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| List of Figures and Tables | |
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| Preface to the Third Edition | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Classic Models | |
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| Classical Democracy: Athens | |
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| Political ideals and aims | |
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| Institutional features | |
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| The exclusivity of ancient democracy | |
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| The critics | |
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| In sum: model I | |
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| Republicanism: Liberty, Self-Government and the Active Citizen | |
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| The eclipse and re-emergence of homo politicus | |
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| The reforging of republicanism | |
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| Republicanism, elective government and popular sovereignty | |
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| From civic life to civic glory | |
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| The republic and the general will | |
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| In sum: model IIa | |
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| In sum: model IIb | |
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| The public and the private | |
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| The Development of Liberal Democracy: For and Against the State | |
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| Power and sovereignty | |
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| Citizenship and the constitutional state | |
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| Separation of powers | |
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| The problem of factions | |
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| Accountability and markets | |
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| In sum: model IIIa | |
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| Liberty and the development of democracy | |
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| The dangers of despotic power and an overgrown state | |
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| Representative government | |
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| The subordination of women | |
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| Competing conceptions of the 'ends of government' | |
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| In sum: model IIIb | |
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| Direct Democracy and the End of Politics | |
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| Class and class conflict | |
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| History as evolution and the development of capitalism | |
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| Two theories of the state | |
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| The end of politics | |
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| Competing conceptions of Marxism | |
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| In sum: model IV | |
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| Variants from the Twentieth Century | |
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| Competitive Elitism and the Technocratic Vision | |
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| Classes, power and conflict | |
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| Bureaucracy, parliaments and nation-states | |
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| Competitive elitist democracy | |
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| Liberal democracy at the crossroads | |
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| The last vestige of democracy? | |
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| Democracy, capitalism and socialism | |
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| 'Classical' v. modern democracy | |
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| A technocratic vision | |
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| In sum: model V | |
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| Pluralism, Corporate Capitalism and the State | |
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| Group politics, governments and power | |
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| Politics, consensus and the distribution of power | |
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| Democracy, corporate capitalism and the state | |
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| Accumulation, legitimation and the restricted sphere of the political | |
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| In sum: model VI | |
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| The changing form of representative institutions | |
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| From Postwar Stability to Political Crisis: The Polarization of Political Ideals | |
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| A legitimate democratic order or a repressive regime? | |
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| Overloaded state or legitimation crisis? | |
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| Crisis theories: an assessment | |
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| Law, liberty and democracy | |
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| In sum: model VII | |
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| Participation, liberty and democracy | |
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| In sum: model VIII | |
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| Democracy after Soviet Communism | |
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| The historical backdrop | |
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| The triumph of economic and political liberalism? | |
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| The renewed necessity of Marxism and democracy from 'below'? | |
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| Deliberative Democracy and the Defence of the Public Realm | |
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| Reason and participation | |
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| The limits of democratic theory | |
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| The aims of deliberative democracy | |
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| What is sound public reasoning? Impartialism and its critics | |
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| Institutions of deliberative democracy | |
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| Value pluralism and democracy | |
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| In sum: model IX | |
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| What Should Democracy Mean Today? | |
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| Democratic Autonomy | |
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| The appeal of democracy | |
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| The principle of autonomy | |
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| Enacting the principle | |
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| The heritage of classic and twentieth-century democratic theory | |
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| Democracy: a double-sided process | |
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| Democratic autonomy: compatibilities and incompatibilities | |
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| In sum: model Xa | |
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| Democracy, the Nation-State and the Global System | |
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| Democratic legitimacy and borders | |
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| Regional and global flows: old and new | |
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| Sovereignty, autonomy and disjunctures | |
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| Rethinking democracy for a more global age: the cosmopolitan model | |
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| In sum: model Xb | |
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| A utopian project? | |
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| Acknowledgements | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |