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| Concepts from Thermodynamics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Thermodynamic Systems | |
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| Variables of State | |
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| The First Principal Law | |
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| Irreversible and Reversible Processes | |
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| Perfect Gases | |
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| The First Law Applied to Reversible Processes. Specific Heats | |
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| The First Law Applied to Irreversible Processes | |
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| The Concept of Entropy. The Second Law | |
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| The Canonical Equation of State. Free Energy and Free Enthalpy | |
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| Reciprocity Relations | |
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| Entropy and Transport Processes | |
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| Equilibrium Conditions | |
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| Mixtures of Perfect Gases | |
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| The Law of Mass Action | |
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| Dissociation | |
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| Condensation | |
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| Real Gases in Gasdynamics | |
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| One-Dimensional Gasdynamics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Continuity Equation | |
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| The Energy Equation | |
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| Reservoir Conditions | |
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| Euler's Equation | |
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| The Momentum Equation | |
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| Isentropic Conditions | |
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| Speed of Sound; Mach Number | |
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| The Area-Velocity Relation | |
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| Results from the Energy Equation | |
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| Bernoulli Equation; Dynamic Pressure | |
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| Flow at Constant Area | |
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| The Normal Shock Relations for a Perfect Gas | |
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| One-Dimensional Wave Motion | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Propagating Shock Wave | |
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| One-Dimensional Isentropic Equations | |
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| The Acoustic Equations | |
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| Propagation of Acoustic Waves | |
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| The Speed of Sound | |
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| Pressure and Particle Velocity in a Sound Wave | |
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| "Linearized" Shock Tube | |
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| Isentropic Waves of Finite Amplitude | |
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| Propagation of Finite Waves | |
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| Centered Expansion Wave | |
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| The Shock Tube | |
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| Waves in Supersonic Flow | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Oblique Shock Waves | |
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| Relation Between [beta] and [theta] | |
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| Supersonic Flow over a Wedge | |
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| Mach Lines | |
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| Piston Analogy | |
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| Weak Oblique Shocks | |
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| Supersonic Compression by Turning | |
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| Supersonic Expansion by Turning | |
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| The Prandtl-Meyer Function | |
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| Simple and Nonsimple Regions | |
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| Reflection and Intersection of Oblique Shocks | |
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| Intersection of Shocks of the Same Family | |
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| Detached Shocks | |
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| Mach Reflection | |
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| Shock-Expansion Theory | |
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| Thin Airfoil Theory | |
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| Flat Lifting Wings | |
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| Drag Reduction | |
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| The Hodograph Plane | |
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| Cone in Supersonic Flow | |
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| Flow in Ducts and Wind Tunnels | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Flow in Channel of Varying Area | |
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| Area Relations | |
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| Nozzle Flow | |
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| Normal Shock Recovery | |
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| Effects of Second Throat | |
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| Actual Performance of Wind Tunnel Diffusers | |
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| Wind Tunnel Pressure Ratio | |
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| Supersonic Wind Tunnels | |
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| Wind Tunnel Characteristics | |
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| Compressor Matching | |
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| Other Wind Tunnels and Testing Methods | |
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| Methods of Measurement | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Static Pressure | |
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| Total Pressure | |
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| Mach Number from Pressure Measurements | |
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| Wedge and Cone Measurements | |
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| Velocity | |
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| Temperature and Heat Transfer Measurements | |
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| Density Measurements | |
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| Index of Refraction | |
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| Schlieren System | |
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| The Knife Edge | |
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| Some Practical Considerations | |
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| The Shadow Method | |
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| Interference Method | |
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| Mach-Zehnder Interferometer | |
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| Interferometer Techniques | |
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| X-Ray Absorption and Other Methods | |
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| Direct Measurement of Skin Friction | |
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| Hot-Wire Probe | |
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| Shock Tube Instrumentation | |
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| The Equations of Frictionless Flow | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Notation | |
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| The Equation of Continuity | |
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| The Momentum Equation | |
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| The Energy Equation | |
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| The Eulerian Derivative | |
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| Splitting the Energy Equation | |
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| The Total Enthalpy | |
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| Natural Coordinates. Crocco's Theorem | |
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| Relation of Vorticity to Circulation and Rotation | |
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| The Velocity Potential | |
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| Irrotational Flow | |
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| Remarks on the Equations of Motion | |
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| Small-Perturbation Theory | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Derivation of the Pertubation Equations | |
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| Pressure Coefficient | |
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| Boundary Conditions | |
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| Two-Dimensional Flow Past a Wave-Shaped Wall | |
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| Wavy Wall in Supersonic Flow | |
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| Supersonic Thin Airfoil Theory | |
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| Planar Flows | |
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| Bodies of Revolution. Slender Body Theory | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Cylindrical Coordinates | |
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| Boundary Conditions | |
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| Pressure Coefficient | |
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| Axially Symmetric Flow | |
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| Subsonic Flow | |
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| Supersonic Flow | |
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| Velocities in the Supersonic Field | |
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| Solution for A Cone | |
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| Other Meridian Shapes | |
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| Solution for Slender Cone | |
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| Slender Body Drag | |
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| Yawed Body of Revolution in Supersonic Flow | |
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| Cross-Flow Boundary Conditions | |
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| Cross-Flow Solutions | |
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| Cross Flow for Slender Bodies of Revolution | |
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| Lift of Slender Bodies of Revolution | |
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| Slender Body Theory | |
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| Rayleigh's Formula | |
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| The Similarity Rules of High-Speed Flow | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Two-Dimensional Linearized Flow. Prandtl-Glauert and Gothert Rules | |
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| Two-Dimensional Transonic Flow. von Karman's Rules | |
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| Linearized Axially Symmetric Flow | |
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| Planar Flow | |
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| Summary and Application of the Similarity Laws | |
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| High Mach Numbers. Hypersonic Similarity | |
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| Transonic Flow | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Definition of the Transonic Range | |
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| Transonic Flow Past Wedge Sections | |
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| Transonic Flow Past A Cone | |
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| Transonic Flow Past Smooth Two-Dimensional Shapes. The Question of Shock-Free Flow | |
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| The Hodograph Transformation of the Equations | |
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| The Method of Characteristics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Hyperbolic Equations | |
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| The Compatibility Relation | |
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| The Computation Method | |
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| Interior and Boundary Points | |
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| Axially Symmetric Flow | |
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| Nonisentropic Flow | |
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| Theorems about Plane Flow | |
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| Computation with Weak, Finite Waves | |
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| Interaction of Waves | |
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| Design of Supersonic Nozzles | |
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| Comparison of Characteristics and Waves | |
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| Effects of Viscosity and Conductivity | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Couette Flow | |
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| Recovery Temperature | |
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| Velocity Distribution in Couette Flow | |
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| Rayleigh's Problem. The Diffusion of Vorticity | |
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| The Boundary-Layer Concept | |
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| Prandtl's Equations for a Flat Plate | |
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| Characteristic Results from the Boundary-Layer Equation | |
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| The Displacement Effect of the Boundary Layer. Momentum and Energy Integrals | |
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| Change of Variables | |
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| Boundary Layers on Profiles Other than a Flat Plate | |
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| Flow through a Shock Wave | |
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| The Navier-Stokes Equations | |
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| The Turbulent Boundary Layer | |
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| Boundary-Layer Effects on the External Flow Field | |
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| Shock-Wave Boundary-Layer Interaction | |
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| Turbulence | |
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| Couette Flow of a Dissociating Gas | |
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| Concepts from Gaskinetics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Probability Concepts | |
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| Distribution Functions | |
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| The Virial Theorem of Clausius | |
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| The Equation of State of a Perfect Gas | |
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| The Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution | |
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| The Specific Heats of Gases | |
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| Molecular Collisions. Mean Free Path and Relaxation Times | |
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| Shear Viscosity and Heat Conduction | |
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| Couette Flow of a Highly Rarefied Gas | |
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| The Concepts of Slip and Accommodation | |
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| Relaxation Effects of the Internal Degrees of Freedom | |
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| The Limit of Continuum Theory | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Selected References | |
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| Tables | |
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| Critical Data and Characteristic Temperatures for Several Gases | |
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| Flow Parameters versus M for Subsonic Flow | |
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| Flow Parameters versus M for Supersonic Flow | |
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| Parameters for Shock Flow | |
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| Mach Number and Mach Angle versus Prandtl-Meyer Function | |
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| Charts | |
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| Oblique Shock Chart | |
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| Oblique Shock Chart | |
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| Appendix | |
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| Index | |