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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Contributors | |
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| Connection Between Research and Evidence-Based Practice | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Providing a Line of Reasoning for EBP and Evidence-Based Research | |
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| Assessing the Need for Research in the Practice Arena | |
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| Obstacles to Using Research | |
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| Responsibility for Using Research | |
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| The Importance of Generating Evidence | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Overview of Evidence | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Foundations for Evidence-Based Practice | |
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| Qualities of Evidence | |
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| Evidence Grading Methods | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Overview of Research | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Historical Perspective | |
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| Purpose of Nursing Research | |
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| Theory, Research, and Practice | |
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| Sources for Nursing Research | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Ethics for Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Ethical Theories | |
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| Historical Overview | |
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| Research Ethics | |
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| Environment for Ethical Research | |
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| Developing a Researchable Topic | |
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| Developing Researchable Questions | |
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| Participant Recruitment and Informed Consent | |
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| Data Collection and Data Analysis | |
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| Issues in Quantitative and Qualitative Research | |
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| External Pressures | |
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| Evidence-Based Practice and Ethical Implications | |
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| Publication of Research or EBP | |
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| Emerging Issues in Research and EBP | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| PICOT, Problem Statement, Research Question, Hypothesis | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Determining Significance of the Problem | |
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| Examining Feasibility of the Problem | |
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| Addressing Nursing Research Priorities | |
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| Problem Statement | |
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| Research Question | |
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| Hypotheses | |
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| Defining Variables for the Study | |
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| Evidence-Based Practice Considerations | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Literature Review: Searching and Writing the Evidence | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Definition and Purpose of the Literature Review | |
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| The literature Review Within the Evidence-Based Practice and/or Research Process | |
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| Differentiating a Research Article from a Nonresearch Article | |
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| Conducting a literature Review Search | |
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| The Importance of Library Specialists in Conducting a Literature Review | |
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| The Research Idea | |
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| The Research Question | |
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| Definition of Database | |
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| Databases Useful to Nursing | |
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| Basics of Searching | |
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| Other Key Information | |
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| Evaluating the Literature | |
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| Writing the Literature Review | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Sampling | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Why Sample? | |
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| Whom to Sample? | |
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| How to Sample? | |
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| How Many to Sample? | |
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| Specific Evidence-Based Practice Considerations | |
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| Final Comments on Sampling | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Quantitative Research Design | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Characteristics of Quantitative Research Design | |
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| Descriptive Design | |
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| Experimental Design | |
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| Nonexperimental Design | |
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| Time-Dimensional Design | |
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| Quasi-Experimental Design | |
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| Control | |
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| Research Design, Quality Improvement Projects, and Root Cause Analysis | |
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| Evidence-Based Considerations | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Qualitative and Mixed Research Methods | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Qualitative Research | |
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| A Brief History of Qualitative Methods | |
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| Comparing Qualitative and Quantitative Methods | |
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| Approaches to Qualitative Research | |
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| Sampling Strategies in Qualitative Research | |
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| Approaches to Qualitative Data Collection | |
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| Approaches to Qualitative Data Analysis | |
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| Methodological Rigor in Qualitative Research | |
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| Understanding and Using Qualitative Study Results | |
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| Mixed Method Research | |
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| Types of Mixed Method Strategies | |
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| Data Collection Procedures | |
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| Data Analysis and Validation Procedures | |
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| Evidence-Based Practice Considerations | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Data Collection | |
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| Overview of Data Collection Methods and Sources | |
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| Accessible Data Versus Novel Data | |
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| Key Categories of Data for Nursing Studies | |
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| Significant Facets of Data Collection Schemes | |
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| Test Methods | |
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| Questionnaire Methods | |
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| Interview Methods | |
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| Focus Group Methods | |
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| Observation Methods | |
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| Secondary (Existing) Data Methods | |
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| Biophysiological Methods | |
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| Systematic Analysis | |
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| Achievement of the Data Collection Strategy | |
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| Evidence-Based Practice Considerations | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Reliability, Validity, and Trustworthiness | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Reliability as a Concept | |
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| Forms of Reliability | |
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| Validity | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Data Analysis | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Quantitative Analysis | |
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| Qualitative Analysis | |
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| Quality Assurance | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| The Research Critique Process and the Evidence-Based Appraisal Process | |
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| Rationale for Doing a Research Critique | |
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| Elements of a Research Critique | |
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| Process for Conducting a Research Critique | |
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| Critically Assessing Knowledge for Clinical Decision Making | |
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| Employing EBP Guidelines: Instruments for Holistic Practice | |
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| The Evidence-Based Appraisal | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Translation Research and Practical Applications | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Translational Research | |
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| Logic Modeling | |
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| Action Plans | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Application of Evidence-Based Nursing Practice with Research | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Process for Evidence-Based Practice | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary Points | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |