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Preface to the Ninth Edition | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Symbols | |
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Introduction | |
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Why Study Language? | |
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Course Objectives | |
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"Good" Language? | |
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Arbitrariness in Language | |
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Animal Communication | |
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Defining "Language"? | |
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Design Features of Language | |
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The Birds and the Bees | |
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Primate Studies | |
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Phonetics | |
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What Is Phonetics? | |
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Representing Speech Sounds | |
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English Consonants | |
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English Vowels | |
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Sagittal Section Exercises | |
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English Transcription Exercises | |
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Non-English Speech Sounds | |
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Suprasegmental Features | |
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Acoustic Phonetics Overview | |
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Acoustic Characteristics of Sound | |
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Experimental Methods in Phonetics | |
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Phonology | |
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What Is Phonology? | |
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The Value of Sounds: Phonemes | |
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Phonological Rules | |
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How to Solve Phonology Exercises | |
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Phonological Analysis Exercises | |
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Sound Substitution and Phonotactic Constraints | |
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Implicational Laws | |
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Morphology | |
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Morphology: Words and Word Formation | |
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Exercises in Identifying Morphemes | |
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The Hierarchical Structure of Derived Words | |
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Morphological Processes | |
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Morphological Analysis | |
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Morphology Exercises | |
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Syntax | |
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What Is Syntax? | |
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Basic Ideas of Syntax | |
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How Sentences Express Ideas | |
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Phrase Structure | |
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Tests for Structure | |
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Word Order Typology | |
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Semantics | |
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The Goal of Semantics | |
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Theories of Meaning | |
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Lexical Semantics | |
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Compositional Semantics | |
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Color Terms | |
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Pragmatics | |
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What Is Pragmatics? | |
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Speech Acts | |
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Drawing Conclusions: Entailment and Implicature | |
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Rules of Conversation | |
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Language in Advertising | |
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Discourse Analysis | |
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Psycholinguistics | |
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What Is Psycholinguistics? | |
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Language and the Brain | |
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Theories of Language Acquisition | |
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First Language Acquisition: Acquisition of Speech Sounds and Phonology | |
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First Language Acquisition: Acquisition of Morphology, Syntax, and Word Meaning | |
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Milestones in Motor and Language Development | |
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How Adults Talk to Young Children | |
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Adult Language Processing | |
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Errors in Speech Production and Perception | |
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Language Variation | |
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Introduction to Language Variation | |
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Variation at Different Levels of Linguistic Structure | |
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Language and Socioeconomic Status | |
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Language and Region | |
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Language and Ethnicity: The Case of African-American English | |
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An Official Language for the United States? | |
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Language and Gender | |
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Variation in Speech Style | |
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Case Studies | |
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Language Variation Exercises | |
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Language Contact | |
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Language Contact | |
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Pidgin Languages | |
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Creole Languages | |
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Borrowings into English | |
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Case Studies | |
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Language Change | |
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Language Change | |
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The Family Tree and Wave Models | |
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Sound Change | |
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The Comparative Method | |
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Reconstruction Exercises | |
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Morphological Change | |
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Syntactic Change | |
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Semantic Change | |
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Milestones in the Internal and External History of English | |
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Visual Languages | |
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Visual Languages | |
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True Language? | |
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American Sign Language | |
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Language and Computers | |
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Introduction to Language and Computers | |
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Corpus Linguistics | |
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Machine Translation | |
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Speech Synthesis | |
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Communicating with Computers | |
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Language in a Wider Context | |
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Introduction to Language in a Wider Context | |
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Writing Systems | |
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The Whorf Hypothesis | |
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Color Terms | |
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Answers to Example Exercises | |
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The International Phonetic Alphabet | |
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Glossary | |
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Language Index | |
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Index | |