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Preface | |
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Acknowledgements | |
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Illustrations | |
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Introduction | |
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What is Glacial Geology and Why is it Important? | |
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The Aim and Structure of this Book | |
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Glaciations Around The Globe | |
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The Antarctic Ice Sheet | |
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Greenland in the Greenhouse | |
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Southern Hemisphere Temperate Glaciers: Patagonia and New Zealand | |
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Northern Hemisphere Temperate Glaciers: Alaska and Iceland | |
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High-Altitude Glaciers: The Himalaya | |
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Tropical Glaciers: The Cordillera Blanca, Peru | |
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Arctic Polythermal Glaciers | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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Mass Balance and the Mechanisms of Ice Flow | |
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Annual Mass Balance | |
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The Mass Balance Gradient: The Glacial Driving Mechanism | |
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Mechanisms of Ice Flow | |
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The Principles of Basal Thermal Regime | |
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Patterns and Rates of Ice Flow | |
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Glacier Response to Climate Change | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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Glacier Hydrology | |
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Glacier Hydrology | |
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Sources of Glacial Meltwater | |
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Storage of Water in Glaciers | |
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Methods of Studying Glacier Hydrology | |
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Glacier Hydrological Systems | |
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Subglacial Water Pressure | |
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Discharge Fluctuations | |
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Glacial Meltwater Erosion | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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The Processes of Glacial Erosion | |
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Glacial Abrasion | |
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Glacial Quarrying | |
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Estimating Rates of Glacial Erosion | |
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Patterns of Glacial Erosion | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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Landforms of Glacial Erosion | |
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Microscale Features of Glacial Erosion | |
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Mesoscale Features of Glacial Erosion | |
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Macroscale Features of Glacial Erosion | |
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Landscapes of Glacial Erosion | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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Glacial Debris Entrainment and Transport | |
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High-Level Debris Transport | |
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Debris Entrainment | |
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Low-Level Debris Transport | |
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Debris Transfer Between Low and High Levels | |
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Debris Transfer | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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Glacial Sedimentation on Land | |
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Direct Glacial Sedimentation | |
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Fluvial Sedimentation | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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Landforms of Glacial Deposition on Land | |
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Ice-Marginal Moraines | |
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Subglacial Landforms Formed by Ice or Sediment Flow | |
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Glaciofluvial Ice-Marginal Landforms | |
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Glaciofluvial Subglacial Landforms | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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Glacial Sedimentation in Water | |
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Sedimentation in Lacustrine Environments | |
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Sedimentation in Marine Environments | |
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Distinguishing Glaciolacustrine and Glaciomarine Diamicts from Glacial Tills | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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Landforms of Glacial Deposition in Water | |
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Glaciolacustrine Landforms | |
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Glaciomarine Landforms | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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Palaeoglaciology | |
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The Methods Used in Palaeoglaciology | |
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The Key Landforms Used in Palaeoglaciology | |
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Former Subglacial Thermal Regimes | |
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Palaeoglaciological Reconstructions | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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Index | |