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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Preface for Instructors/Supervisors | |
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| Preface for Students/Trainees | |
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| Types of Interviewing Skills Indexed by Chapter: Table 1 | |
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| Diagnoses Indexed by Chapter: Table 2 | |
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| Conceptual Issues Indexed by Chapter: Table 3 | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Interviewing Skills Highlighted in the Text | |
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| Why Were Certain Skills Selected? | |
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| What Is Attending Behavior? | |
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| What Is Verbal Attending? | |
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| What Is Nonverbal Attending? | |
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| Responding to Nonverbal Behavior | |
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| Identifying Nonverbal Behavior | |
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| Identifying Feelings | |
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| What Are Open-Ended and Closed Questions? | |
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| Using Open-Ended Questions | |
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| Using Closed Questions | |
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| Further Examples of Open-Ended and Closed Questions | |
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| What Are Reflective Listening Comments? | |
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| Examples of Reflective Listening | |
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| What Is an Empathetic Comment? | |
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| Empathetic Comments That Show Clients You Understand Them | |
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| Empathetic Comments That Validate Clients' Experiences | |
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| Empathetic Comments to Support Emotional Control | |
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| Further Examples of Empathetic Comments in Response to Client Information | |
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| What Is Summarizing? | |
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| Summarizing to Demonstrate Listening | |
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| Summarizing to Highlight Themes | |
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| Summarizing as a Transition | |
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| Summarizing to Decrease Emotional Intensity | |
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| What Is Redirecting? | |
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| Redirecting for Clarity | |
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| Redirecting to Prevent Avoidance | |
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| Redirecting to Change the Subject | |
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| What Is Supportive Confrontation? | |
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| When Do You Make a Supportive Confrontation? | |
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| How Do You Make a Supportive Confrontation? | |
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| What Is a Process Comment? | |
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| Describing a Client's Interpersonal Pattern Across Relationships | |
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| Describing the Interpersonal Process Between Client and Interviewer | |
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| Issues in Human Diversity During Interviewing | |
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| Highlighted Diagnostic Practice | |
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| Start the Diagnostic Process With a Thorough Intake Interview | |
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| Be Aware of the Limited Nature of Your Information | |
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| Ask Questions That Would Rule Out Diagnoses | |
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| Consider Your Diagnostic Choices | |
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| Be Stringent in Your Use of Diagnostic Criteria | |
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| Double-Check Your Clinical Judgment | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Adult Profiles for Use in Individual Sessions | |
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| Preface to Part II | |
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| Taking the Client Role | |
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| Taking the Interviewer Role | |
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| What Will Be Kept Confidential? | |
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| Does the Client Differ From You in Important Ways? | |
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| Case of Monisha: Presenting Issues-College Adjustment, Academic Pressure | |
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| Monisha, African-American (age 18) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Monisha with a highlighted diagnosis of Adjustment Disorder | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Monisha, highlighting the skills of responding to nonverbal behavior and open-ended and closed questions | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Monisha from the interviewer's perspective, highlighting the decision to take a narrow versus wide focus to treatment | |
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| Case of Jie: Presenting Issues-School Performance, Culture | |
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| Jie, Taiwanese (age 18) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Jie with a highlighted comparison between Anxiety Disorder and Adjustment Disorder | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Jie, highlighting the skills of nonverbal attending, responding to nonverbal behavior, and summarizing | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Jie from the interviewer's perspective, highlighting cultural issues in developing rapport and developing a treatment plan | |
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| Case of Brenda: Issues-Parenting Young Children, Identity Shift | |
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| Brenda, European-American (age 30) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Brenda with a highlighted diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Brenda, highlighting the skills of summarizing and reflective listening | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Brenda from the interviewer's perspective, highlighting the areas of development, gender, and medication | |
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| Case of Aaron: Presenting Issues-Hallucinations, Substance Abuse | |
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| Aaron, African-American (age 25) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Aaron with a highlighted comparison of Schizophrenia and Substance-Related Disorders | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Aaron, highlighting the skills of nonverbal attending, open-ended and closed questions, reflective listening, and empathetic comments | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Aaron from the interviewer's perspective, focusing on reactions to psychotic thinking | |
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| Case of Mary: Presenting Issues-Depression, Anxiety | |
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| Mary, European-American (age 55) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Mary with a highlighted comparison between Major Depressive Disorder and Bereavement | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Mary, highlighting the skills of nonverbal attending, open-ended and closed questions, reflective listening, and empathetic comments | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Mary from the interviewer's perspective, focusing on sexual orientation, suicide, and religion as a cultural influence | |
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| Case of Mark: Issues-Survival Guilt, Career Confusion | |
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| Mark, European-American (age 18) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Mark with a highlighted diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Mark, highlighting the skills of reflective listening, empathetic comments, and redirecting | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Mark from the interviewer's perspective, focusing on reactions to trauma | |
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| Case of Sarah: Issues-Husband With Alzheimer's Disease, Family Pressure | |
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| Sarah, European-American (age 70) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Sarah with a highlighted diagnosis of Adjustment Disorder | |
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| Exercises for deepending the interview with Sarah, highlighting the skills of redirecting and responding to nonverbal behavior | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Sarah from the interviewer's perspective, with emphasis on personal boundaries and health | |
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| Case of David: Presenting Issues-Substance Abuse, Employment | |
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| David, European-American (age 34) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for David with a highlighted diagnosis of Substance-Related Disorders | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with David, highlighting the skills of open-ended and closed questions, supportive confrontation, and redirecting | |
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| Exercises for thinking about David from the interviewer's perspective, with emphases on client sexual overtures and substance use | |
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| Case of Lisa: Presenting Issues-Marital Difficulties, Life Changes | |
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| Lisa, European-American (age 45) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Lisa with highlighted diagnoses of Adjustment Disorder and Phase of Life Problem | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Lisa, highlighting the skills of summarizing and process comments | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Lisa from the interviewer's perspective, focusing on gender roles and health issues | |
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| Case of Gary: Presenting Issues-Aggression, Substance Abuse | |
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| Gary, European-American (age 24) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Gary, with a highlighted comparison of Intermittent Explosive Disorder and Substance-Related Disorders | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Gary, highlighting the skills of nonverbal attending, empathetic comments, supportive confrontation, and process comments | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Gary from the interviewer's perspective, with the focuses being danger to others and substance abuse | |
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| Child and Teen Profiles for Use in Individual Sessions | |
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| Preface to Part III | |
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| Taking the Client Role | |
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| Taking the Interviewer Role | |
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| What Will Be Kept Confidential? | |
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| What Do Children Understand? | |
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| Use Simple Language | |
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| Use Directed and Concretely Focused Questions | |
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| Focus on One Clear Issue at a Time | |
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| How Are Children and Teens Going to Communicate With You? | |
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| Does the Client Differ From You in Important Ways? | |
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| Case of Cynthia: Issues-Eating Disorder, Emerging Sexuality | |
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| Cynthia, European-American (age 13) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Cynthia, with a highlighted comparison of Bulimia Nervosa and Eating Disorder NOS | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Cynthia, highlighting the skills of empathetic comments, summarizing, and open-ended and closed questions | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Cynthia from the interviewer's perspective, highlighting the areas of development, absent father, and culture | |
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| Case of Jeffrey: Issues-Social Alienation, School Failure | |
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| Jeffrey, European-American (age 16) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Jeffrey, with a highlighted comparison of Major Depressive Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Jeffrey, highlighting the skills of responding to nonverbal behavior, empathetic comments, and reflective listening | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Jeffrey from the interviewer's perspective, focusing on the issues of suicide and violence | |
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| Case of Melissa: Presenting Issues-Divorce, Shared Custody | |
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| Melissa, European-American (age 10) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Melissa, with a highlighted diagnosis of Adjustment Disorder | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Melissa, highlighting the skills of responding to nonverbal behavior, reflective listening, empathetic comments, and open-ended and closed questions | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Melissa from the interviewer's perspective, emphasizing issues of custody, confidentiality, and individual versus family treatment | |
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| Case of Edward: Presenting Issues-Single-Parent Family, Acculturation | |
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| Edward, African-American (age 12) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Edward, with a highlighted diagnosis of Learning Disorder | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Edward, highlighting the skills of responding to nonverbal behavior and open-ended and closed questions | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Edward from the interviewer's perspective, focusing on single-parent family, culture, and poverty | |
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| Case of Raoul: Presenting Issues-Racial Prejudice, Substance Use | |
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| Raoul, Mexican-American (age 17) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Raoul, with a highlighted comparison between Conduct Disorder and Substance-Related Disorders | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Raoul, highlighting the skills of reflective listening, empathetic comments, supportive confrontation, and process comments | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Raoul from the interviewer's perspective, with emphases on racism, poverty, and confidentiality | |
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| Case of Erica: Presenting Issues-Bereavement, Behavior Problems | |
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| Erica, European-American (age 7) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Erica, with a highlighted comparison between Adjustment Disorder and Bereavement | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Erica, highlighting the skills of nonverbal attending, responding to nonverbal behavior, open-ended questioning, and redirecting | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Erica from the interviewer's perspective, focusing on development, religion, and personal boundaries | |
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| Case of Joseph: Presenting Issues-Abandonment, Aggression | |
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| Joseph, biracial Puerto Rican/Caucasian (age 10) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Joseph, with a highlighted comparison between Conduct Disorder and Separation Anxiety Disorder | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Joseph, highlighting the skills of responding to nonverbal behavior, empathetic comments, reflective listening, and supportive confrontation | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Joseph from the interviewer's perspective, highlighting custody, poverty, and biracial identity development | |
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| Case of Sabina: Issues-Acculturation Conflicts, Emancipation | |
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| Sabina, Bangladeshi-American (age 16) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Sabina, with a highlighted comparison between Identity Problem and Child or Adolescent Antisocial Disorder | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Sabina, highlighting the skills of nonverbal attending, empathetic comments, reflectie listening, open-ended and closed questions, and process comments | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Sabina from the interviewer's perspective, with highlighted areas being culture and religion | |
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| Case of Alex: Presenting Issues-Neglect, Behavior Problems | |
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| Alex, European-American (age 8) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Alex, with a highlighted comparison between Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Parent-Child Relational Problem | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Alex, highlighting the skills of responding to nonverbal behavior, summarization, and redirecting | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Alex from the interviewer's perspective, with focus on responding to aggression | |
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| Case of Cathy: Presenting Issues-Sexual Abuse, Abandonment | |
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| Cathy, European-American (age 11) role-play material | |
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| Exercises for developing a multiaxial diagnosis for Cathy, with a highlighted comparison between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Sexual Abuse of Child | |
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| Exercises for deepening the interview with Cathy, highlighting the skills of empathetic comments, summarization, and process comments | |
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| Exercises for thinking about Cathy from the interviewer's perspective, with highlighted areas being sexual orientation and sexual overtures from clients | |
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| References | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| Supervisory Feedback Worksheet | |
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| Interviewing Skills Worksheets | |