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| List of figures | |
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| Preface and acknowledgements to the first edition | |
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| Preface to the third edition | |
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| Preface to the fourth edition | |
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| Abbreviations and brief glossary of terms | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The extent of the Greek world in 479 | |
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| The plan of this book | |
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| The sources | |
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| The beginning of the Delian League | |
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| The Athenians take the lead | |
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| Terms of enrolment | |
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| Mechanisms of control | |
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| Empire | |
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| Early years | |
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| The �Ephialtic� reforms at Athens | |
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| The 'First Peloponnesian War' | |
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| The islands | |
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| South Italy and Sicily | |
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| 'Big Greece: south Italy and Sicily as a unit | |
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| The problem of the sources: Thucydides not enough | |
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| Sicily | |
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| South Italy | |
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| Conclusion: a distinctive culture? | |
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| Kyrene and Egypt | |
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| Kyrene | |
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| Egypt | |
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| The Persian Empire, especially Asia Minor | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Satraps | |
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| Asia Minor under the Persians | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Argos | |
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| Introduction: the physical setting and the sources | |
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| Argos and 'kinship diplomacy' | |
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| Argos in the fifth century BC | |
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| Argos in the fourth century BC | |
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| Macedon, Thessaly and Boiotia | |
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| Macedon | |
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| Thessaly | |
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| Boiotia | |
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| The run-up to the war | |
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| The problem: can we trust Thucydides? The Great Gap | |
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| The four stated aitiai | |
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| Corinth | |
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| Sparta | |
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| Athens | |
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| Introduction: Athens natural advantages | |
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| The Athenian myths of identity | |
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| Demes and city | |
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| Council, Assembly, law courts | |
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| Elite values and democratic ideology | |
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| Generals and demagogues: fourth-century changes | |
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| The Peloponnesian War | |
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| Introduction. An important war? | |
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| Resources and intended strategy | |
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| The Archidamian War | |
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| The Peace of Nikias; Mantineia campaign; Melos; Persia and Amorges | |
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| Atheris and the west, especially 415-413 | |
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| 413-411; the oligarchic revolution at Athens | |
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| 411 to Aigospotamoi and the Athenian surrender | |
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| The effects of the Peloponnesian War | |
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| Stasis and other upheavals; system building and treatise writing; professionalism | |
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| Military theory and practice | |
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| Political developments | |
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| Economic changes | |
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| Religion: change, and the absence of it | |
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| The Corinthian War | |
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| Introduction and summary | |
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| Athens in defeat: the Thirty Tyrants | |
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| The true cause of the Corinthian War: Spartan expansionism to all four points of the compass | |
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| The Corinthian War | |
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| The King's Peace | |
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| The King's Peace to Leuktra; the Second Athenian Confederacy | |
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| After the King's Peace | |
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| The Second Athenian Confederacy | |
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| Leuktra to Mantineia and the revolt of the satraps | |
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| Jason of Pherai | |
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| The three theatres of Theban foreign policy (1): the Peloponnese | |
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| The three theatres of Theban foreign policy (2): the north | |
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| The three theatres of Theban foreign policy (3): the Aegean | |
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| The run-up to the battle of Mantineia: the revolt of the satraps | |
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| Philip | |
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| Introduction; Persia and Syracuse in mid-century | |
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| Athens and the Social War | |
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| Sparta in mid-century | |
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| The Third Sacred War | |
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| Philip's early years | |
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| Up to the Peace of Philokrates (346) | |
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| The Peace of Philokrates | |
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| The breakdown of the peace, the battle of Chaironeia and the settlement of Greece | |
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| Alexander | |
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| The accession | |
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| The Theban revolt; Alexander and the Greeks | |
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| The invasion of Asia Minor | |
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| Egypt; the city-foundations | |
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| The visit to the Ammon oracle; deification | |
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| Gaugamela; Alexander and the Persians | |
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| The passage through Afghanistan; worsening relations between Alexander and the Macedonians | |
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| India; the end | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Notes | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |