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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Finding Fraud | |
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Signs of Fraud | |
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Looking for Suspects | |
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Evaluating Fraud Tips | |
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Should you Investigate? | |
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Confronting Suspects | |
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Skills of a Fraud Investigator | |
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Differences between Audits and Investigations | |
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Conducting a Fraud Investigation | |
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Notes | |
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Beginning the Investigation | |
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Assessing the Engagement | |
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Making Recommendations | |
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Budgeting and Cost Control | |
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Fees | |
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Billing Practices | |
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Engagement Letters | |
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Managing the Case | |
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Assembling the Team: Where to Start | |
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Assembling the Team: Company Insiders | |
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Assembling the Team: Key Participants | |
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Assembling the Team: Outside Consultants | |
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Importance of Credentials | |
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Management and Supervision of Staff | |
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Work programs and Checklists | |
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Document Management | |
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Preserving Evidence | |
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File Maintenance | |
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Investigative Software | |
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Professional Standards | |
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When to Stop Investigating | |
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Searching for Fraud | |
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Analytical Review | |
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Key Financial Ratios | |
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Write-offs, Adjustments, and Miscellaneous | |
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Manual Disbursements | |
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What about Financial Statement Audits? | |
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Looking for Fraud in Little Things | |
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Sources of Information | |
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Who Acquires Information | |
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Internal Records | |
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Private Records | |
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Public Records | |
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The Internet and Search Engines | |
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Investigative Techniques | |
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Corporate Background Checks | |
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Individual Background Checks | |
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Searching for Friends, Family, and Associates | |
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Surveillance | |
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Digital Data Analysis | |
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Computer Forensics | |
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Interviewing Witnesses and Suspects | |
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Confirmation with Customers and Vendors | |
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Creativity and the Fraud Investigator | |
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Investigation of Asset Misappropriation Schemes | |
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Cash Receipts Schemes | |
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Disbursement Schemes | |
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Noncash Schemes | |
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Investigation of Financial Statement Fraud | |
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Revenue Overstatement | |
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Channel Stuffing | |
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Round Tripping | |
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Asset Overstatement | |
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Liability and Expense Understatement | |
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Reserve Manipulation | |
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Misrepresentation or Omission of Information | |
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Improper Recording of Mergers and Acquisitions | |
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Off-Balance Sheet Items | |
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Accounting Involves Judgment and Estimates | |
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Earnings Management | |
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Note | |
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Investigation of Corruption Schemes | |
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Bribes | |
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Kickbacks | |
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Extortion and Conflict of Interest | |
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Related Party Transactions | |
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Money Laundering | |
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Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) | |
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Prevention and Detection | |
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Note | |
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Investigation of External Fraud Schemes | |
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Corporate Espionage | |
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Investment Schemes | |
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Pyramid or Ponzi Schemes | |
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Securities Fraud | |
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Hidden Income or Assets | |
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Insurance Fraud | |
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Bankruptcy Fraud | |
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Note | |
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Reporting and Litigation | |
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Stick to the Facts | |
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Keep It Simple | |
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Background Information | |
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Investigation Procedures | |
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Opinions | |
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Attachments | |
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Draft Reports | |
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Unfavorable Opinions | |
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Follow-up to the Fraud Investigator's Work | |
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Being an Expert Witness | |
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Preparing for Testimony | |
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Deposition Testimony | |
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Trial Testimony | |
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Note | |
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Other Issues | |
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Moving Forward as a Company | |
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Preventing Future Frauds | |
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Marketing a Fraud Investigation Practice | |
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Competing with Other Firms | |
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Conducting a Global Investigation | |
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Professional Liability Issues | |
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Reducing Fraud with Investigations | |
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Note | |
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Appendix | |
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Index | |