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Listing of Figures and Tables | |
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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Preliminary Issues | |
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Traits of Successful Therapists and Counselors | |
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Issues in Choosing a Career in Mental Health | |
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Disciplines, Degrees, and Related Credentials Relevant to a Career in Mental Health | |
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Motivations Underlying the Choice of a Career in Mental Health | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Personal Traits Relevant to the Practice of Psychotherapy and Counseling | |
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Facilitating Traits of Mental-Health-Care Providers | |
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Hindering Traits of Mental-Health-Care Providers | |
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Countertransference Issues | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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The Next Step: Necessary Skills for Mental-Health Practice | |
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Self-Awareness Skills | |
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Values Clarification | |
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Mandatory Versus Aspirational Ethics | |
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Individual Self-Awareness | |
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Common Therapy and Counseling Topics That Involve Values | |
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Interpersonal Self-Awareness | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Cultural Competence and Sensitivity | |
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Cultural Awareness | |
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Cultural Knowledge | |
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Cultural Skills | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Self-Care Skills | |
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Self-Exploration and Awareness | |
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Personal Therapy or Counseling | |
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Inner Work | |
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Meditation | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Relaxation and Centeredness | |
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Breathing Exercises | |
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Mindfulness Practice | |
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Relaxation Exercises | |
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Guided Imagery | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Healthy Personal Habits | |
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Nutrition | |
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Physical Activity | |
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Rest | |
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Physical Self-Awareness | |
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Involvement with Nature | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Attention to Relationships | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Recreational Activities | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Skills to Facilitate Communication in Psychotherapy and Counseling | |
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Attending Skills: Nonverbal Communication and Listening | |
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Nonverbal Communication | |
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Interaction of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication | |
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Components of Nonverbal Communication | |
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Helpful Hints for Nonverbal Communication | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Listening Skills | |
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Roadblocks to Listening | |
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Essential Skills for Good Listening | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Questions to Encourage Communication | |
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General Guidelines About Questions | |
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Pitfalls in the Use of Questions | |
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Examples of Clinicians' Reasons for Controlling or Intrusive Questions | |
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Additional Thoughts About the Use of Questions | |
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Open-Ended Questions | |
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Sample Transcript of Open-Ended Questions | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Systematic Inquiry | |
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Sample Transcript of a Systematic Inquiry | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Response Types: Verbal Communication and Client Disclosure | |
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Encouraging Phrases | |
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Sample Transcripts for Encouragers | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Restatements and Paraphrases | |
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Sample Transcripts for Restatements and Paraphrases | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Reflections | |
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Sample Transcripts of Reflections | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Interfacing Response Types | |
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Guidelines for When Best to Use Which Response Type | |
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Sample Transcripts for Interfacing All Response Types | |
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Summarization | |
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Sample Transcripts of Summarization | |
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A Few Final Comments | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Moving Beyond Simple Communication: The Process of Empathy | |
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Empathy--Preliminary Issues | |
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Prerequisite Traits and Skills for Optimal Empathic Skillfulness | |
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Empathic Skillfulness as a Cyclical Process | |
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The Phases of the Cycle of Empathic Skillfulness | |
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Sample Transcript of a Cycle of Empathic Skillfulness | |
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The Additive Nature of Empathic Skillfulness | |
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Level One and Level Two Responses: Empathic Failure Versus Optimal Empathic Failure | |
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Level Three Responses: Reflection Versus Empathy | |
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Level Four and Level Five Responses: Imposing a Viewpoint Versus True Empathic Skillfulness | |
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Samples of Level One to Level Five Responses | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Skills for Cognitive Awareness in Psychotherapy and Counseling | |
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Working with Thought and Cognition: Overview and Basic Skills | |
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A Model for Conceptualizing Working with Thought and Cognition | |
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The Process of Normal Cognitive Development and Implications for Therapy and Counseling | |
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A Hierarchy of Interventions and Strategies for Working with Thought and Cognition | |
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Dealing with Clients' Cognition-Related Crises in Session | |
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Basic Strategies for Working with Thought and Cognition | |
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Imparting Information | |
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Sample Transcript of Imparting Information | |
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Pointing Out Patterns | |
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Asking Clarifying Questions | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Working with Thought and Cognition: Advanced Interventions | |
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Establishment of a Context for Advanced Cognitive Intervention | |
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Step One Toward Building Context | |
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Step Two Toward Building Context | |
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Step Three Toward Building Context | |
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Step Four Toward Building Context | |
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Confrontation | |
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Basic Mechanics of How to Use Confrontation | |
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Guidelines for the Use of Confrontation | |
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Sample Transcript of Confrontation | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Here-and-Now Cognitive Processing | |
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Basic Mechanics of Here-And-Now Process Comments | |
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An Outline for Processing Here-and-Now Events | |
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Recognizing and Utilizing Opportunities for the Use of Here-and-Now Process Comments | |
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Sample Transcript of Here-and-Now Process Comments | |
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Interpretation | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Assumptions Underlying the Use of Interpretations | |
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Factors to Consider When Using Interpretations | |
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Guidelines for Using Interpretations | |
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Sample Transcript of Interpretation | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Skills for Affective Awareness in Psychotherapy and Counseling | |
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Working with Affect and Emotion: Overview and Basic Skills | |
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A Model for Affective Awareness and Inner Experience | |
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Basic Awareness of Affect | |
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Basic Inner Experience of Affect | |
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Labeling of Basic Affect | |
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Identification of Default Affect | |
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Identification of Affect Intensity | |
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Identification of Mixed and Conflicted Affect | |
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Identification of Underlying Affect | |
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Acceptance of Affect | |
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Understanding of Affect | |
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A Model for Affective Expression | |
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Conscious Outward Expression | |
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Ritualized Outward Expression | |
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Congruence with Level of Intensity | |
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Congruence with Type of Emotion | |
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Facilitating Clients' Affective Experience and Expression in Session | |
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Dealing with Clients' Affect in Session | |
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Dealing with Loss of Control Over Emotion | |
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Dealing with Uncontrollable Crying | |
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Dealing with Strong Anxiety Reactions and Panic | |
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Dealing with Anger and Hostility | |
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Dealing with Depersonalization and Dissociation | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Working with Affect and Emotion: Focus on the Body | |
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Focus on the Breath | |
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Basic Breathing Exercise at Level One of Inner Experience | |
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Advanced Breathing Exercise at Level Eight of Inner Experience | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Focus on the Body | |
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Bodily-Awareness Exercise | |
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Body Attunement Exercise | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Focus on the Bridge Between Body and Affect | |
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Basic-Bodily-Experience Exercise | |
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Advanced-Bodily-Experience Exercise | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Working with Affect and Emotion: Focus on Feelings | |
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Focus on the Experience and Identification of Affect | |
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Here-and-Now Affect Exploration Exercises | |
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Affect Continuum Exercise | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Focus on the Acceptance and Understanding of Affect | |
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Progressive-Muscle-Relaxation Exercise | |
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Focusing-Relaxation Exercise | |
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Skill Development Recommendations | |
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Final Thoughts | |
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References | |
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Author Index | |
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Subject Index | |