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Preface | |
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Introductory Concepts | |
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Articulation and Acoustics | |
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Speech Production | |
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Sound Waves | |
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Places of Articulatory Gestures | |
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The Oro-Nasal Process | |
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Manners of Articulation | |
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Stop | |
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Oral Stop | |
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Nasal Stop | |
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Fricative | |
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Approximant | |
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Lateral (Approximant) | |
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Additional Consonantal Gestures | |
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The Waveforms of Consonants | |
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The Articulation of Vowel Sounds | |
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The Sounds of Vowels | |
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Suprasegmentals | |
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Exercises | |
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Phonology and Phonetic Transcription | |
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The Transcription of Consonants | |
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The Transcription of Vowels | |
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Consonant and Vowel Charts | |
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Phonology | |
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Exercises | |
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Performance Exercises | |
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English Phonetics | |
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The Consonants of English | |
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Stop Consonants | |
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Fricatives | |
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Affricates | |
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Nasals | |
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Approximants | |
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Overlapping Gestures | |
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Rules for English Consonant Allophones | |
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Diacritics | |
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Exercises | |
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Performance Exercises | |
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English Vowels | |
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Transcription and Phonetic Dictionaries | |
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Vowel Quality | |
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The Auditory Vowel Space | |
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American and British Vowels | |
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Diphthongs | |
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Rhotic Vowels | |
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Unstressed Syllables | |
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Tense and Lax Vowels | |
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Rules for English Vowel Allophones | |
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Exercises | |
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Performance Exercises | |
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English Words and Sentences | |
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Words in Connected Speech | |
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Stress | |
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Degrees of Stress | |
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Sentence Rhythm | |
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Intonation | |
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Target Tones | |
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Exercises | |
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Performance Exercises | |
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General Phonetics | |
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Airstream Mechanisms and Phonation Types | |
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Airstream Mechanisms | |
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Slates of the Glottis | |
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Voice Onset Time | |
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Summary of Actions of the Glottis | |
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Exercises | |
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Performance Exercises | |
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Consonantal Gestures | |
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Articulatory Targets | |
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Types of Articulatory Gestures | |
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Stops | |
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Nasals | |
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Fricatives | |
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Trills, Taps, and Flaps | |
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Laterals | |
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Summary of Manners of Articulation | |
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Exercises | |
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Performance Exercises | |
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Acoustic Phonetics | |
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Source/Filter Theory | |
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Tube Models | |
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Perturbation Theory | |
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Acoustic Analysis | |
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Acoustics of Consonants | |
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Interpreting Spectrograms | |
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Individual Differences | |
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Exercises | |
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Vowels and Vowel-like Articulations | |
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Cardinal Vowels | |
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Secondary Cardinal Vowels | |
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Vowels in Other Accents of English | |
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Vowels in Other Languages | |
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Advanced Tongue Root | |
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Rhotacized Vowels | |
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Nasalization | |
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Summary of Vowel Quality | |
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Semivowels | |
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Secondary Articulatory Gestures | |
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Exercises | |
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Performance Exercises | |
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Syllables and Suprasegmental Features | |
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Syllables | |
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Stress | |
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Length | |
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Timing | |
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Intonation and Tone | |
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Stress, Tone, and Pitch Accent Languages | |
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Exercises | |
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Performance Exercises | |
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Linguistic Phonetics | |
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Phonetics of the Community and of the Individual | |
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The International Phonetic Alphabet | |
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Feature Hierarchy | |
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A Problem with Linguistic Explanations | |
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Controlling Articulatory Movements | |
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Memory for Speech | |
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The Balance between Phonetic Forces | |
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Performance Exercises | |
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Additional Material for Transciption | |
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Suggestions for Contributors to the Journal of the International Phonetic Association | |
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Notes | |
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Glossary | |
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Further Reading | |
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Index | |