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| Preface | |
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| Principles, Evaluation, and Planning | |
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| The Couple as a Unique System | |
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| Couples Counseling Poses Unique Challenges for the Counselor | |
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| Stressors and the Couple | |
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| Vertical Stressors | |
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| Horizontal Stressors | |
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| Systems-Level Stressors | |
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| Couples, Marriage, and Unmarriage in the New Millennium | |
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| The Unmarried and the Cohabiting | |
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| Same-Sex Marriage | |
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| The Marriage Movement | |
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| Dynamics of the Couple System | |
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| Boundaries and Boundary Violations | |
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| Couple Needs Versus Individual Needs | |
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| Families of Origin Shape Expectations and Influence the Couple System | |
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| Dealing with Conflicting Roles: Husband/Father and Wife/Mother | |
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| Couples Need Intimacy | |
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| Couples Must Deal with Power | |
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| What a Couple Goes Through: Psychological Tasks | |
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| Characteristics of Healthy Couples | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Theories of Couples Therapy: Part One | |
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| Behavior Therapy Applied to Couples | |
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| What Is Behavior Therapy? | |
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| Definitions of Key Terms | |
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| Some Premises of Behavior Theory | |
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| Problems That Couples Experience | |
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| Therapy Methods and Techniques | |
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| Multigenerational Approaches to Couples Therapy: Object Relations and the Bowen Theory | |
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| Object-Relations Theory | |
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| The Bowen Theory | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Theories of Couples Therapy: Part Two | |
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| Structural Therapy and Strategic Therapy Applied to Couples | |
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| Definitions of Key Terms | |
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| Some Premises of the Theories | |
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| Problems That Couples Face | |
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| Therapy Methods and Techniques | |
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| Solution-Focused Therapy | |
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| Constructivism | |
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| Overview | |
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| Definitions of Key Terms | |
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| Some Premises of Solution-Focused Theory | |
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| Problems That Couples Face | |
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| Therapy Methods and Techniques | |
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| Narrative Therapy and Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy | |
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| Narrative Therapy | |
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| Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| An Integrative Model for Couples Therapy | |
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| Common Threads of the Theories | |
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| A Circular Model of Causation | |
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| Blame Is Not a Useful Concept | |
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| Assessment Is a Crucial First Activity | |
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| The Couple Must Form a Team | |
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| Feelings, Behaviors, and Cognitions Must Change | |
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| Couples Must Learn Maintenance Tasks | |
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| Couples Must Develop Joint Solvable Problems | |
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| Therapists Must Foster Hope | |
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| An Integrative Model for Couples Therapy | |
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| Assessment and Identifying a Shared Definition: "We Have a Problem" | |
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| Goal Setting: "We Have a Common Goal" | |
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| Interventions: "We Have a Solvable Problem" | |
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| Maintenance: "We Have a Solution" | |
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| Validation: "There Is No Problem" | |
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| Our Experiences in Working With the Integrative Model | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| The Assessment of Couples and Their Problems | |
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| Assessment Is an Ongoing Process | |
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| Are Assessment and Treatment Really Separate? | |
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| Biases and Assumptions in Assessment | |
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| Self-Assessment of Assumptions About Couples | |
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| Assessment Using the Integrative Model | |
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| The Funnel of Assessment | |
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| Direction for Couples Assessment: Individuals, Problems in the Relationship, or Quality of the Relationship? | |
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| Assessing Individuals | |
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| Assessing Relationship Problems | |
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| Assessing the Quality of the Relationship | |
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| Assessment During a Crisis | |
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| Using Tests and Informal Tools to Assess Couples | |
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| Testing Couples | |
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| Sharing Assessment Data With Clients | |
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| Other Considerations | |
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| The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator | |
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| Informal Assessment Tools for Couples | |
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| Other Tools | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Diagnosis, Goal Setting, and Treatment Planning With Couples | |
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| Forms of Diagnosis | |
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| The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Training Revision (DSM-IV-TR) | |
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| Conditions, or V Codes, in DSM-IV-TR | |
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| DSM-IV-TR Adjustment Disorder Diagnoses | |
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| Family Therapy Diagnoses | |
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| Assessment and Diagnosis: A Precursor to Treatment Planning in the Integrative Model | |
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| Formulating an Interactive Definition in Goal Setting | |
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| Deciding Which Problems Should Be Addressed First | |
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| Helping Couples Decenter | |
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| Collaboration on the Interactive Definition of the Problem | |
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| Refining the Problem | |
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| Setting Goals | |
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| Transforming a Problem Into a Goal | |
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| Choosing the Kinds of Goals | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Common Issues in the Life of the Couple | |
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| Treatment Strategies | |
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| The Need for Creative Treatment Strategies | |
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| Reframing | |
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| Metaphor and Imagery | |
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| Role Reversal | |
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| Role Rehearsal | |
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| Rituals | |
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| Contracting | |
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| Creating Intensity | |
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| De-escalating Conflict | |
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| Using Storytelling and Narrative Techniques | |
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| Dance/Movement Therapy | |
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| Psychodrama Techniques | |
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| Art Therapy Techniques | |
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| Music Therapy | |
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| Exploring Exceptions | |
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| Therapeutic Compliments | |
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| Instilling Hope | |
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| Play and Humor | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Communication and Relationship Education | |
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| "I Miss You Most When We Are Together" | |
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| Communication as Skills | |
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| A Short History of Communication in Couples Therapy | |
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| Communication Fundamentals | |
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| Nonverbal Communication | |
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| Gender Differences in Communication | |
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| Self-Disclosure and Male-Female Relationships | |
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| The Linear Model | |
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| Feedback: The Way Out | |
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| Games, Smokescreens, Dreams, and Manipulations | |
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| Indirectness and Culture | |
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| Assessment of Communication Problems and Strengths | |
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| Videotaped Assessment | |
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| Who Should Receive Communication Training? | |
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| Communication Problems in Couples | |
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| Common Problems | |
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| Other Maladaptive Problems | |
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| Positive Communication Skills | |
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| Communication-Training and Relationship Education Programs | |
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| Sound Marital House | |
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| PREPARE/ENRICH | |
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| Prevention and Relationship Enhancement Program | |
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| Relationship Enhancement | |
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| Practical Application of Intimate Relationship Skills | |
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| Marriage Encounter and Marriage Enrichment | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Intimacy and Sexuality | |
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| Intimacy | |
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| Gender Issues | |
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| Sternberg's Triangular Model of Love | |
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| Case Example: Amy and Greg | |
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| Application of the Integrative Model: A Problem of Intimacy | |
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| Considerations for Working with Intimacy Problems | |
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| Sexual Aspects of Relationships | |
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| Sexuality and the Couple | |
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| Social Issues and Sexuality | |
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| Communication and Sexuality | |
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| The Development of Sexual Problems | |
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| Dysfunction or Problem? | |
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| The Process of Sexuality Therapy | |
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| Assessment and Diagnosis | |
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| Sexual Genogram | |
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| Goal Setting for Sexual Problems in Therapy | |
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| Male and Female Sexual Dysfunctions | |
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| Male Dysfunctions | |
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| Common Female Sexual Dysfunctions | |
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| Other Problems in Sexual Relationships | |
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| Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Infections | |
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| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome | |
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| Alcohol and Sexuality | |
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| Infertility Issues | |
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| Aging Issues | |
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| Childhood Sexual Abuse and Therapy | |
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| Checklist for Treatment of Sexual Dysfunction | |
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| Ethical Concerns for Counselors Treating Sexual Issues | |
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| Case Example: Charlotte and Frank | |
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| Application of the Integrative Model: Working with a Sexual Problem | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Conflict: Negotiation and Resolution | |
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| Sources of Conflict | |
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| Social Context | |
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| Situational Stress | |
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| Perceptual Differences Theories | |
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| Behavior/Event Theories of Conflict | |
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| Negotiation Theory | |
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| Developmental Theory | |
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| Verbal Conflict and Anger | |
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| An Anger Genogram: Questions to Ask | |
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| Anger as Manipulation or Defense | |
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| Withdrawn Partners | |
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| Characteristics of Verbal Abuse | |
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| Conflict Issues and Patterns | |
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| Control, Power, and Equity | |
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| Blame | |
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| Triangulation | |
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| Interactive Conflict Patterns | |
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| Developmental Stages of Couples Conflict | |
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| Early Disagreement | |
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| Repeated Conflict | |
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| Severe Conflict | |
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| Severed Couple's Relationship | |
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| Violence in a Couple's Relationship | |
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| Scope of the Problem | |
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| Definition of Battering | |
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| Recognizing a Potential Batterer | |
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| The Cycle of Violence | |
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| Reasons Why Women Stay or Return to Abusive Situations | |
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| Counseling for Batterers and Victims of Domestic Violence | |
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| Equity in a Couple's Relationship | |
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| Negotiation and Problem Solving for Couples | |
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| Conflict Training | |
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| Problem-Solving Model | |
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| Fair Fighting | |
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| Clinical Interventions | |
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| Reframing | |
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| Using Metaphors | |
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| Contracting | |
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| Case Example: Maria and Kimberlee | |
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| Role Reversal | |
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| Case Example: Morena and Saul | |
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| Application of the Integrative Model | |
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| Considerations for Working With Couples in Conflict | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Divorcing Couples | |
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| Sociological Context: The Prevalence of Divorce | |
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| Divorce Stage Theories | |
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| Making the Divorce Decision | |
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| The Stages of Divorce | |
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| Developmental Models of Divorce | |
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| The Three Stages of Divorce | |
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| A Diaclectic Model of Divorce | |
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| Application of Divorce Stage Models | |
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| Counseling and the Stages of Divorce | |
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| The Integrative Model and Divorce Therapy | |
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| Case Example: David and Marcy | |
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| Application of the Integrative Model: Divorce Therapy | |
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| Considerations for Counselors | |
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| Intervention Strategies | |
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| Mediation | |
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| Rituals for Separation and Divorce | |
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| Case Example: Kim and Lia | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Extramarital Affairs | |
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| Definitions | |
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| How Prevalent Are Extramarital Affairs? | |
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| Are There Types of Affairs? | |
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| Online Infidelity | |
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| Why Do People Have Affairs? | |
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| Gender Differences | |
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| Romance: Threat or Menace? | |
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| Societal Factors | |
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| Treating Infidelity in Light of Culture | |
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| Case Example: Elaina and Jorge | |
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| Helping People Deal Constructively With Affairs: Practical Issues | |
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| Is an Affair the End of the Relationship? | |
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| Can We Help People Fall Out of Love? | |
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| Should the Therapist Who Learns About an Affair From One Spouse Keep It a Secret? | |
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| When Should Affairs Not Be Revealed? | |
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| What if You Are Not Sure That an Affair Is Taking Place? | |
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| Guidelines for Revealing an Affair | |
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| Guidelines for the Therapist Using the Integrative Model | |
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| Affairs and the Integrative Model: A Case Example | |
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| Case Example: Clarice and William | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Special Challenges | |
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| Counseling Couples With Alcohol Problems | |
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| Alcohol and the Couple | |
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| Aspects of Alcoholism: Terminology | |
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| Alcoholic | |
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| Codependency | |
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| Alcohol Dependence and Alcohol Abuse | |
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| Abstinence and Sobriety | |
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| The Couple Relationship That Supports Alcoholism | |
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| Referring the Couple for Alcohol Treatment | |
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| Couple Patterns That Support Alcoholism | |
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| How the Partner Can Help the Alcoholic | |
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| The Systems Approach Toward Alcoholic Behavior | |
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| The Alcoholics Anonymous Approach and the Systems Approach | |
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| The Problem Drinker | |
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| Therapy Techniques | |
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| Interventions to Support the Alcoholic's Change | |
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| Interventions to Enhance the Quality of the Relationship Following Treatment | |
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| Behavioral Couples/Marital Therapy | |
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| Relapse Prevention | |
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| The Integrative Model and Couples With Alcohol Problems | |
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| Assessment Issues | |
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| Assessing the Alcoholic and the Relationship | |
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| Developing the Interactive Definition | |
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| Case Example: Ed and Beth | |
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| Application of the Integrative Model: Alcoholism | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Blending Couples | |
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| Sociological Context | |
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| Issues for Blending Couples | |
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| Differences Between Blending Families and Biological Nuclear Families | |
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| The Role of Stepmother | |
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| The Role of Stepfather | |
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| Healthy Stepfamily Characteristics | |
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| Flexibility and Adaptability | |
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| Patience | |
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| Realistic Expectations | |
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| Cooperation of Separate Households | |
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| A Unified Couple | |
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| Establishment of Constructive Rituals | |
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| Formation of Satisfactory Step-Relationships | |
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| Strengths of Stepfamilies | |
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| Stepfamily Hurdles and Challenges: Stressors in the Family | |
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| Stages of Stepfamily Development | |
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| The Impact of Blending Families at Various Stages of the Life Cycle | |
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| Issues Within Blending Couples and Families | |
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| Economic Issues | |
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| Conflicted Feelings and Behaviors | |
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| Movement of Children Between Households | |
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| New Roles and Rules | |
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| Treatment Issues | |
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| Treatment Modalities | |
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| Case Example: Corey and Corina | |
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| Application of the Integrative Model: Blending Couples | |
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| Summary of Techniques for Working with Blending Couples | |
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| Scenarios for Discussion and Role Playing | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Same-Sex Couples | |
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| Sociological Context | |
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| The Gay or Lesbian Lifestyle's Effects on the Couple | |
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| Stage Model of Relationship Development for Same-Sex Couples | |
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| Sources of Conflict in the Gay or Lesbian Lifestyle | |
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| External Factors | |
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| Internal Factors | |
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| Therapy Issues for Same-Sex Couples | |
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| Couples Issues | |
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| Working with Same-Sex Couples | |
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| The Integrative Model and Same-Sex Couples | |
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| Case Example: Barbara and Melissa | |
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| Application of the Integrative Model: Same-Sex Couple | |
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| Intervention Strategies Useful for Same-Sex Couple Therapy | |
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| Scenarios for Discussion and Role Playing | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |