| |
| |
Preface | |
| |
| |
Acknowledgments | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology | |
| |
| |
Descriptive Terms Useful in the Study of Anatomy | |
| |
| |
Microscopic Anatomy: Animal Cells and Tissues | |
| |
| |
The General Plan of the Animal Body | |
| |
| |
| |
Anatomy and Physiology of the Cell | |
| |
| |
Properties of Life | |
| |
| |
Chemical Composition of the Cell | |
| |
| |
Microscopic Study of the Cell | |
| |
| |
The Cell Membrane | |
| |
| |
Transport Across Cell Membranes | |
| |
| |
Membrane Potentials and Excitable Cells | |
| |
| |
Membrane Receptors and Intracellular Signaling | |
| |
| |
Cytoplasm and Cytoplasmic Organelles | |
| |
| |
Nucleus | |
| |
| |
Cell Division | |
| |
| |
Regulation of Cell Growth and Replication | |
| |
| |
| |
Embryology | |
| |
| |
Development of Germ Layers | |
| |
| |
Neurulation | |
| |
| |
Differentiation of Other Tissues | |
| |
| |
| |
The Skeletal System | |
| |
| |
Functions of Bones | |
| |
| |
Terminology | |
| |
| |
Classification of Bones According to Gross Appearance | |
| |
| |
Axial Skeleton | |
| |
| |
Appendicular Skeleton | |
| |
| |
| |
Microscopic Anatomy and Growth and Development of Bone | |
| |
| |
Microscopic Anatomy and Formation of Bone | |
| |
| |
Ossification | |
| |
| |
Physiology of Bone | |
| |
| |
Fractures and Fracture Healing | |
| |
| |
Other Pathologic Conditions | |
| |
| |
| |
Joints | |
| |
| |
Classification of Joints | |
| |
| |
Movements of Joints | |
| |
| |
Types of Synovial Joints | |
| |
| |
Joints of the Axial Skeleton | |
| |
| |
Joints of the Appendicular Skeleton | |
| |
| |
Pathology of Joints and Related Structures | |
| |
| |
| |
Anatomy of the Muscular System | |
| |
| |
Types of Muscle Tissue | |
| |
| |
Functions of the Muscular System | |
| |
| |
Skeletal Muscle Organization | |
| |
| |
Muscles of the Thoracic Limb | |
| |
| |
Muscles of the Pelvic Limb | |
| |
| |
Muscles of the Head | |
| |
| |
Muscles of the Trunk and Neck | |
| |
| |
| |
Microscopic Anatomy and Physiology of Muscle | |
| |
| |
Skeletal Muscle | |
| |
| |
Smooth Muscle | |
| |
| |
Cardiac Muscle | |
| |
| |
| |
Anatomy of the Nervous System | |
| |
| |
Microscopic Neuroanatomy | |
| |
| |
Embryology | |
| |
| |
Central Nervous System | |
| |
| |
Peripheral Nervous System | |
| |
| |
Autonomic Nervous System | |
| |
| |
Enteric Nervous System | |
| |
| |
| |
Physiology of the Nervous | |
| |
| |
System | |
| |
| |
Physiology of the Nerve Impulse | |
| |
| |
Synaptic Transmission | |
| |
| |
Neurotransmitters | |
| |
| |
Neural Control of Skeletal Muscle | |
| |
| |
Physiology of the Autonomic Nervous System | |
| |
| |
Regeneration and Repair in the Nervous System | |
| |
| |
| |
Sense Organs 185 | |
| |
| |
Sensory Receptors | |
| |
| |
Somatosensation | |
| |
| |
Visceral Sensations | |
| |
| |
Chemical Senses | |
| |
| |
Hearing and Balance | |
| |
| |
Vision | |
| |
| |
| |
Endocrinology | |
| |
| |
Hormones and Their Receptors | |
| |
| |
Cellular Effects of Peptide Hormones | |
| |
| |
Cellular Effects of Steroid and Thyroid Hormones | |
| |
| |
Negative and Positive Feedback Regulation | |
| |
| |
Hypothalamopituitary Axis | |
| |
| |
Hormones of the Neurohypophysis | |
| |
| |
Hormones of the Adenohypophysis | |
| |
| |
Other Endocrine Glands | |
| |
| |
| |
The Integument | |
| |
| |
Integument | |
| |
| |
Skin | |
| |
| |
Adnexa of the Skin | |
| |
| |
Modified Epidermis | |
| |
| |
Coat Color in Horses | |
| |
| |
Wool | |
| |
| |
| |
The Equine Foot and Passive Stay | |
| |
| |
Apparatus | |
| |
| |
Structure of the Foot | |
| |
| |
Function | |
| |
| |
Stay Apparatus | |
| |
| |
| |
Blood and Other Body Fluids | |
| |
| |
Blood | |
| |
| |
Plasma and Serum | |
| |
| |
Blood pH | |
| |
| |
Hemostasis and Coagulation | |
| |
| |
Lymph | |
| |
| |
Serous Fluids | |
| |
| |
| |
Body Defenses and the Immune | |
| |
| |
System | |
| |
| |
Nonspecific Defenses | |
| |
| |
Specific Immune Response | |
| |
| |
B Lymphocytes | |
| |
| |
Immunoglobulins | |
| |
| |
T Cells and Cell-Mediated Immunity | |
| |
| |
Lymphocyte Origin, Development, and Residence | |
| |
| |
Active and Passive Immunities | |
| |
| |
Immunological Surveillance | |
| |
| |
Lymphatic System | |
| |
| |
| |
Anatomy of the Cardiovascular | |
| |
| |
System | |
| |
| |
Heart | |
| |
| |
Vessels | |
| |
| |
Pulmonary Circulation | |
| |
| |
Systemic Circulation | |
| |
| |
Veins | |
| |
| |
Fetal Circulation | |
| |
| |
| |
Physiology of the Heart and Circulation | |
| |
| |
Basic Design and Function of the Cardiovascular System | |
| |
| |
Cardiac Cycle | |
| |
| |
Electrical Activity of the Heart | |
| |
| |
Cardiac Output and Its Regulation | |
| |
| |
Structure and Function of Blood Vessels | |
| |
| |
Regulation of Arterial Blood Pressure and Blood Volume | |
| |
| |
Cardiovascular Function During Exercise and Hypovolemia | |
| |
| |
| |
The Respiratory System | |
| |
| |
Upper Respiratory Tract | |
| |
| |
Thorax | |
| |
| |
Physiology of Respiration | |
| |
| |
| |
Anatomy of the Digestive System | |
| |
| |
Organization of the Digestive System | |
| |
| |
Mouth | |
| |
| |
Pharynx | |
| |
| |
Esophagus | |
| |
| |
Nonruminant Stomach | |
| |
| |
Ruminant Stomach | |
| |
| |
Small Intestine | |
| |
| |
Large Intestine | |
| |
| |
Peritoneal Features | |
| |
| |
Accessory Digestive Organs | |
| |
| |
| |
Physiology of Digestion | |
| |
| |
Pregastric Physiology | |
| |
| |
Ruminant Forestomach | |
| |
| |
Gastric Physiology | |
| |
| |
Physiology of the Small Intestine, Exocrine | |
| |
| |
Pancreas, and Liver | |
| |
| |
Physiology of the Cecum and Colon | |
| |
| |
Rectum and Defecation | |
| |
| |
| |
Nutrition and Metabolism | |
| |
| |
Nutrition | |
| |
| |
Metabolism | |
| |
| |
| |
The Urinary System | |
| |
| |
Anatomy of the Kidney | |
| |
| |
Ureters, Urinary Bladder, and Urethra | |
| |
| |
Micturition | |
| |
| |
Overview of Function and Histology of the Kidneys | |
| |
| |
Glomerular Filtration | |
| |
| |
Proximal Tubule Transport | |
| |
| |
Concentration and Dilution of Urine: Role of the Loop of Henle and Collecting Duct Transport | |
| |
| |
Sodium, Potassium, and Aldosterone | |
| |
| |
Urine Acidification | |
| |
| |
Regulation of Acid-Base Balance | |
| |
| |
| |
Anatomy of the Male Reproductive | |
| |
| |
System | |
| |
| |
Testis | |
| |
| |
Epididymis | |
| |
| |
Ductus Deferens | |
| |
| |
Scrotum | |
| |
| |
Inguinal Canal | |
| |
| |
Descent of the Testis | |
| |
| |
Castration | |
| |
| |
Accessory Sex Glands | |
| |
| |
Penis | |
| |
| |
Prepuce | |
| |
| |
Muscles of the Male Genitalia | |
| |
| |
Blood and Nerve Supply of the Male | |
| |
| |
Genitalia | |
| |
| |
| |
Physiology of Male Reproduction | |
| |
| |
Seminiferous Tubules and Spermatogenesis | |
| |
| |
Epididymis | |
| |
| |
Semen and Semen Technology | |
| |
| |
Hormones of Male Reproduction | |
| |
| |
Erection and Ejaculation | |
| |
| |
| |
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive | |
| |
| |
System | |
| |
| |
Ovaries | |
| |
| |
Uterine Tubes | |
| |
| |
Uterus | |
| |
| |
Vagina | |
| |
| |
Vestibule and Vulva | |
| |
| |
Blood and Nerve Supply of the Female Reproductive Tract | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
The Ovary and Estrous Cycles | |
| |
| |
Oogenesis | |
| |
| |
Ovulation | |
| |
| |
Corpus Luteum | |
| |
| |
Phases of the Estrous Cycle | |
| |
| |
Specifics of Selected Estrous Cycles | |
| |
| |
| |
Pregnancy and Parturition | |
| |
| |
Fertilization | |
| |
| |
Implantation and Placentation | |
| |
| |
Hormones of Pregnancy | |
| |
| |
Pregnancy Diagnosis | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Fetal Presentations and Delivery | |
| |
| |
Dystocia | |
| |
| |
| |
Anatomy and Physiology of the Mammary Glands | |
| |
| |
Mammary Glands of the Cow | |
| |
| |
Microscopic Anatomy of the Mammary | |
| |
| |
Gland | |
| |
| |
Mammary Glands of Swine | |
| |
| |
Mammary Glands of Sheep and Goats | |
| |
| |
Mammary Glands of the Horse | |
| |
| |
Physiology of Lactation | |
| |
| |
| |
Poultry | |
| |
| |
Integument | |
| |
| |
Body Design | |
| |
| |
Skeleton and Bone | |
| |
| |
Musculature | |
| |
| |
Gastrointestinal System | |
| |
| |
Respiratory System | |
| |
| |
Cardiovascular System | |
| |
| |
Lymphatic System | |
| |
| |
Urinary System | |
| |
| |
Female Reproductive System | |
| |
| |
Male Reproductive System | |
| |
| |
Sex Chromosomes | |
| |
| |
Reproduction and Photoperiods | |
| |
| |
Appendix: Abbreviations | |
| |
| |
Bibliography | |
| |
| |
Index | |