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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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An Introduction to the Study of Minority Groups in The United States | |
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Diversity in the United States: Questions and Concepts | |
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The Increasing Variety of American Minority Groups: Trends and Questions | |
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Increasing Diversity | |
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What's in a Name? | |
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Questions about the Future, Sociology, and the Plan of this Book | |
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What Is a Minority Group? | |
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Patterns of Inequality | |
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Theoretical Perspectives | |
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Minority Group Status and Stratification | |
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Visible Distinguishing Traits | |
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Race | |
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Gender | |
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Key Concepts in Dominant-Minority Relations | |
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Prejudice | |
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Discrimination | |
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Ideological Racism | |
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Institutional Discrimination | |
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A Global Perspective | |
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Focus on Contemporary Issues: Immigration and Globalization | |
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Conclusion | |
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Main Points | |
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For Further Reading | |
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Questions for Review and Study | |
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Internet Research Project | |
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Assimilation and Pluralism: From Immigrants to White Ethnics | |
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Assimilation | |
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Types of Assimilation | |
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The "Traditional" Perspective on Assimilation: Theories and Concepts | |
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Pluralism | |
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Types of Pluralism | |
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Focus on Contemporary Issues: Language and Assimilation | |
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Other Group Relationships | |
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From Immigrants to White Ethnics | |
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Industrialization and Immigration | |
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European Origins and Conditions of Entry | |
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Chains of Immigration | |
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The Campaign against Immigration: Prejudice, Racism, and Discrimination | |
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Patterns of Assimilation | |
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Continuing Industrialization and Structural Mobility | |
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Variations in Assimilation | |
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Degree of Similarity | |
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Religion | |
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Social Class | |
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Gender | |
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Sojourners | |
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The Descendents of the Immigrants Today | |
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Geographic Distribution | |
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Integration and Equality | |
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The Evolution of White Ethnicity | |
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The Twilight of White Ethnicity | |
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Contemporary Immigrants: Does the Traditional Perspective Apply? | |
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Implications for Examining Dominant-Minority Relations | |
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Comparative Focus: Immigration, Emigration, and Ireland | |
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Main Points | |
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For Further Reading | |
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Questions for Review and Study | |
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Internet Research Project | |
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The Evolution of Dominant-Minority Relations in the United States | |
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A Note on the Morality and the History of Minority Relations in America: Guilt, Blame, Understanding, and Communication | |
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The Development of Dominant-Minority Group Relations in Preindustrial America: The Origins of Slavery | |
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The Origins of Slavery in America | |
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The Labor Supply Problem | |
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The Contact Situation | |
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The Creation of Slavery in the United States | |
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Paternalistic Relations | |
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The Dimensions of Minority Group Status | |
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Focus on Contemporary Issues: Slavery and Indentured Servitude Today | |
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The Creation of Minority Status for American Indians and Mexican Americans | |
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American Indians | |
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Comparative Focus: Hawaii | |
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Mexican Americans | |
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Comparing Minority Groups | |
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Comparative Focus: Mexico, Canada, and the United States | |
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Main Points | |
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For Further Reading | |
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Questions for Review and Study | |
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Internet Research Project | |
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Industrialization and Dominant-Minority Relations: From Slavery to Segregation and the Coming of Postindustrial Society | |
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Industrialization and the Shift from Paternalistic to Rigid Competitive Group Relations | |
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The Impact of Industrialization on the Racial Stratification of African Americans: From Slavery to Segregation | |
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Reconstruction | |
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De Jure Segregation | |
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The Great Migration | |
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Life in the North | |
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Competition with White Ethnic Groups | |
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The Origins of Black Protest | |
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Applying Concepts | |
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Acculturation and Integration | |
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Gender and Race | |
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Comparative Focus: South African Apartheid | |
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Industrialization, the Shift to Postindustrial Society, and Dominant-Minority Group Relations: General Trends | |
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Urbanization | |
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Occupational Specialization | |
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Bureaucracy and Rationality | |
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Growth of White-Collar Jobs and the Service Sector | |
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The Growing Importance of Education | |
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A Dual Labor Market | |
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Globalization | |
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Postindustrial Society and the Shift from Rigid to Fluid Competitive Relationships | |
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Gender Inequality in a Globalizing, Postindustrial World | |
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Trends in the United States | |
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Global Trends | |
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Modern Institutional Discrimination | |
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The Continuing Power of the Past | |
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Affirmative Action | |
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Social Change and Minority Group Activism | |
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Focus on Contemporary Issues: Hate Crimes | |
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Main Points | |
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For Further Reading | |
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Questions for Review and Study | |
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Internet Research Project | |
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Understanding Dominant-Minority Relations in the United States Today | |
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African Americans: From Segregation to Modern Institutional Discrimination and Modern Racism | |
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The End of de Jure Segregation | |
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Wartime Developments | |
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The Civil Rights Movement | |
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Developments Outside the South | |
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De Facto Segregation | |
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Urban Unrest | |
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The Black Power Movement | |
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Protest, Power, and Pluralism | |
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The Black Power Movement in Perspective | |
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Gender and Black Protest | |
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Comparative Focus: Race in Another America | |
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Black-White Relations Since the 1960s: Issues and Trends | |
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Continuing Separation | |
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The Criminal Justice System and African Americans | |
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Increasing Class Inequality | |
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Modern Institutional Discrimination | |
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The Family Institution and the Culture of Poverty | |
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Mixed Race and New Racial Identities | |
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Traditional Prejudice and Modern Racism | |
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Assimilation and Pluralism | |
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Focus on Contemporary Issues: Does the Election of President Obama Mean that America Is Postracial? | |
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Is the Glass Half Empty or Half Full? | |
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Main Points | |
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For Further Reading | |
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Questions for Review and Study | |
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Internet Research Project | |
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American Indians: From Conquest to Tribal Survival in a Postindustrial Society | |
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Size of the Group | |
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American Indian Cultures | |
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Relations with the Federal Government after the 1890s | |
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Reservation Life | |
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The Indian Reorganization Act | |
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The Termination Policy | |
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Relocation and Urbanization | |
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Self-Determination | |
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Protest and Resistance | |
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Early Efforts | |
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Red Power | |
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Focus on Contemporary Issues: Were American Indians the Victims of Genocide? | |
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The Continuing Struggle for Development in Contemporary American Indian-White Relations | |
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Natural Resources | |
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Attracting Industry to the Reservation | |
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Broken Treaties | |
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Gaming and Other Development Possibilities | |
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Contemporary American Indian-White Relations | |
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Prejudice and Discrimination | |
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Assimilation and Pluralism | |
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Comparing Minority Groups | |
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Progress and Challenges | |
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Comparative Focus: Australian Aborigines and American Indians | |
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Main Points | |
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For Further Reading | |
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Questions for Review and Study | |
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Internet Research Project | |
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Hispanic Americans: Colonization, Immigration, and Ethnic Enclaves | |
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Mexican Americans | |
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Cultural Patterns | |
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Immigration | |
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Developments in the United States | |
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Mexican Americans and Other Minority Groups | |
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Puerto Ricans | |
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Migration (Push and Pull) and Employment | |
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Transitions | |
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Puerto Ricans and Other Minority Groups | |
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Cuban Americans | |
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Immigration (Push and Pull) | |
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Regional Concentrations | |
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Socioeconomic Characteristics | |
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The Ethnic Enclave | |
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Cuban Americans and Other Minority Groups | |
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Comparative Focus: Immigration to Europe vs. Immigration to the United States | |
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Contemporary Hispanic-White Relations | |
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Prejudice and Discrimination | |
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Assimilation and Pluralism | |
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Focus on Contemporary Issues: Will America Grow "Whiter" or "Browner"? | |
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Assimilation and Hispanic Americans | |
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Main Points | |
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For Further Reading | |
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Questions for Review and Study | |
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| |
Internet Research Project | |
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Asian Americans: "Model Minorities"? | |
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Origins and Cultures | |
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Contact Situations and the Development of the Chinese American and Japanese American Communities | |
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Chinese Americans | |
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Japanese Americans | |
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Comparing Minority Groups | |
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Contemporary Immigration from Asia | |
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Contemporary Relations | |
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Prejudice and Discrimination | |
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Assimilation and Pluralism | |
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Focus on Contemporary Issues: How Successful Are Asian Americans? At What Price? | |
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Comparing Minority Groups: Explaining Asian American Success | |
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Asian Americans and White Ethnics | |
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Asian Americans and Colonized Racial Minority Groups | |
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Structural Explanations of Asian American Success | |
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Comparative Focus: Japan's "Invisible" Minority | |
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Main Points | |
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For Further Reading | |
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Questions for Review and Study | |
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| |
Internet Research Project | |
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Challenges for the Present and the Future | |
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New Americans, Assimilation, and Old Challenges | |
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Current Immigration | |
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New Hispanic Groups: Immigrants from the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, and Colombia | |
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Three Case Studies | |
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Non-Hispanic Immigration from the Caribbean | |
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Two Case Studies | |
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Contemporary Immigration from Asia | |
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Four Case Studies | |
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Middle Eastern and Arab Americans | |
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9/11 and Arab Americans | |
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| |
The Arab American Community in Detroit, Michigan | |
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Immigrants from Africa | |
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Summary: Modes of Incorporation | |
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Comparative Focus: The Roma: Europe's "True Minority" | |
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| |
Immigration: Issues and Controversies | |
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| |
The Attitudes of Americans | |
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The Immigrants | |
| |
| |
Costs and Benefits | |
| |
| |
Undocumented Immigrants | |
| |
| |
Focus on Contemporary Issues: Birthright Citizenship | |
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| |
Is Contemporary Assimilation Segmented? | |
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| |
The Case for Segmented Assimilation | |
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| |
The Case for "Traditional" Assimilation Theory | |
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| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Recent Immigration in Historical and Global Context | |
| |
| |
New Immigrants and Old Issues | |
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| |
Main Points | |
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| |
For Further Reading | |
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| |
Questions for Review and Study | |
| |
| |
Internet Research Project | |
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| |
Minority Groups and U.S. Society: Themes, Patterns, and the Future | |
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| |
The Importance of Subsistence Technology | |
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| |
The Importance of the Contact Situation, Group Competition, and Power | |
| |
| |
Diversity Within Minority Groups | |