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| Acknowledgements | |
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| Keys to the Maps | |
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| Illustrations | |
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| Sources of Images | |
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| Chronological Table | |
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| Sources of knowledge | |
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| The Phoenicians in the West | |
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| The Phoenicians | |
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| Sidon and Tyre | |
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| Settlements in the West | |
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| Carthage: Foundation and Growth | |
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| Tales of the foundation | |
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| Legends and truths | |
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| Carthage: site and potential | |
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| State and Government | |
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| Citizens and aristocrats | |
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| Carthaginian names | |
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| Praise from Greeks | |
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| Chief magistrates: the sufetes | |
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| Adirim: the senate of Carthage | |
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| The mysterious 'pentarchies' | |
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| The generals | |
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| Nemesis of generals: the court of One Hundred and Four | |
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| The assembly of citizens | |
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| The Carthaginian 'sea empire' | |
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| Carthage and North Africa | |
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| Carthage and the Etruscans | |
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| First treaty with Rome | |
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| Projection of power: Sardinia | |
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| Projection of power: Sicily | |
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| Carthage, Spain and the Atlantic | |
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| Hanno's Periplus | |
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| Himilco's voyage | |
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| An expansionist policy? | |
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| Traders and landowners: Carthaginian society | |
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| Trade and traders | |
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| Land and landowning | |
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| Workers and labourers | |
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| Slaves | |
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| The Cityscape of Carthage | |
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| The growth of the city | |
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| Temples and other sacred buildings | |
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| Houses and shops | |
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| Public buildings | |
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| The land fortifications and the ports | |
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| Religion and cultural life | |
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| The gods and goddesses | |
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| The 'tophet' and child sacrifice | |
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| Literature at Carthage: did it exist? | |
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| Visual art, including coinage | |
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| Carthage in Africa | |
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| Politics and rivalries: Mazeus-'Malchus' | |
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| The Magonid ascendancy | |
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| The end of the Magonids | |
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| The ascendancy of Hanno 'the Great' | |
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| Politics and war in the late 4th Century: Bomilcar's putsch | |
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| The Libyans and Numidians | |
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| Carthage at War: Sicily | |
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| The Carthaginian war machine: the navy | |
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| Carthage's armies | |
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| Carthaginians and Greeks in the 5th Century | |
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| Carthage vs Dionysius I | |
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| Carthage and Timoleon | |
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| The age of Agathocles: Carthage at bay | |
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| Carthage and Pyrrhus | |
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| The First War with Rome, and After | |
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| The second and third treaties with Rome | |
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| The outbreak of the war | |
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| Phases of war: 264 to 257 | |
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| Africa invaded and saved: 256 to 255 | |
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| Victories, defeats, stalemate: 254 to 242 | |
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| Peace and revolt | |
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| The New Empire and Hannibal | |
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| The Sardinia crisis | |
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| The new empire in Spain | |
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| The coming of the Second Punic War | |
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| Hannibal invades Italy | |
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| Hannibal, master of southern Italy | |
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| Limitations and setbacks | |
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| Metaurus, Zama and peace | |
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| Hannibal's war: an assessment | |
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| Revival and Destruction | |
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| Politics and reforms | |
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| Peace and plenty | |
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| Carthage and Numidia | |
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| Politics at home and war with Masinissa | |
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| The outbreak of the Third Punic War | |
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| The Third Punic War | |
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| Carthage in History | |
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| Notes | |
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| Select Bibliography | |
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| Index | |