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| Introduction | |
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| Learning Objectives | |
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| Some Characteristics of Fluids | |
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| Dimensions, Dimensional Homogeneity, and Units | |
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| Systems of Units | |
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| Analysis of Fluid Behavior | |
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| Measures of Fluid Mass and Weight | |
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| Density | |
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| Specific Weight | |
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| Specific Gravity | |
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| Ideal Gas Law | |
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| Viscosity | |
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| Compressibility of Fluids | |
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| Bulk Modulus | |
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| Compression and Expansion of Gases | |
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| Speed of Sound | |
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| Vapor Pressure | |
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| Surface Tension | |
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| A Brief Look Back in History | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| References | |
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| Review Problems | |
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| Conceptual Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Fluid Statics | |
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| Learning Objectives | |
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| Pressure at a Point | |
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| Basic Equation for Pressure Field | |
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| Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest | |
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| Incompressible Fluid | |
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| Compressible Fluid | |
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| Standard Atmosphere | |
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| Measurement of Pressure | |
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| Manometry | |
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| Piezometer Tube | |
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| U-Tube Manometer | |
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| Inclined-Tube Manometer | |
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| Mechanical and Electronic Pressure-Measuring Devices | |
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| Hydrostatic Force on a Plane Surface | |
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| Pressure Prism | |
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| Hydrostatic Force on a Curved Surface | |
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| Buoyancy, Flotation, and Stability | |
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| Archimedes� Principle | |
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| Stability | |
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| Pressure Variation in a Fluid with Rigid-Body Motion | |
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| Linear Motion | |
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| Rigid-Body Rotation | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| References | |
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| Review Problems | |
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| Conceptual Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Elementary Fluid Dynamics�The Bernoulli Equation | |
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| Newton�s Second Law | |
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| F ma along a Streamline | |
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| F ma Normal to a Streamline | |
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| Physical Interpretation | |
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| Static, Stagnation, Dynamic, and Total Pressure | |
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| Examples of Use of the Bernoulli Equation | |
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| Free Jets | |
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| Confined Flows | |
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| Flowrate Measurement | |
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| The Energy Line and the Hydraulic Grade Line | |
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| Restrictions on Use of the Bernoulli Equation | |
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| Compressibility Effects | |
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| Unsteady Effects | |
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| Rotational Effects | |
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| Other Restrictions | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| The Velocity Field | |
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| Eulerian and Lagrangian Flow Descriptions | |
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| One-, Two-, and Three-Dimensional Flows | |
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| Steady and Unsteady Flows | |
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| Streamlines, Streaklines, and Pathlines | |
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| The Acceleration Field | |
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| The Material Derivative | |
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| Unsteady Effects | |
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| Convective Effects | |
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| Streamline Coordinates | |
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| Control Volume and System Representations | |
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| The Reynolds Transport Theorem | |
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| Derivation of the Reynolds Transport Theorem | |
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| Physical Interpretation | |
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| Relationship to Material Derivative | |
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| Steady Effects | |
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| Unsteady Effects | |
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| Moving Control Volumes | |
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| Selection of a Control Volume | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Conservation of Mass�The Continuity Equation | |
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| Derivation of the Continuity Equation | |
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| Fixed, Nondeforming Control Volume | |
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| Moving, Nondeforming Control Volume | |
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| Deforming Control Volume | |