| |
| |
| |
| Setting the Stage | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Singular Theme | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thinking Small | |
| |
| |
| |
| Using Microscopy to Explore the Cell and Beyond | |
| |
| |
| |
| Parts and Wholes | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Way Science Works | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Way Life Works--The Basic Idea | |
| |
| |
| |
| Patterns: An Overview of the Basic Concepts of Biology | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Builds from the Bottom Up | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Assembles Itself Into Chains | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Needs an Inside and an Outside | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Uses a Few Themes to Generate Many Variations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Organizes with Information | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Encourages Variety by Recombining Information | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Creates with Mistakes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Occurs in Water | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Runs on Sugar | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Works in Cycles | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Recycles Everything it Uses | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Maintains Itself by Turnover | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Tends to Optimize Rather Than Maximize | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Is Opportunistic | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Competes Within a Cooperative Framework | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life Is Interconnected and Interdependent | |
| |
| |
| |
| Energy--Light To Life | |
| |
| |
| |
| Making Bonds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Molecular Changes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life and The Laws of Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
| ATP--The Energy Molecule | |
| |
| |
| |
| Enzymes--Life's Clever Workers | |
| |
| |
| |
| Enzymes and ATP--A Dynamic Duo | |
| |
| |
| |
| Energy Flow Through Life--A Macro View | |
| |
| |
| |
| Energy Flow Through Life--A Micro View | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Chloroplast Ballroom | |
| |
| |
| |
| Photosynthesis--Using Sunlight to Make Sugar | |
| |
| |
| |
| Three Cheers for Carbon | |
| |
| |
| |
| Respiration--Breaking Down Sugar to Make ATP | |
| |
| |
| |
| Glycolysis | |
| |
| |
| |
| Getting Energy to the Community | |
| |
| |
| |
| Information--The Storehouse of Know-How | |
| |
| |
| |
| Why Life Must Come From Life | |
| |
| |
| |
| An Abbreviated History of Genetic Discoveries | |
| |
| |
| |
| Life's Coding and Decoding Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
| DNA--What Does It Actually Say? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nucleotides, Letters On A Backbone | |
| |
| |
| |
| DNA--Base Pairs and Weak Bonds | |
| |
| |
| |
| DNA--The Double Helix | |
| |
| |
| |
| DNA--Creating Its Own Future | |
| |
| |
| |
| How Enzymes Copy DNA | |
| |
| |
| |
| Genomes | |
| |
| |
| |
| DNA Repair | |
| |
| |
| |
| Permanent Changes to DNA | |
| |
| |
| |
| DNA to RNA: Copying Genes Into Messengers | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Chicken/Egg Problem | |
| |
| |
| |
| DNA Packaging | |
| |
| |
| |
| Machinery--Building Smart Parts | |
| |
| |
| |
| About Proteins | |
| |
| |
| |
| Multiplying Small Effects | |
| |
| |
| |
| Proteins Are Chains Made From Twenty Amino Acids | |
| |
| |
| |
| How Orders Translate Into Assembled Boxes of Donuts | |
| |
| |
| |
| How DNA Information Translates Into a Working Protein | |
| |
| |
| |
| From DNA to Protein--a Multistep Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Translation | |
| |
| |
| |
| DNA to RNA to Protein | |
| |
| |
| |
| Key Discovery | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Unity of Biology | |
| |
| |
| |
| Feedback--Signaling, Sensing, Reacting | |
| |
| |
| |
| Assembly Lines | |
| |
| |
| |
| Circular Information | |
| |
| |
| |
| Allostery--The Key To Feedback Control | |
| |
| |
| |
| Why Allostery? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Allostery and Molecular Communication | |
| |
| |
| |
| Higher-Level Control | |
| |
| |
| |
| When You Can't Get It, Make It Yourself | |
| |
| |
| |
| Chemotaxis: How Chemical Signaling Creates Purposeful Movement | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introducing the Adventures of a Slime Mold | |
| |
| |
| |
| Feedback in Neural Circuits | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cascading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ecology Loops | |
| |
| |
| |
| Death on the Wing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Community--E Pluribus Unum | |
| |
| |
| |
| Emergence | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Emergence of Higher-Level Behavior | |
| |
| |
| |
| From One-Celled to Many-Celled Creatures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Embryo Development--From One Cell to Many | |
| |
| |
| |
| Organizing a Body | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cell Signaling | |
| |
| |
| |
| Organizing a Body--Part II | |
| |
| |
| |
| Organizing a Body--Part III | |
| |
| |
| |
| Genes as Switches | |
| |
| |
| |
| Organizing a Body--Part IV | |
| |
| |
| |
| How Cells Differentiate | |
| |
| |
| |
| Positional Signals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cell Death | |
| |
| |
| |
| Organizing a Body--Part V | |
| |
| |
| |
| Roots | |
| |
| |
| |
| Evolution--A Pattern for Creation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Evolution of a New World View | |
| |
| |
| |
| Further Evidence Supporting Natural Selection | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Origins of Life | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Brief History of Life | |
| |
| |
| |
| Small Changes Add Up to Big Differences | |
| |
| |
| |
| Big Changes Over Time: The Results of Combined Innovations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Writing Poetry Evolution's Way | |
| |
| |
| |
| Even a Small Advantage Tends to Survive and Multiply | |
| |
| |
| |
| Multiple Changes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Variation and Selection | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sex | |
| |
| |
| |
| Why Do It? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mutations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Evolutionary Breakthroughs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mobile Information | |
| |
| |
| |
| Viruses | |
| |
| |
| |
| How New Species Arise | |
| |
| |
| |
| Co-Evolution | |
| |
| |
| |
| Can Habits Be Inherited? | |
| |
| |
| |
| An Experiment in Evolution | |
| |
| |
| |
| Evidence of Relatedness | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Evolution of Intelligence | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cultural Evolution | |
| |
| |
| Glossary | |
| |
| |
| Notes | |
| |
| |
| Answers | |
| |
| |
| Credits | |
| |
| |
| Index | |