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Grammar | |
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Sentence Sense | |
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Parts of speech | |
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Subjects and predicates | |
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Verbs | |
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Subjects and complements | |
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Basic sentence patterns | |
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Phrases | |
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Clauses | |
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Sentence forms | |
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Sentence Fragments | |
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Revising phrases punctuated as sentences | |
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Revising clauses punctuated as sentences | |
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Using intentional fragments | |
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Comma Splices and Fused Sentences | |
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Recognizing comma splices and fused sentences | |
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Revising comma splices and fused sentences | |
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Revising with transitional words and phrases | |
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Dividing quotations | |
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Adjectives and Adverbs | |
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Adjectives | |
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Adverbs | |
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Degrees of comparison | |
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Nouns or word groups as modifiers | |
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The double negative | |
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Pronouns and Case | |
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Kinds of pronouns | |
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Subjective, objective, or possessive case | |
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Clause as determiner of pronoun case | |
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Agreement | |
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Subject-verb agreement | |
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Pronoun-antecedent agreement | |
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Verbs | |
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Verb forms | |
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Verb tenses | |
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Voice | |
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Mood | |
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Mechanics | |
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E-documents | |
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Composing for the Web | |
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Visual elements of a Web site | |
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Graphics (tables, charts, diagrams) | |
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Format and the rhetorical purpose | |
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Format and readability | |
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Capitals | |
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Proper names, their abbreviations, and acronyms | |
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Titles that precede a person's name | |
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The first, last, and all major words in titles | |
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The first word of a sentence and of directly quoted speech | |
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Unnecessary capitals | |
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Italics | |
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Titles of separate works | |
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Foreign words | |
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Names of legal cases | |
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Names of specific ships, submarines, aircraft, spacecraft, and satellites | |
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Words, letters, or figures referred to as such | |
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Emphasized words | |
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Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Numbers | |
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Before and after proper names | |
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Addresses in correspondence | |
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In bibliographies | |
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As substitutes for certain words | |
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Acronyms | |
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Numbers | |
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Special usage for numbers | |
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Punctuation | |
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The Comma | |
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Before a coordinating conjunction that links independent clauses | |
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After introductory words, phrases, and clauses | |
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Separating parallel items such as those in a series | |
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With (nonrestrictive non-essential) elements | |
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With parenthetical elements | |
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For ease in reading | |
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Unnecessary Commas | |
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Not between subject and verb or verb and object | |
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Not after coordinating conjunctions | |
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With parenthetical words and short phrases | |
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Not with restrictive clauses, phrases, or appositives | |
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Not before the first or after the last item of a series | |
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The Semicolon | |
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Connecting independent clauses not linked by a coordinating conjunction | |
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Separating elements that contain commas | |
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Not with unequal grammatical parts | |
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The Apostrophe | |
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Indicating ownership and other relationships | |
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Marking omissions in contractions, numbers, and words | |
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Forming plurals of letters, numbers, abbreviations, and words referred to as words | |
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Quotation Marks | |
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With direct quotations, including dialogue | |
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With titles of short works | |
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For tone or emphasis of specific words | |
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With other punctuation marks | |
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The Period and Other | |
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Punctuation Marks | |
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The period | |
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The question mark | |
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The exclamation point | |
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The colon | |
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The dash | |
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Parentheses | |
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Brackets | |
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Ellipsis points | |
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The slash | |
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Spelling and Diction | |
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Spelling, the Spell Checker, and Hyphenation | |
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Spell checkers | |
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Spelling and pronunciation | |
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Spelling words that sound alike | |
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Prefixes and suffixes | |
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Confusion of ei and ie | |
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Hyphenation | |
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Good Usage | |
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Usage and the rhetorical situation | |
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Writing in a clear, straightforward style | |
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Appropriate word choice | |
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Inclusive (nonprejudiced) language | |
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Benefits of dictionaries | |
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Using a thesaurus | |
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Exactness | |
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Choosing accurate words | |
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Using fresh expressions | |
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Understanding idioms | |
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Using first and second person effectively | |
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Providing clear definitions | |
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Conciseness | |
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Making every word count | |
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Eliminating needless words | |
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Avoiding unnecessary repetition | |
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Using pronouns and elliptical constructions effectively | |
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Clarity and Completeness | |
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Adding necessary articles, conjunctions, and prepositions | |
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Including all necessary verbs and auxiliaries | |
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Making complete comparisons | |
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Completing intensifiers | |
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Effective Sentences | |
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Sentence Unity | |
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Relating ideas clearly | |
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Choosing and arranging details | |
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Avoiding mixed metaphors and mixed | |