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| List of Figures and Tables | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Voting as a Measure of Representation | |
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| Oversight as a Form of Political Representation | |
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| Strategic Group Uplift | |
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| Chapter Outline | |
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| Race, Ethnicity, and a Theory of Substantive Representation in Congressional Oversight | |
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| Origins and Presence of Strategic Group Uplift in African Americans | |
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| Origins of Strategic Group Uplift for Latino Legislators | |
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| Hypotheses and Alternative Explanations | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Congress, Minority Interests, and Federal Policymaking | |
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| Congressional Intervention and African Americans | |
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| Mexican Americans and the Federal Government | |
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| Puerto Ricans and the Federal Government | |
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| Cuban Americans and Federal Government Intervention | |
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| Federal Interventions and Latino Interests | |
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| Federal Attention to Racial and Social Welfare Policies | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Black and Brown Voices in Committee Deliberations on Civil Rights | |
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| Measuring Advocacy of Minority Interests in Committees | |
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| Racial and Ethnic Diversity of Congressional Overseers and Legislative Responsiveness | |
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| Civil Rights Enforcement in the Clinton Years | |
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| Return to Republican Rule and the Fight for Minority Rights | |
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| Civil Rights Enforcement in the Post-9/11 Era | |
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| Beyond the Deliberations | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Congressional Oversight and Social Welfare Policy | |
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| Racial and Ethnic Diversity of Congressional Overseers | |
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| Congressional Attention to Social Welfare Issues and Legislative Responsiveness | |
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| Liberal Social Welfare Policy and the Clinton Years | |
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| Diversity of Perspectives and Challenging Negative Stereotypes in Social Welfare Debates | |
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| The Republicans' Contract with America and Retrenchment of Social Welfare Policies | |
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| Diversity of Perspectives in Deliberations | |
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| Social Welfare Policy in the Post-9/11 Era | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Implications for Racial, Ethnic, and Class-Based Politics | |
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| Implications for Coalition Politics | |
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| Implications for Political Representation | |
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| Legislative Responsiveness and Democratic Accountability | |
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| Legislators' Motivations and Strategic Group Uplift | |
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| Congressional and Bureaucratic Relations | |
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| Limitations of Strategic Group Uplift | |
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| Public Policy Implications | |
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| Data and Methodology | |
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| Coding Protocol for Congressional Hearings | |
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| Racial/Ethnic Congressional Hearings Coded | |
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| General Social Welfare Congressional Hearings Coded | |
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| Likelihood of Intervention for Stronger Enforcement of Civil Rights Policies | |
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| Likelihood of Intervention for General Social Welfare Policies | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |