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International Accounting and International Business | |
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Introduction | |
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The International Development of the Accounting Discipline | |
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National Differences in Accounting Systems | |
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The Evolution and Significance of International Business | |
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Forms of International Involvement | |
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Environmental Influences on Accounting | |
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Major Development Factors | |
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Accountability and Multinational Enterprises | |
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Accounting Aspects of International Business | |
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The Field of International Accounting | |
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Summary | |
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International Accounting Patterns, Culture and Development | |
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Introduction | |
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Purposes of International Classification | |
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Classification of Accounting and Reporting Systems | |
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Cultural Influences on Accounting Systems | |
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Culture, Societal Values, and Accounting | |
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International Pressures for Accounting Change | |
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Summary | |
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Comparative International Financial Accounting I | |
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Introduction | |
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Anglo-American Accounting | |
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Nordic Accounting | |
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Germanic Accounting | |
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Latin Accounting | |
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Asian Accounting | |
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Summary | |
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Comparative International Financial Accounting II | |
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Introduction | |
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Anglo-American Accounting | |
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Latin Accounting | |
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Asian Accounting | |
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Eastern European Accounting | |
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Summary | |
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International Financial Statement Analysis | |
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Introduction | |
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International Accounting Differences and Financial Statement Analysis | |
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Major Differences in Accounting Principles Around the World | |
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The Impact of U.S.-U.K. Accounting Differences: A Quantitative Analysis | |
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A Global Perspective on Earnings Measurement | |
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A Comparative Global Analysis | |
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International Accounting Differences and the Stock Market | |
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Factors Influencing Measurement Differences | |
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Global Accounting Convergence | |
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Summary | |
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International Transparency and Disclosure | |
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Introduction | |
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The Meaning of Transparency | |
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Disclosure in Corporate Reports | |
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International Disclosure Regulation | |
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Corporate Reporting Trends | |
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Corporate Review Information | |
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Operations Review | |
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Financial Review | |
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Frequency and Timeliness of Reporting | |
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Growing Pressures for Transparency | |
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Summary | |
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International Accounting Standards and Global Convergence | |
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Introduction | |
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Governments | |
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Trade Unions and Employees | |
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Investors | |
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Bankers and Lenders | |
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Accountants and Auditors | |
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The International Harmonization and Disclosure Debate | |
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Summary | |
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International Business Combinations, Goodwill, and Intangibles | |
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Introduction | |
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Consolidated Financial Statements | |
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Funds and Cash Flow Statements | |
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Joint Venture Accounting | |
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Goodwill and Intangibles | |
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Goodwill | |
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Brands, Trademarks, Patents, and Related Intangibles | |
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Research and Development | |
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Summary | |
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International Segment Reporting | |
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Introduction | |
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Users and Uses of Segment Information | |
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The Benefits of Segment Reporting | |
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The Costs of Segment Reporting | |
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International Financial Reporting Standards | |
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Regulations Around the World | |
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Segment Reporting Problems | |
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The Dual-Yardstick Proposal | |
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Summary | |
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Accounting for Foreign Currency | |
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Introduction | |
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Basics In Foreign Exchange | |
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Foreign Currency Transactions | |
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Translation of Foreign Currency Financial Statements | |
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Translation Methodologies: An Overview | |
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International Accounting Standards | |
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Historical Development in the United States | |
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Convergence | |
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Summary | |
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International Accounting for Price Changes | |
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Introduction | |
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Impact of Inflation on the Corporation | |
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Accounting Measurement Alternatives | |
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International Financial Reporting Standards | |
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Comparative National Regulation and Practice | |
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Problems and Prospects | |
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Summary | |
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Corporate Governance and Control of Global Operations | |
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Introduction | |
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Global Strategic Issues | |
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Informal and Subtle Mechanisms | |
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Organizational Structure | |
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Corporate Governance | |
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International Importance of Governance | |
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Studies on International Corporate Governance Practices | |
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Cross National Differences in Corporate Governance | |
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Internal Controls | |
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The Role of Information Technology in MNEs | |
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Firm Strategy, Structure, and the Accounting Function | |
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Summary | |
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Managing Foreign Exchange Exposure | |
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Introduction | |
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Foreign Exchange | |
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Types of Hedging Exposure | |
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Hedging Strategies | |
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Accounting for Foreign Currency Derivatives | |
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Use of Derivatives to Hedge a Net Investment | |
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Disclosure of Derivative Financial Instruments | |
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Summary | |
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International Budgeting and Performance Evaluation | |
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Introduction | |
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The Strategic Control Process | |
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Empirical Studies of Differences in Management Accounting and Control Practices Across Nations | |
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Challenges of Control in the Global Firm | |
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Intracorporate Transfer Pricing | |
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Performance Evaluation Issues | |
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Economic Value Added | |
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The Balanced Scorecard | |
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Summary | |
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International Auditing Issues | |
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Introduction | |
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The Accounting and Auditing Profession | |
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Global Audit Services and the International Auditing Challenge | |
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Audit Challenges: Local Business Practices and Customs | |
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Audit Challenges: Currency, Language, and Law | |
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Audit Challenges: Distance and Organization for Providing Audit Services | |
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Audit Challenges: Audit Impediments from International Diversity, Availability, and Training of Auditors | |
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Global Accounting Firms | |
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Audit Standards | |
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Summary | |
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International Taxation Issues | |
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Introduction | |
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Direct Taxes | |
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Indirect Taxes | |
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The Avoidance of Double Taxation of Foreign Source Income | |
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U.S. Taxation of Foreign Source Income | |
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Tax Effects of Foreign Exchange Gains and Losses | |
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Tax Incentives | |
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Tax Dimensions of Expatriates | |
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Intracorporate Transfer Pricing | |
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Tax Planning in the International Environment | |
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Summary | |
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Name and Company Index | |
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Subject Index | |