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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Feed System | |
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| Phase Center Determination | |
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| Feed Efficiency | |
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| Organization of the Book | |
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| References | |
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| Numerical Methods | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Maxwell's Equations: Foundations of Electromagnetic Analysis | |
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| Green's Functions and Integral Representations | |
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| Method of Moments (MoM) | |
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| Integral Equation Formulation | |
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| Geometry Representations and Meshing | |
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| Basis Functions | |
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| Construction of the Impedance Matrix Equation | |
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| Direct and Iterative Solution Methods | |
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| Examples | |
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| Finite-Element Method (FEM) | |
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| Functional Formalism and Discrete Formulation | |
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| Material Modeling, Boundary Conditions, and Feed Modeling | |
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| Discretization and Basis Functions | |
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| Example | |
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| Hybrid FE-BI and Domain Decomposition Techniques | |
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| Hybrid Finite-Element-Boundary Integral (FE-BI) Formulation | |
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| Example | |
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| Fast Methods for Integral Equations | |
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| Fast Multipole Method (FMM) | |
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| Examples | |
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| Model Order Reduction for Fast Frequency Sweep | |
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| Example | |
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| High-Frequency Techniques | |
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| Physical Optics (PO) and Geometrical Optics (GO) | |
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| Example | |
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| Geometrical Theory of Diffraction and Uniform Theory of Diffraction | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| References | |
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| Electrically Small Feeds | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Design Requirements | |
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| Waveguide Feeds | |
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| Small Waveguide Feeds | |
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| Small Coaxial Feeds | |
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| Small Wide Angle Feeds | |
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| Small Backfire Feeds | |
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| Microstrip Feeds | |
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| Single Patch Antenna as the Reflector Feed | |
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| Planar Antenna Array Feeds | |
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| Backfire Printed Dipole Feeds | |
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| Design Approach | |
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| Performance Results | |
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| Printed Dipole Performance with a Reflector | |
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| Asymmetric Feeds | |
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| Feed Pattern Shaping by Superstate Loading | |
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| References | |
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| Smooth Wall Multimode Horns for High Aperture Efficiency-Theory, Design, and Applications | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Theory for High Aperture Efficiency | |
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| Circular Aperture | |
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| Realization of the Modes | |
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| Circular Horn Design | |
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| Three-Step Horn | |
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| Square High-Efficiency Horn | |
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| Multiflared High-Efficiency Horns | |
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| Other High-Efficiency Horn Structures | |
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| Applications | |
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| In Direct Radiating Arrays | |
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| In Multiple-Beam Reflectors | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| References | |
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| Profiled Horns and Feeds | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Basis of Optimum Horns | |
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| Pattern Constraints | |
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| Input Mismatch | |
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| Aperture Efficiency | |
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| Phase Center Stability | |
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| Compactness and/or Physical Constraint Due to Existing Environment | |
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| Choice of Horn Profiles | |
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| Optimization of Horn Profile | |
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| Possible Approaches | |
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| Optimization Methods | |
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| Examples of Horn Designs | |
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| Corrugated Horn | |
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| Smooth-Walled Circular and Coaxial Horns | |
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| Rectangular Horn | |
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| Dielectric Rod and Horn | |
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| Arrays of Profiled Horns | |
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| Conclusion 151 References | |
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| Soft and Hard Horn Antennas | |
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| Introduction to Hybrid Mode Horn Antennas | |
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| Definition of Soft and Hard Surfaces | |
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| Soft and Hard Horn Designs and Implementations | |
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| Soft Corrugated Horns | |
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| Horns with a Dielectric Core (Dielcore Horns) | |
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| Soft Strip-Loaded Horns | |
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| Hard Strip-Loaded and Corrugated Horns | |
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| Metamaterial Horns (Meta-horns) | |
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| Hard Horns as Feeds for Array Antennas | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| References | |
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| Circularly Polarized Feed Antennas | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Analysis Methods for CP Feed Antenna Design | |
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| Method of Moments (MoM) | |
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| Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTDM) | |
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| Polarizer and Two-Point Excitation Patch | |
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| One-Point Excitation CP Patch Feed Antenna | |
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| End-Fire Helical CP Feed Antenna | |
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| Effects of a Cavity | |
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| Frequency Response | |
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| CP Feed Array Antenna Composed of End-Fire Helical Elements | |
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| Conical Helical CP Feed Antennas | |
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| Back-Fire-Mode CP Helical Feed Antenna | |
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| Back-Fire Radiation | |
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| Frequency Response of the Current | |
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| Effects of Pitch Angle on the Frequency Response of the Antenna Characteristics | |
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| Spiral CP Feed Antenna | |
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| Curl CP Feed Antenna | |
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| CP Radiation | |
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| Beamwidth | |
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| Frequency Response | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| References | |
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| Generalized Asymmetric Reflector Antenna Feeds for Polarization Control and Adaptive Virtual Array Design | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Applications of Asymmetric Feeds | |
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| Cross Polarization Reduction in Offset Reflector Antennas | |
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| Asymmetric Feed Designs for Cross Polarization Reduction | |
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| Feed 1: Ring Choke Excited Circular Waveguide with Slot | |
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| Feed 2: Stepped Circular Waveguide with Tuning Blocks | |
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| Multiphase Center Reflector Antennas and Virtual Array Formation | |
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| The Concept Theory | |
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| Symmetrical-Cut Paraboloids | |
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| Adaptive Asymmetric Feed Designs for Multiphase Center Applications | |
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| Feed 3: Adaptive Dual-mode TE<sub>11</sub> and TE<sub>21</sub> Feed | |
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| Feed 4: Adaptive Dual-mode TE<sub>11</sub> and TM<sub>01</sub> Feed | |
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| Feed 5: Adaptive Triple-Mode TE<sub>11</sub> + TM<sub>01</sub> + TE<sub>21</sub> Feed | |
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| Concluding Remarks | |
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| References | |
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| Array Antennas and Low-Gain TT&C Antennas | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Array Antennas | |
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| Array Design | |
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| Radiating Elements | |
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| Array Radiation Patterns | |
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| Low Gain TT&C Antennas | |
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| TT&C Subsystem and Antenna Applications | |
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| TT&C Antennas Introduction | |
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| TT&C RF Block Diagram and Link Budgets | |
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| Low-Gain TT&C Antennas | |
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| References | |
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| About the Editors | |
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| Index | |