| |
| |
| |
Energy in the United States | |
| |
| |
| |
Energy and Power | |
| |
| |
| |
Energy Usage and Standard of Living | |
| |
| |
| |
A Historical Perspective of Energy Usage in the United States | |
| |
| |
| |
United States Energy Usage in 2007 | |
| |
| |
| |
Worldwide Energy Use | |
| |
| |
| |
Efficiencies | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Fundamentals of Turbomachinery | |
| |
| |
| |
Definition of a Turbomachine | |
| |
| |
| |
Turbomachine Classifications | |
| |
| |
| |
Turbomachine Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
Example Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Hydropower | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Examples of Hydroelectric Dams | |
| |
| |
| |
Hydraulic Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
Turbine Specific Speed Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
Energy Transfer in Turbines | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Wind Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Fundamental Concepts | |
| |
| |
| |
Wind Energy Resources | |
| |
| |
| |
Wind Turbine Operation | |
| |
| |
| |
Commercial Wind Turbine Examples | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Combustion Turbines | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
The Combustion Turbine | |
| |
| |
| |
The Air-Standard Brayton Cycle | |
| |
| |
| |
Actual Gas Turbine Cycle Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
Combustion Turbine Cycle Variations | |
| |
| |
| |
Examples of Commercially Available Combustion Turbines | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
Websites | |
| |
| |
| |
Solar Energy Fundamentals | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Radiation Heat Transfer Review | |
| |
| |
| |
Sun Path Description and Calculation | |
| |
| |
| |
Sun Path Development Using Mathcad | |
| |
| |
| |
The Solar Energy Database | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Active Solar Thermal Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Flat-Plate Collector Fundamentals | |
| |
| |
| |
Solar Collector and Weather Data | |
| |
| |
| |
The f-Chart Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Other Solar Thermal Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
Appendix A | |
| |
| |
| |
Passive Solar Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
Fundamental Concepts of Passive Solar Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
Quantifying Passive Solar Features | |
| |
| |
| |
The First-Level Method or Rules of Thumb | |
| |
| |
| |
The Second-Level Method (LCR Method) | |
| |
| |
| |
Daylighting | |
| |
| |
| |
Passive Solar Software | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
Appendix A | |
| |
| |
| |
Photovoltaic Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Photovoltaic Cell Fundamentals | |
| |
| |
| |
Photovoltaic Components | |
| |
| |
| |
Photovoltaic Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Fuel Cells | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Fuel Cell Fundamentals | |
| |
| |
| |
Fuel Cell Thermodynamics Fundamentals | |
| |
| |
| |
Fuel Cell Types | |
| |
| |
| |
Fuel Cell Availability | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
CHP System Fundamentals | |
| |
| |
| |
CHP System Economics and Operation | |
| |
| |
| |
Economic Assessment of CHP Suitability | |
| |
| |
| |
CHP System Example | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Biomass | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Biomass Availability | |
| |
| |
| |
Biomass Fundamentals | |
| |
| |
| |
Biomass Characteristics | |
| |
| |
| |
Biomass Based Fuels and Products | |
| |
| |
| |
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
Websites | |
| |
| |
| |
Geothermal Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Geothermal Resources | |
| |
| |
| |
Geothermal Energy Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Geothermal Examples | |
| |
| |
| |
Ground-Source Heat Pumps | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
Websites | |
| |
| |
| |
Ocean Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) | |
| |
| |
| |
Tidal Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
Wave Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
Websites | |
| |
| |
| |
Nuclear Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Fundamentals of Nuclear Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
Nuclear Power | |
| |
| |
| |
Fusion Power | |
| |
| |
| |
Closure | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
Websites | |