| |
| |
| |
| Getting Started | |
| |
| |
| |
| What to Expect from C | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fundamentals-Reserved Words, Identifiers, the Character Set | |
| |
| |
| |
| Subprograms or Functions in C | |
| |
| |
| |
| An Introduction to Output in C | |
| |
| |
| |
| Input and Output with Variables | |
| |
| |
| |
| Arithmetic Operations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction to Functions and Structured Programming in C | |
| |
| |
| Language Elements Introduced in This Chapter: A Review | |
| |
| |
| Things to RememberExercises and Programming Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gaining Control | |
| |
| |
| |
| Expressions and Statements | |
| |
| |
| |
| Blocks and Compound Statements | |
| |
| |
| |
| The if and if-else Statements | |
| |
| |
| |
| Relational Operators and Expressions | |
| |
| |
| |
| The while Loop | |
| |
| |
| |
| Logical Operators and Expressions | |
| |
| |
| |
| The for Loop | |
| |
| |
| |
| Making C Readable-Programming Style | |
| |
| |
| Language Elements Introduced in This Chapter: A Review | |
| |
| |
| Things to Remember | |
| |
| |
| Exercises and Programming Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Basic Data Types | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction to Scalar Types in C | |
| |
| |
| |
| Integers and Different Integer Bases | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Integer Types | |
| |
| |
| |
| The size of() Operator | |
| |
| |
| |
| Character Variables | |
| |
| |
| |
| Unsigned Types | |
| |
| |
| |
| ANSI C and Integer Types | |
| |
| |
| |
| If There's Time or Need: Bit Operations on the Integer Types | |
| |
| |
| |
| Floating Point Types | |
| |
| |
| |
| Types of Expressions and Automatic Conversions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Forced Type Conversions | |
| |
| |
| Language Elements Introduced in This Chapter: A Review | |
| |
| |
| Things to Remember | |
| |
| |
| Exercises and Programming Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Arrays and Pointers | |
| |
| |
| |
| One Dimensional Arrays | |
| |
| |
| |
| Initialization of Arrays | |
| |
| |
| |
| Arrays as Parameters to Functions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Getting Started with Pointers | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pointer Arithmetic | |
| |
| |
| |
| Dereferencing a Pointer Variable | |
| |
| |
| |
| An Array as a Pointer | |
| |
| |
| |
| Passing Parameters to Functions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Searching and Sorting Arrays | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pointers and Dynamic Memory Allocation | |
| |
| |
| Language Elements Introduced in This Chapter: A Review | |
| |
| |
| Things to Remember | |
| |
| |
| Exercises and Programming Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Strings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction to Strings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Variable Strings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Input and Output of Strings | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Common String Library Functions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Examples with strlen() and strchr() | |
| |
| |
| |
| More Functions in the C String Library | |
| |
| |
| |
| Two Versions of strcat() | |
| |
| |
| Language Elements Introduced in This Chapter: A Review | |
| |
| |
| Things to Remember | |
| |
| |
| Exercises and Programming Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Keeping Control | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| The do-while Statement | |
| |
| |
| |
| The switch Statement | |
| |
| |
| |
| Altering the Flow of Control | |
| |
| |
| |
| Getting Out Gracefully | |
| |
| |
| |
| If There's Time or Need: Using Recursion | |
| |
| |
| Language Elements Introduced in This Chapter: A Review | |
| |
| |
| Things to Remember | |
| |
| |
| Exercises and Programming Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Structuring the Data | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction to Structures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Operations on Structures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Using Structures with Arrays and Pointers | |
| |
| |
| |
| Bit Fields | |
| |
| |
| |
| Enumerated Types | |
| |
| |
| |
| UnionsLanguage Elements Introduced in This Chapter: A Review | |
| |
| |
| Things to Remember | |
| |
| |
| Exercises and Programming Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Intra-program Communication | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Automatic versus Static Variables | |
| |
| |
| |
| Global versus Local Variables | |
| |
| |
| |
| Modules and External Variables | |
| |
| |
| |
| Typedefs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Function Definitions | |