| |
| |
| List Of Symbols | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction: Learning Objectives | |
| |
| |
| |
| Historical Perspective | |
| |
| |
| |
| Materials Science and Engineering | |
| |
| |
| |
| Why Study Materials Science and Engineering? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Classification of Materials | |
| |
| |
| |
| Advanced Materials | |
| |
| |
| |
| Modern Materials Needs | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Atomic Structure and Interatomic Bonding: Learning Objectives | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction: Atomic Structure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fundamental Concepts | |
| |
| |
| |
| Electrons in Atoms | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Periodic Table Atomic Bonding in Solids | |
| |
| |
| |
| Bonding Forces and Energies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Primary Interatomic Bonds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Secondary Bonding or van der Waals Bonding | |
| |
| |
| |
| Molecules | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Important Terms and Concepts | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| Questions and Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Structures of Metals and Ceramics: Learning Objectives | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction: Crystal Structures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fundamental Concepts | |
| |
| |
| |
| Unit Cells | |
| |
| |
| |
| Metallic Crystal Structures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Density Computations-Metals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ceramic Crystal Structures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Density Computations-Ceramics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Silicate Ceramics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Carbon | |
| |
| |
| |
| Polymorphism and Allotropy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Crystal Systems Crystallographic Points, Directions, and Planes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Point Coordinates | |
| |
| |
| |
| Crystallographic Directions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Crystallographic Planes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Linear and Planar Densities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Close-Packed Crystal Structures Crystalline And Noncrystalline Materials | |
| |
| |
| |
| Single Crystals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Polycrystalline Materials | |
| |
| |
| |
| Anisotropy | |
| |
| |
| |
| X-Ray Diffraction: Determination of Crystal Structures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Noncrystalline Solids | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Important Terms and Concepts | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| Questions and Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Polymer Structures Learning Objectives | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hydrocarbon Molecules | |
| |
| |
| |
| Polymer Molecules | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Chemistry of Polymer Molecules | |
| |
| |
| |
| Molecular Weight | |
| |
| |
| |
| Molecular Shape | |
| |
| |
| |
| Molecular Structure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Molecular Configurations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Polymers | |
| |
| |
| |
| Copolymers | |
| |
| |
| |
| Polymer Crystallinity | |
| |
| |
| |
| Polymer Crystals | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Important Terms and Concepts | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| Questions and Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Imperfections in Solids: Learning Objectives | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction: Point Defects | |
| |
| |
| |
| Point Defects in Metals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Point Defects in Ceramics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Impurities in Solids | |
| |
| |
| |
| Point Defects in Polymers | |
| |
| |
| |
| Specification of Composition | |
| |
| |
| Miscellaneous Imperfections | |
| |
| |
| |
| Dislocations-Linear Defects | |
| |
| |
| |
| Interfacial Defects | |
| |
| |
| |
| Bulk or Volume Defects | |
| |
| |
| |
| Atomic Vibrations | |
| |
| |
| Microscopic Examination | |
| |
| |
| |
| General | |
| |
| |
| |
| Microscopic Techniques | |
| |
| |
| |
| Grain Size Determination | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Important Terms and Concepts | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| Questions and Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Diffusion | |
| |
| |
| Learning Objectives | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Diffusion Mechanisms | |
| |
| |
| |
| Steady-State Diffusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nonsteady-State Diffusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Factors That Influence Diffusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Other Diffusion Paths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Diffusion in Ionic and Polymeric Materials | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Important Terms and Concepts | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| Questions and Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mechanical Properties: Learning Objectives | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Concepts of Stress and Strain Elastic Deformation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Stress-Strain Behavior | |
| |
| |
| |
| Anelasticity | |
| |
| |
| |
| Elastic Properties of Materials Mechanical Behavior-Metals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tensile Properties | |
| |
| |
| |
| True Stress and Strain | |