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| The Nature of Physical Evidence | |
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| Science and the Law | |
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| Principles and Processes of Criminalistics | |
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| The Principles | |
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| The Processes | |
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| Identification | |
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| Classification and Individualization | |
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| Association | |
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| Reconstruction | |
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| Fingerprints and DNA | |
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| Conventional Blood Typing | |
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| The Collection and Preservation of Physical Evidence | |
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| Extraneous Substances | |
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| Collection of Evidence | |
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| Preservation of Evidence | |
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| Evaluation of Evidence | |
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| RFLP | |
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| PCR | |
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| A Short History of DNA Typing | |
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| The Scientific Basis of DNA Typing | |
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| Why DNA? | |
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| An Introduction to Human Genetics | |
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| The Physical Basis of Heredity | |
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| Alleles: Variations on a Theme | |
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| Population Genetics | |
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| An Introduction to the Molecular Biology of DNA | |
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| Two Kinds of Variation | |
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| Enzymes: The Workhorses of the Biological World | |
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| An Overview of Forensic DNA Typing Systems | |
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| RELP Analysis | |
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| PCR Amplification | |
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| HLA DQ[alpha]/HLA DQA1 | |
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| AmpliType PM | |
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| D1S80 | |
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| STRs | |
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| Gender Identification | |
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| Y-STRs | |
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| Mitochondrial DNA | |
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| What Kinds of Samples Can be Analyzed? | |
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| How Much Sample Do You Need? | |
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| Procedures for Forensic DNA Analysis | |
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| Isolation of DNA | |
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| Chelex Extraction | |
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| QiaAmp Extraction | |
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| Organic Extraction | |
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| Differential Extraction | |
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| Determining the Quality and Quantity of DNA | |
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| Determination of Quantity | |
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| Determination of Quality | |
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| RFLP Analysis | |
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| PCR Amplification | |
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| Analysis of PCR Product | |
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| Sequence Polymorphisms | |
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| AmpliType PM+DQA1 | |
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| Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) | |
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| Length Polymorphisms (D1S80, STRs, Gender ID) | |
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| Automated Analysis Systems | |
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| Automated DNA Extraction and Amplification | |
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| Liquid Blood Transfer | |
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| DNA Extraction | |
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| Quantitation | |
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| Amplification | |
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| Robot Issues | |
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| Summary of Automated Procedures | |
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| Interpretation of DNA Typing Results | |
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| Complicating Factors | |
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| Multiple Contributors | |
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| Sexual Assault Evidence | |
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| Non-sexual Assault Mixtures | |
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| Degradation | |
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| Extraneous Substances | |
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| Chemical Inhibition of Enzymes | |
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| Non-human DNA | |
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| System-Specific Interpretational Issues | |
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| RFLP | |
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| Multi-(More Than Two) Banded Patterns | |
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| Single-Banded Patterns | |
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| Summary of RFLP Interpretational Issues | |
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| PCR Systems | |
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| Nuclear DNA | |
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| Mitochondrial DNA | |
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| Summary of PCR Systems Interpretational Issues | |
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| Summary of DNA Interpretation Issues | |
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| Assessing the Strength of the Evidence | |
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| Determination of Genetic Concordance | |
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| Continuous Allele Systems | |
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| Discrete Allele Systems | |
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| Evaluation of Results | |
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| Frequency Estimate Calculations | |
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| Population Substructure | |
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| Estimating Frequencies | |
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| Continuous Allele Systems (RFLP) | |
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| Discrete Allele Systems (all PCR systems) | |
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| Correction Factors | |
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| Relatives | |
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| Counting Method | |
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| Error Rates | |
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| Likelihood Ratios | |
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| What Is the Question? | |
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| Complex Evidence | |
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| Mixtures | |
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| Articulating the Hypothesis | |
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| When Is a DNA Profile Unique | |
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| The DNA Databank | |
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| Premise of a Databank | |
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| The Difference Between a Databank and a Database | |
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| Elements of a Successful Databank | |
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| Legislation | |
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| Collection of Samples | |
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| Offenders | |
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| Cases | |
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| Analysis of Samples | |
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| Choice of Markers | |
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| Offenders | |
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| Cases | |
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| Transforming Analyzed Data into a Database | |
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| The Computer Program | |
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| Communication Between Laboratories | |
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| Privacy | |
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| Flow of Offender Data into the Databank | |
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| Import of Profiles into the Database | |
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| Categories and Indexes | |
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| Searching Profiles | |
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| Confirmation of a Match | |
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| United States Statistics | |
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| Summary | |
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| Quality Assurance | |
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| Certification and Accreditation | |
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| Certification | |
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| Accreditation | |
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| SWDAM (Formerly TWGDAM) | |
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| NRC I and II | |
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| NRC I | |
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| NRC II | |
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| Federal DNA Advisory Board | |
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| Admissibility Standards: Science on Trial in the Courtroom | |
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| Frye, Daubert, and the Federal Rules of Evidence | |
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| The Frye Standard | |
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| The Federal Rules of Evidence | |
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| The Daubert Standard | |
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| Past Admissibility | |
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| DNA: Some Landmark Cases | |
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| RFLP | |
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| PCR: DQ[alpha]/A1, Polymarker, D1S80 | |
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| PCR: STRs | |
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| Mitochondrial DNA | |
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| The State of the Debate | |
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| Epilogue | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Key Phrases | |
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| Assessment Tools | |
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| Chromosomal Locations | |
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| Profile Frequency Calculation | |
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| Likelihood Ratio and Probability of Exclusion | |
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| DAB 98 | |
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| DAB Statistics | |
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| NRC I, II | |
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| DNA Statutes | |
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| DNA Decision Summary | |
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| List STR decisions | |
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| Internet Resources | |
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| Index | |