| |
| |
Preface | |
| |
| |
A Note to Students | |
| |
| |
| |
The Subject of History and How to Use It | |
| |
| |
What History Can Tell You | |
| |
| |
What Historians Are Trying to Do | |
| |
| |
History and the Everyday World | |
| |
| |
How Historians Work | |
| |
| |
Philosophies of History | |
| |
| |
Historiography | |
| |
| |
Changing Directions of Historical Research | |
| |
| |
Methods of Historical Research | |
| |
| |
Primary and Secondary Sources of Evidence | |
| |
| |
Interpreting and Organizing Evidence | |
| |
| |
The Computer and Historical Research | |
| |
| |
How You Can Use History | |
| |
| |
| |
How to Read a History Assignment, Take Notes in Class, and Prepare for and Take Exams | |
| |
| |
How to Read a History Assignment | |
| |
| |
Reading a Textbook | |
| |
| |
Reading a Monograph | |
| |
| |
Reading an Anthology | |
| |
| |
Reading a Historical Novel | |
| |
| |
Examples of Reading Assignments | |
| |
| |
How to "Read" Nonwritten Materials | |
| |
| |
Interpreting Maps | |
| |
| |
Analyzing Statistical Data | |
| |
| |
Interpreting Illustrations, Photographs, and Other Visual Material | |
| |
| |
Interpreting Artifacts | |
| |
| |
How to Take Notes in Class | |
| |
| |
From Class Lectures | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Taking Lecture Notes | |
| |
| |
Examples of Note Taking | |
| |
| |
From Slides and Films | |
| |
| |
Taking Notes in a "Wired" Classroom | |
| |
| |
Classroom Participation | |
| |
| |
Classroom Discussions | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Speaking in Class | |
| |
| |
Giving an Oral Presentation | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Giving an Oral Presentation | |
| |
| |
Giving a PowerPoint Presentation | |
| |
| |
Group Work | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Peer Reviewing | |
| |
| |
Communicating Online | |
| |
| |
E-mail, Listservs, and Chat Rooms | |
| |
| |
E-conferences and E-seminars | |
| |
| |
Web Communication and Advanced Research | |
| |
| |
How to Study for and Take Exams | |
| |
| |
Objective and Short-Answer Exams | |
| |
| |
Preparing for In-Class Essay Exams - Composing Sample Questions | |
| |
| |
Writing a Good In-Class Essay Exam | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Writing In-Class Essay Exams | |
| |
| |
Writing Take-Home Essay Exams | |
| |
| |
| |
How to Write History Assignments: The Importance of Writing Skills | |
| |
| |
Why Clear Writing Is Important | |
| |
| |
The Components of Clear Writing | |
| |
| |
Write Clear Sentences | |
| |
| |
Do Not Clutter Sentences with Unnecessary Phrases | |
| |
| |
Avoid Using the Passive Voice | |
| |
| |
Use the Past Tense | |
| |
| |
Link Your Sentences | |
| |
| |
Write Clear and Coherent Paragraphs | |
| |
| |
Link Your Paragraphs | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Clear Writing | |
| |
| |
Building an Essay | |
| |
| |
The Need for a Clear Beginning | |
| |
| |
Creating a Writing Outline | |
| |
| |
The Importance of Continuity | |
| |
| |
Writing a Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Revising Your Paper | |
| |
| |
Proofreading Your Paper | |
| |
| |
Preparing Specific Writing Assignments | |
| |
| |
Writing Book Reviews | |
| |
| |
Sample Book Review | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Writing a Book Review | |
| |
| |
Writing Comparative Book Reviews | |
| |
| |
Comparing Essays or Articles | |
| |
| |
Comparing Primary Documents | |
| |
| |
Writing Short Essays | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Writing Short Essays | |
| |
| |
A Note on Plagiarism: A Serious Offense | |
| |
| |
| |
How to Research a History Topic | |
| |
| |
Beginning the Research Process | |
| |
| |
Choosing a Topic | |
| |
| |
Moving from a Topic to a Theme | |
| |
| |
Narrowing Your Theme | |
| |
| |
Moving from a Theme to a Thesis | |
| |
| |
Making an Argument in Support of Your Thesis | |
| |
| |
Creating a Preliminary Research Plan | |
| |
| |
Creating a Research Bibliography | |
| |
| |
Conducting Research | |
| |
| |
Using the Library Online Catalog to Locate Resources | |
| |
| |
Using Print and Electronic Reference Sources | |
| |
| |
Using Print and Electronic Periodical Databases | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Finding an Article in a Periodical Database | |
| |
| |
Locating Primary Sources | |
| |
| |
Using Internet Search Tools | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Conducting Internet Searches | |
| |
| |
Evaluating Web Sites | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Evaluating Web Sites | |
| |
| |
Navigating Web Sites | |
| |
| |
Evaluating Sources | |
| |
| |
Evaluating Secondary Sources | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Evaluating Secondary Sources | |
| |
| |
Evaluating Primary Sources | |
| |
| |
Special Problems of Evaluating Web-Based Sources | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Evaluating Web Sources | |
| |
| |
Interpreting Sources and Taking Notes | |
| |
| |
How to Read Your Sources | |
| |
| |
How to Record Information from Your Sources | |
| |
| |
How to Organize Your Notes | |
| |
| |
Avoiding Plagiarism | |
| |
| |
The Computer and Plagiarism | |
| |
| |
The Art of Paraphrasing | |
| |
| |
Plagiarism and Group Work | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Avoiding Plagiarism | |
| |
| |
| |
How to Write a Research Paper | |
| |
| |
Preparing to Write | |
| |
| |
Why Your Paper Needs a Thesis | |
| |
| |
Organizing Your Paper | |
| |
| |
Preparing a Writing Outline | |
| |
| |
Plugging Your Research Notes into Your Outline | |
| |
| |
Writing the Text | |
| |
| |
The Rough Draft | |
| |
| |
Clear Writing: A Matter of Continuity | |
| |
| |
Quotations: When and How to Use Them | |
| |
| |
Incorporating Visual Materials into Your Paper | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Incorporating Visuals | |
| |
| |
Documenting Your Paper: Citing Your Sources | |
| |
| |
When and How to Use Footnotes and Endnotes | |
| |
| |
Directory to Footnote/Endnote Documentation Models | |
| |
| |
How to Write Footnotes and Endnotes | |
| |
| |
Directory to Bibliography Documentation Models | |
| |
| |
Organizing a Bibliography | |
| |
| |
Revising and Rewriting | |
| |
| |
Guidelines for Revising and Rewriting | |
| |
| |
Word Processing: Advantages and Dangers | |
| |
| |
Example of a Research Paper | |
| |
| |
How the Theme and Thesis Were Chosen | |
| |
| |
The Writing Outline for the Thesis | |
| |
| |
Turning Research into Writing: A Sample Research Paper -"Wage Slavery or True Independence: Women Workers in the Lowell, Massachusetts, Textile Mills, 1820-1850" | |
| |
| |
| |
Resources for History Research | |
| |
| |
Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, and Atlases | |
| |
| |
Historical Dictionaries-World | |
| |
| |
Historical Dictionaries-United States | |
| |
| |
Historical Encyclopedias-World | |
| |
| |
Historical Encyclopedias-Europe | |
| |
| |
Historical Encyclopedias-United States | |
| |
| |
Historical Atlases-World | |
| |
| |
Historical Atlases-United States | |
| |
| |
Biography Collections | |
| |
| |
International Biography Collections | |
| |
| |
United States Biography Collections | |
| |
| |
Newspaper Indexes and Databases | |
| |
| |
Newspaper Indexes and Databases-General | |
| |
| |
Newspaper Indexes and Databases-United States | |
| |
| |
Periodical Indexes and Databases | |
| |
| |
Magazine Indexes and Databases | |
| |
| |
Journal Indexes and Databases | |
| |
| |
Book Review Indexes and Databases | |
| |
| |
Public Documents | |
| |
| |
Public Documents-Britain and Canada | |
| |
| |
Public Documents-United States | |
| |
| |
Historical Statistics | |
| |
| |
Historical Statistics-General | |
| |
| |
Historical Statistics-National and Regional | |
| |
| |
Historical Statistics-United States | |
| |
| |
General Resources in World History | |
| |
| |
Reference Works and Bibliographies | |
| |
| |
Web Sites | |
| |
| |
Specialized Resources in World History | |
| |
| |
Ancient History | |
| |
| |
Europe-General | |
| |
| |
Europe-Medieval | |
| |
| |
Europe-Early Modern | |
| |
| |
Europe-Modern | |
| |
| |
Britain | |
| |
| |
Ireland and Scotland | |
| |
| |
East Europe | |
| |
| |
Russia and the Soviet Union | |
| |
| |
Africa | |
| |
| |
Middle East and North Africa | |
| |
| |
Asia | |
| |
| |
Australia and New Zealand | |
| |
| |
Latin America and the Caribbean | |
| |
| |
Canada | |
| |
| |
General Resources in United States History | |
| |
| |
Reference Works and Bibliographies | |
| |
| |
Web Sites | |
| |
| |
Specialized Resources in United States History | |
| |
| |
Regional, State, and Local | |
| |
| |
Colonial, Revolutionary, and Early National, 1607-1800 | |
| |
| |
Native American | |
| |
| |
Slavery and the Civil War | |
| |
| |
African American | |
| |
| |
Women's | |
| |
| |
Immigrant and Ethnic | |
| |
| |
Social and Cultural | |
| |
| |
Political | |
| |
| |
Foreign Relations and International | |
| |
| |
Science, Technology, Environment, and Medicine | |
| |
| |
Labor, Business, Economic, and Urban | |
| |
| |
Religious | |
| |
| |
Military | |
| |
| |
Electronic Discussion Lists in History | |
| |
| |
| |
Historical Sources in Your Own Backyard | |
| |
| |
How to Research Your Family History | |
| |
| |
Sources for County and Local History | |
| |
| |
Sources for Family History and Genealogical Research | |
| |
| |
Glossary | |
| |
| |
Index | |