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Preface | |
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Acknowledgements | |
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Environmental Enrichment: an Historical Perspective | |
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Definitions | |
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A Short History of Animal Keeping | |
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Two Approaches to Environmental Enrichment | |
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Animal Welfare and Environmental Enrichment | |
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Developmental Psychology | |
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The Animal Rights Movement | |
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The Animal Welfare Movement | |
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The Five Freedoms: a Central Concept in Animal Welfare | |
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Animal-welfare Indicators | |
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Conclusion | |
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Why Bother with Environmental Enrichment? | |
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Why Use Enrichment? | |
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Justifying Enrichment | |
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The Ethical Imperative for Environmental Enrichment | |
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Zoos: a Special Case for Enrichment | |
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Care-givers and Enrichment | |
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Conclusion | |
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Does Environmental Enrichment Work? | |
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The Evidence | |
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How does Enrichment Improve Animal Welfare? | |
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Proactive v. Reactive use of Environmental Enrichment | |
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What Animals Want | |
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Prioritising Environmental Enrichment | |
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Solving Animal-welfare Problems using Environmental Enrichment | |
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Summary: Treating Welfare Problems | |
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Designing an Enrichment Device | |
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Identifying What You Want to Do | |
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Importance of Species-specific Behaviour | |
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Rewards and Schedules of Reward | |
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Cosmetic Design Considerations | |
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Safety Considerations | |
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Discussion and Summary of the Product Design Process | |
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The Enrichment Programme | |
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Setting Goals | |
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The Enrichment Diary | |
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The Enrichment Manual | |
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Changing Animal Care-giver Attitudes | |
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Conclusion | |
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Enrichment for Different Categories of Animals | |
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Companion Animals | |
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Farm Animals | |
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Laboratory Animals | |
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Zoo Animals | |
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Conclusion | |
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Food and Foraging Enrichment | |
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What is Food? | |
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How Animals Forage and Feed | |
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Feeding in General | |
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The Sensory Qualities of Food | |
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Conclusion | |
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Social Environmental Enrichment | |
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Social Housing of Asocial Species | |
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Group-housing Social Species | |
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Behavioural Development and Socialisation | |
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Rehabilitation and Group Formation | |
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Managing Social Behaviour | |
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Solitary Housing of Social Species | |
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The Value of Human-Animal Contact | |
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The Value of Contraspecific Contact | |
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Limited Physical Contact | |
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Visual, Auditory and Olfactory Contact | |
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Conclusion | |
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Housing | |
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Looking at Species and Housing Levels | |
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A Substrate Approach to Housing | |
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A Bottom-up Approach to Housing | |
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Barriers: Keeping People Out and Animals In | |
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The World Outside the Enclosure | |
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Conclusion | |
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Furniture, Toys and Other Objects | |
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Furniture | |
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Furniture Design and Behaviour | |
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Toys and Novel Objects | |
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Alternatives to Static Homes | |
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Conclusion | |
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Designing and Analysing Enrichment Studies | |
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Experimental Design | |
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Statistical Analysis | |
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Example Experimental Design and Associated Statistical Analyses | |
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Has Animal Welfare been Improved? | |
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Information Sources about Environmental Enrichment | |
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Books | |
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Pet Books | |
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Journals | |
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Magazines | |
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Organisations | |
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Videos and Television | |
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Information Sources on the World Wide Web | |
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Enrichment Manuals, Lists and CD-ROMs | |
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Conferences | |
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Training Courses | |
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University Courses | |
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Competitions | |
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Suppliers | |
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End-note | |
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References | |
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Glossary | |
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Index | |