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| List of Illustrations | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Introducing Africa and Its History | |
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| Africa in a Global Frame | |
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| Getting the Terms of Our Discourse Straight | |
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| Themes in History: What to Look For in Our Reading | |
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| Africa and Human Origins | |
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| Africa before the Agricultural Age, 16,000-9000 B.C.E. | |
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| Africa and the World: From Gathering to Farming | |
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| Geography and Climate in African History | |
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| Afrasan Civilization | |
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| Nilo-Saharan Peoples and the Middle Nile Archeological Tradition | |
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| Niger-Congo Civilization | |
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| Khoisan Civilization | |
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| Summing Up the Period 16,000-9000 B.C.E. in Africa | |
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| Culture and Technology in Africa, 9000-3500 B.C.E. | |
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| The Environments of Agricultural Invention | |
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| Inventing Agriculture: The Eastern Sahara, 9000-5500 B.C.E. | |
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| The Aquatic Tradition of the Sudan, 9000-5500 B.C.E. | |
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| Sudanic Civilization: The Intertwining of the Sudanic Agripastoral and the Aquatic Traditions | |
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| Inventing Agriculture: The Horn of Africa and the Northern Sahara, 9000-5500 B.C.E. | |
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| Agricultural Invention: West African Planting Agriculture, 9000-5500 B.C.E. | |
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| Livelihood and Culture History in Africa, 5500-3500 B.C.E. | |
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| Themes in the History of Culture, 9000-3500 B.C.E. | |
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| Persistent Gatherer-Hunters: The Southern Third of Africa | |
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| Africa 9000-3500 B.C.E. in the Context of World History | |
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| Diverging Paths of History: Africa, 3500-1000 B.C.E. | |
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| Africa in Comparative Historical Perspective | |
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| The Spread of Agriculture into Central Africa | |
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| Cultivation and Herding Come to Eastern Africa | |
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| The Middle Frontier: Early Agriculture in the Upper Nile Region | |
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| Sahara, Sudan, and the Horn of Africa, 3500-1000 B.C.E. | |
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| New Ways of Life in Northeastern Africa | |
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| Crops and Metals in West Africa | |
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| Lands of States and Towns: Nubia and Egypt | |
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| Africa, 3500-1000 B.C.E.: What Have We Learned? | |
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| An Age of Commerce, an Age of Iron: Africa, 1000 B.C.E. to 300 C.E. | |
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| Africa in World History, 1000 B.C.E. to 300 C.E. | |
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| Eastern Africa in Its Classical Age | |
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| Western Equatorial Africa: Social and Economic Repercussions of Agricultural Expansion | |
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| Commerce, Merchants, and States: Northeastern Africa | |
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| North Africa in the Carthaginian and Roman Eras | |
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| An African Development of Commerce: West Africa, 1000 B.C.E. to 300 C.E. | |
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| Southern, Central, and Eastern Africa: The Middle Centuries, 300-1450 | |
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| Africa and the World: Issues and Themes of the Age | |
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| Subsistence and Society in Southern Africa, 300-1450 | |
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| Growth of Political Scale: The Southern Woodland Savannas and Equatorial Rainforest, 600-1450 | |
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| Eastern Africa, 300-1450 | |
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| Southern, Central, and Eastern Africa: Taking the Long View | |
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| Northeastern, West, and North Africa: The Middle Centuries, 300-1450 | |
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| Themes of Change | |
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| Northeastern Africa, 300-1450 | |
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| West Africa, 300-1450 | |
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| North Africa and the Sahara, 300-1450: Competing Legitimacies, Competing Hegemonies | |
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| Agriculture, Technology, and Culture: A Continental Overview, 300-1450 | |
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| The Early Atlantic Age, 1450-1640 | |
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| Africa and the World Enter a New Historical Era | |
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| Western Africa, 1450-1640 | |
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| Atlantic Commerce and the Coastal Hinterlands of Africa | |
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| Commerce, Religion, and Political Struggle in Northeastern Africa | |
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| Northern Africa and the Sahara | |
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| History in the Eastern and Central Sudan, 1450-1640 | |
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| History in the African Interior, 1450-1640 | |
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| Africa in the Era of the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1640-1800 | |
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| The Middle Era of the Atlantic Age: Themes and Issues | |
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| West Africa in the Era of the Slave Trade | |
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| Central Africa: The Expanding Impact of Atlantic Commerce | |
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| Southern Africa: New Pastoral and Trading Frontiers | |
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| Eastern Africa: States and Stateless Societies | |
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| Northeastern Africa: An Age of Political and Cultural Realignment | |
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| North Africa: The Decline of Ottoman Over-rule | |
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| The Close of the Eighteenth Century: A New Era Begins | |
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| Index | |