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Preface | |
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Introduction | |
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Process Control System | |
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Important Terms and Objective of Automatic Process Control | |
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Regulatory and Servo Control | |
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Transmission Signals, Control Systems, and Other Terms | |
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Control Strategies | |
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Feedback Control | |
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Feedforward Control | |
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Summary | |
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Process Characteristics | |
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Process and Importance of Process Characteristics | |
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Types of Processes | |
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Self-Regulating Processes | |
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Single-Capacitance Processes | |
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Multicapacitance Processes | |
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Transmitters and Other Accessories | |
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Obtaining Process Characteristics from Process Data | |
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Questions When Performing Process Testing | |
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Summary | |
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Reference | |
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Problems | |
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Feedback Controllers | |
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Action of Controllers | |
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Types of Feedback Controllers | |
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Proportional Controller | |
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Proportional-Integral Controller | |
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Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller | |
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Proportional-Derivative Controller | |
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Reset Windup | |
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Tuning Feedback Controllers | |
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Online Tuning: Ziegler-Nichols Technique | |
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Offline Tuning | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Cascade Control | |
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Process Example | |
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Implementation and Tuning of Controllers | |
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Two-Level Cascade Systems | |
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Three-Level Cascade Systems | |
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Other Process Examples | |
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Closing Comments | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Ratio, Override, and Selective Control | |
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Signals and Computing Algorithms | |
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Signals | |
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Programming | |
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Scaling Computing Algorithms | |
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Significance of Signals | |
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Ratio Control | |
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Override, or Constraint, Control | |
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Selective Control | |
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Designing Control Systems | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Block Diagrams and Stability | |
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Block Diagrams | |
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Control Loop Stability | |
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Effect of Gains | |
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Effect of Time Constants | |
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Effect of Dead Time | |
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Effect of Integral Action in the Controller | |
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Effect of Derivative Action in the Controller | |
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Summary | |
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Reference | |
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Feedforward Control | |
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Feedforward Concept | |
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Block Diagram Design of Linear Feedforward Controllers | |
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Lead/Lag Term | |
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Extension of Linear Feedforward Controller Design | |
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Design of Nonlinear Feedforward Controllers from Basic Process Principles | |
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Closing Comments on Feedforward Controller Design | |
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Additional Design Examples | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problem | |
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Dead-Time Compensation | |
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Smith Predictor Dead-Time Compensation Technique | |
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Dahlin Controller | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Multivariable Process Control | |
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Pairing Controlled and Manipulated Variables | |
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Obtaining Process Gains and Relative Gains | |
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Positive and Negative Interactions | |
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Interaction and Stability | |
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Tuning Feedback Controllers for Interacting Systems | |
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Decoupling | |
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Decoupler Design from Block Diagrams | |
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Decoupler Design from Basic Principles | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problem | |
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Case Studies | |
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Ammonium Nitrate Prilling Plant Control System | |
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Natural Gas Dehydration Control System | |
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Sodium Hypochlorite Bleach Preparation Control System | |
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Control System in the Sugar Refining Process | |
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Sulfuric Acid Process | |
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Fatty Acid Process | |
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Reference | |
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Processes for Design Practice | |
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Installing the Programs | |
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NH[subscript 3] Scrubber | |
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Catalyst Regenerator | |
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Mixing Process | |
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Index | |