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| Foreword to the 25th Anniversary Edition | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Environmental Ethics and Human Ethics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Moral Agents and Moral Subjects | |
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| Formal Conditions for Valid Moral Principles | |
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| Material Conditions for Valid Moral Principles: The Content of Human Ethics | |
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| The Structural Symmetry between Human Ethics and Environmental Ethics | |
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| Biology and Ethics | |
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| A Note on the Ethics of the Bioculture | |
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| The Attitude of Respect for Nature | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Concept of the Good of a Being | |
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| The Concept of Inherent Worth | |
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| Having and Expressing the Attitude of Respect for Nature | |
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| Respect for Nature as an Ultimate Attitude | |
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| The Biocentric Outlook on Nature | |
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| The Biocentric Outlook and the Attitude of Respect for Nature | |
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| Humans as Members of the Earth's Community of Life | |
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| The Natural World as a System of Interdependence | |
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| Individual Organisms as Teleological Centers of Life | |
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| The Denial of Human Superiority | |
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| The Argument for the Biocentric Outlook | |
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| The Ethical System | |
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| The Basic Rules of Conduct | |
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| Priority Principles | |
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| The Basic Standards of Virtue | |
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| Do Animals and Plants Have Rights? | |
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| Legal Rights and Moral Rights | |
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| Analysis of the Assertion of Moral Rights | |
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| The Defeasibility of Rights | |
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| Is If Logically Conceivable for Animals and/or Plants to Have Moral Rights? | |
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| A Modified Concept of Moral Rights | |
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| Competing Claims and Priority Principles | |
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| The General Problem of Competing Claims | |
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| Human Rights and the Inherent Worth of Nonhumans | |
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| Five Priority Principles for the Fair Resolution of Conflicting Claims | |
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| The Principle of Self-Defense | |
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| The Principle of Proportionality | |
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| The Principle of Minimum Wrong | |
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| The Principle of Distributive Justice | |
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| The Principle of Restitutive Justice | |
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| The Ethical Ideal of Harmony between Human Civilization and Nature | |
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| The Normative Function of the Ethical Ideal | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |