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| Preface to the Fifth Edition | |
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| To the Student | |
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| To the Teacher | |
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| Introduction to Chemistry | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Chemistry is ... ? | |
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| Matter and Energy | |
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| Measurement and the Metric System | |
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| Metric Prefixes | |
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| Scientific Notation | |
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| Volume and Density | |
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| Reporting Measured Quantities | |
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| Solving Problems | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Atoms, Molecules, and ions | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Introduction to the Atomic Model of Matter | |
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| Development of the Early Models of the Atom | |
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| The Current View of Atomic Structure | |
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| Identifying Elements: Names, Symbols, and Atomic Numbers | |
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| Neutrons, Isotopes, and Mass Numbers | |
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| Molecules | |
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| Ions | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Formulas, Equations, and Chemical Reactions | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Chemical Formulas | |
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| Writing and Naming Chemical Formulas | |
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| Chemical Equations | |
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| Balancing a Chemical Equation | |
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| Classifying Chemical Reactions | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| Other Ways of Naming Ionic Compounds | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Chemical Calculations | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Atomic Mass | |
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| The Formula Mass of a Substance | |
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| The Mole Concept and Molar Mass | |
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| Problems Involving a Single Substance | |
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| Problems Involving Chemical Equations | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| Converting Between Moles and Numbers of Particles | |
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| Empirical Formula from Percent Composition | |
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| Mole-Mass Problems | |
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| Mass-Mass Problems | |
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| Percent Yield | |
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| Limiting Reactants | |
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| End-of Chapter Questions | |
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| Energy and Chemical Reactions | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Energy and its Measurement | |
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| Heat of Reaction | |
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| Potential Energy Diagrams | |
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| Spontaneous Reactions | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| Additional Calorimetry Problems | |
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| Transfer of Energy and Equilibrium Temperature | |
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| The Role of Energy in Chemical Reactions | |
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| Additional Aspects of Heats of Reaction | |
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| The Second Law of Thermodynamics | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| The Phases of Matter | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Gases | |
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| The Gas Laws | |
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| The Kinetic-Molecular Theory (KMT) of Gas Behavior | |
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| Liquids | |
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| Solids | |
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| Change of Phase | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| Measuring Gas Pressure in the Laboratory | |
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| The Ideal (Universal) Gas Law | |
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| The Density of an Ideal Gas at STP | |
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| Gases and Chemical Reactions | |
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| Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures | |
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| Graham's Law of Effusion (Diffusion) | |
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| Gases Collected over Water | |
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| Additional Fusion and Vaporization Problems | |
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| Phase Diagrams | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Nuclear Chemistry | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Nuclear Particles | |
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| Nuclear Equations | |
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| Natural Radioactivity and Radioactive Decay | |
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| Half-Life | |
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| Uses of Radioisotopes | |
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| Induced Nuclear Reactions | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| The Uranium-238 Decay Series | |
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| Isomeric Transition | |
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| Detection and Measurement of Radioactivity | |
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| Solving Radioactive Decay Problems | |
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| Particle Accelerators | |
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| Fission Reactors | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| The Electronic Structure of Atoms | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Bohr Model of the Atom | |
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| The Modern (Wave-Mechanical) Model | |
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| Valence Electrons | |
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| Lewis Structures (Electron-Dot Diagrams) | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| Atomic Orbitals and Sublevels | |
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| Electron Configurations of Atoms | |
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| Lewis Structures and Atomic Orbitals | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Chemical Periodicity | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Periodic Table in History | |
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| The Modern Periodic Table | |
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| Properties Associated with Periodicity | |
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| Variation of Periodic Properties Among the Elements | |
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| The Chemistry of the Representative Groups | |
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| The Chemistry of a Period | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| Sublevels and the Periodic Table | |
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| Successive Ionization Energies | |
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| Electron Affinity | |
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| Additional Aspects of First Ionization Energy | |
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| Variation of Successive Ionization Energies | |
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| Synthetic Elements | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Chemical Bonding and Molecular Shape | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Bonding and Stability | |
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| Ionic Bonding | |
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| Covalent Bonding | |
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| Electronegativity and Bonding | |
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| Drawing the Lewis Structures of Covalent Molecules and Polyatomic Ions | |
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| Network Solids | |
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| Metallic Substances | |
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| Dipoles and Polar Molecules | |
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| Polarity and Molecular Symmetry | |
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| Intermolecular Forces | |
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| Physical and Chemical Properties of Bonded Substances: A Summary | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| Resonance Structures | |
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| Additional Topics in Bonding | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Organic Chemistry | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Organic Chemistry Is ... ? | |
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| Comparison of Organic and Inorganic Compounds | |
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| Hydrocarbons and Homologous Series | |
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| Functional Groups | |
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| Organic Reactions | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| Stereoisomerism | |
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| The Benzene Series | |
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| Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Alcohols | |
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| Dihydroxy and Trihodroxy Alcohols | |
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| Types of Polymerization | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Solutions and Their Properties | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| A Solution Is ... ? | |
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| Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions | |
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| Solubility | |
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| Concentrations of Solutions | |
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| Effect of the Solute on the Solvent | |
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| Behavior of Electrolytes in Solution | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| Mole Fraction | |
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| Molality | |
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| Dilution of Stock Solutions | |
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| Solutions and Chemical Equations | |
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| Calculating the Freezing and Boiling Points of Solutions | |
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| Suspensions and Colloidal Dispersions | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Kinetics and Equalibrium | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Chemical Kinetics | |
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| Reversible Reactions and Dynamic Equilibrium | |
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| Phase Equilibrium | |
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| Solution Equilibrium | |
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| Chemical Equilibrium | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| The Common-Ion Effect | |
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| Heterogeneous Equilibrium | |
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| The Equilibrium Constant (Keq) | |
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| Problems Involving the Equilibrium Constant | |
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| Applications of Chemical Equilibrium | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Acids and Bases | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| Operational Definitions of Acids and Bases | |
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| Arrhenius Definitions of Acids and Bases | |
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| Acid-Base Titration | |
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| Br�nsted-Lowry Definitions of Acids and Bases | |
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| The pH Scale of Acidity and Basicity | |
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| Acid-Base Indicators | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| Amphiprotic (Amphoteric) Substances | |
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| Acid-Base Equilibria | |
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| Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs | |
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| Neutralization (Revisited) | |
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| Strengths of Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs | |
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| Ionization Constants of Acids and Bases (K<sub>a</sub> and K<sub>b</sub>) | |
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| Ionization Constant of Water (K<sub>w</sub>) | |
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| A More Detailed Look at pH and pOH | |
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| Hydrolysis of Salts in Aqueous Solutions | |
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| Acid-Base Properties of Oxides | |
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| Lewis Definitions of Acids and Bases | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Reducation-oxidation(Redox) and Electrochemistry | |
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| Basic (Regents-Level) Material | |
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| NYS Regents Concepts and Skills | |
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| What Are Oxidation and Reduction? | |
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| Formal Definitions of Oxidation and Reduction | |
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| Redox Equations | |
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| Spontaneous Redox Reactions | |
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| Electrochemical Cells | |
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| Additional Material | |
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| Balancing Redox Equations by the Half-ReactionMethod | |
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| Balancing Redox Equations by the Ion-ElectronMethod | |
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| Half-Cell Potentials and Cell Voltage | |
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| The Standard Hydrogen Half-Cell | |
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| Electrolysis of Water and Aqueous NaCl (Brine) | |
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| Electroplating | |
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| Additional Applications of Redox and Electrochemistry | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| The Chemistry Laboratory | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Safety Procedures | |
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| Using Measuring Devices | |
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| Basic Laboratory Skills | |
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| Identification of Common Laboratory Apparatus | |
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| Basic Laboratory Activities | |
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| The Role of Color in Identifying Substances | |
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| Guidelines for Laboratory Reports | |
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| End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Glossary | |
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| New York State Regents Reference Tables For Chemistry | |
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| Additional Reference Tables For Chemistry | |
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| Answers To End-Of-Chapter Questions | |
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| Answering Constructed-Response Questions | |
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| The New York State Examination In Chemistry | |
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| June 2011 Regents Examination | |
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| Answers To Regents Examination | |
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| Index | |