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| Preface | |
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| Series Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| List of Acronyms | |
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| Introduction | |
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| History and Overview | |
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| Overview | |
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| History | |
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| Early History | |
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| The Vietnam War | |
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| Resurgence | |
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| Joint Operations | |
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| Desert Storm | |
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| Bosnia | |
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| Afghanistan and Iraq | |
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| Overview of UAV Systems | |
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| Air Vehicle | |
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| Mission Planning and Control Station | |
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| Launch and Recovery Equipment | |
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| Payloads | |
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| Data Links | |
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| Ground Support Equipment | |
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| The Aquila | |
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| Aquila Mission and Requirements | |
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| Air Vehicle | |
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| Ground Control Station | |
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| Launch and Recovery | |
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| Payload | |
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| Other Equipment | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Classes and Missions of UAVs | |
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| Overview | |
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| Examples of UAV Systems | |
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| Very Small UAVs | |
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| Small UAVs | |
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| Medium UAVs | |
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| Large UAVs | |
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| Expendable UAVs | |
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| Classes of UAV Systems | |
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| Classification by Range and Endurance | |
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| Informal Categories of Small UAV Systems by Size | |
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| The Tier System | |
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| Another Classification Change | |
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| Missions | |
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| Reference | |
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| The Air Vehicle | |
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| Basic Aerodynamics | |
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| Overview | |
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| Basic Aerodynamic Equations | |
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| Aircraft Polar | |
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| The Real Wing and Airplane | |
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| Induced Drag | |
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| The Boundary Layer | |
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| Flapping Wings | |
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| Total Air-Vehicle Drag | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Performance | |
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| Overview | |
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| Climbing Flight | |
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| Range | |
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| Range for a Propeller-Driven Aircraft | |
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| Range for a Jet-Propelled Aircraft | |
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| Endurance | |
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| Endurance for a Propeller-Driven Aircraft | |
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| Endurance for a Jet-Propelled Aircraft | |
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| Gliding Flight | |
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| Summary | |
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| Stability and Control | |
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| Overview | |
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| Stability | |
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| Longitudinal Stability | |
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| Lateral Stability | |
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| Dynamic Stability | |
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| Summary | |
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| Control | |
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| Aerodynamic Control | |
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| Pitch Control | |
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| Lateral Control | |
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| Autopilots | |
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| Sensor | |
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| Controller | |
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| Actuator | |
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| Airframe Control | |
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| Inner and Outer Loops | |
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| Flight-Control Classification | |
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| Overall Modes of Operation | |
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| Sensors Supporting the Autopilot | |
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| Propulsion | |
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| Overview | |
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| Thrust Generation | |
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| Powered Lift | |
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| Sources of Power | |
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| The Two-Cycle Engine | |
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| The Rotary Engine | |
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| The Gas Turbine | |
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| Electric Motors | |
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| Sources of Electrical Power | |
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| Loads and Structures | |
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| Overview | |
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| Loads | |
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| Dynamic Loads | |
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| Materials | |
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| Sandwich Construction | |
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| Skin or Reinforcing Materials | |
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| Resin Materials | |
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| Core Materials | |
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| Construction Techniques | |
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| Mission Planning and Control | |
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| Mission Planning and Control Station | |
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| Oerview | |
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| MPCS Architecture | |
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| Local Area Networks | |
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| Elements of a LAN | |
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| Levels of Communication | |
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| Bridges and Gateways | |
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| Physical Configuration | |
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| Planning and Navigation | |
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| Planning | |
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| Navigation and Target Location | |
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| MPCS Interfaces | |
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| Air Vehicle and Payload Control | |
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| Overview | |
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| Modes of Control | |
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| Piloting the Air Vehicle | |
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| Remote Piloting | |
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| Autopilot-Assisted Control | |
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| Complete Automation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Controlling Payloads | |
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| Signal Relay Payloads | |
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| Atmospheric, Radiological, and Environmental Monitoring | |
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| Imaging and Pseudo-Imaging Payloads | |
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| Controlling the Mission | |
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| Autonomy | |
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| Payloads | |
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| Reconnaissance/Surveillance Payloads | |
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| Overview | |
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| Imaging Sensors | |
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| Target Detection, Recognition, and Identification | |
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| The Search Process | |
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| Other Considerations | |
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| Stabilization of the Line of Sight | |
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| References | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Weapon Payloads | |
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| Overview | |
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| History of Lethal Unmanned Aircraft | |
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| Mission Requirements for Armed Utility UAVs | |
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| Design Issues Related to Carriage and Delivery of Weapons | |
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| Payload Capacity | |
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| Structural Issues | |
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| Electrical Interfaces | |
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| Electromagnetic Interference | |
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| Launch Constraints for Legacy Weapons | |
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| Safe Separation | |
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| Data Links | |
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| Other Issues Related to Combat Operations | |
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| Signature Reduction | |
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| Autonomy | |
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| Reference | |
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| Other Payloads | |
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| Overview | |
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| Radar | |
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| General Radar Considerations | |
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| Synthetic Aperture Radar | |
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| Electronic Warfare | |
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| Chemical Detection | |
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| Nuclear Radiation Sensors | |
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| Meteorological Sensors | |
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| Pseudo-Satellites | |
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| Data Links | |
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| Data-Link Functions and Attributes | |
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| Overview | |
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| Background | |
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| Data-Link Functions | |
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| Desirable Data-Link Attributes | |
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| Worldwide Availability | |
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| Resistance to Unintentional Interference | |
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| Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) | |
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| Security | |
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| Resistance to Deception | |
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| Anti-ARM | |
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| Anti-Jam | |
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| Digital Data Links | |
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| System Interface Issues | |
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| Mechanical and Electrical | |
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| Data-Rate Restrictions | |
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| Control-Loop Delays | |
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| Interoperability, Interchangeability, and Commonality | |
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| Reference | |
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| Data-Link Margin | |
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| Overview | |
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| Sources of Data-Link Margin | |
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| Transmitter Power | |
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| Antenna Gain | |
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| Processing Gain | |
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| Definition of AJ Margin | |
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| Jammer Geometry | |
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| System Implications of AJ Capability | |
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| Anti-Jam Uplinks | |
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| Propagation | |
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| Obstruction of the Propagation Path | |
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| Atmospheric Absorption | |
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| Precipitation Losses | |
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| Data-Link Signal-to-Noise Budget | |
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| References | |
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| Data-Rate Reduction | |
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| Overview | |
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| Compression Versus Truncation | |
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| Video Data | |
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| Non-Video Data | |
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| Location of the Data-Rate Reduction Function | |
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| References | |
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| Data-Link Tradeoffs | |
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| Overview | |
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| Basic Tradeoffs | |
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| Pitfalls of "Putting Off� Data-Link Issues | |
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| Future Technology | |
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| Launch and Recovery | |
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| Launch Systems | |
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| Overview | |
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| Basic Considerations | |
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| UAV Launch Methods for Fixed-Wing Vehicles | |
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| Rail Launchers | |
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| Pneumatic Launchers | |
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| Hydraulic/Pneumatic Launchers | |
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| Zero Length RATO Launch of UAVs | |
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| Vertical Takeoff and Landing UAV Launch | |
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| Recovery Systems | |
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| Overview | |
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| Conventional Landings | |
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| Vertical Net Systems | |
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| Parachute Recovery | |
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| VTOL UAVs | |
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| Mid-Air Retrieval | |
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| Shipboard Recovery | |
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| Launch and Recovery Tradeoffs | |
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| UAV Launch Method Tradeoffs | |
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| Recovery Method Tradeoffs | |
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| Overall Conclusions | |
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| Index | |