| |
| |
| Acknowledgments | |
| |
| |
| Preface to the Second Edition | |
| |
| |
| Preface to the First Edition | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Big Picture | |
| |
| |
| |
| Economic Principles | |
| |
| |
| |
| Network effects and interconnection | |
| |
| |
| |
| Economies of scale and density | |
| |
| |
| |
| Information platforms, monopoly leveraging, and net neutrality | |
| |
| |
| |
| Technological Convergence and Statutory Obsolescence | |
| |
| |
| |
| Competition Policy in Wireline Telecommunications | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Primer on Wireline Technology | |
| |
| |
| |
| Transmission pipes: loops and transport | |
| |
| |
| |
| Switches | |
| |
| |
| Circuit switching | |
| |
| |
| Packet switching | |
| |
| |
| |
| Traditional Telephone Rate Regulation | |
| |
| |
| |
| The basics of price regulation | |
| |
| |
| The regulatory compact, rate-of-return regulation, and price caps | |
| |
| |
| Dual jurisdiction and access charges | |
| |
| |
| Tariffs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction to universal service policies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Wireline Competition Policy Before 1996 | |
| |
| |
| |
| Telecommunications equipment manufacturing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Long-distance competition and the AT&T consent decree | |
| |
| |
| |
| The rise of competitive access providers | |
| |
| |
| |
| The first steps toward local exchange competition | |
| |
| |
| |
| Wireline Competition Under the 1996 Act | |
| |
| |
| |
| The 1996 Act's main objectives | |
| |
| |
| |
| The nuts and bolts of the 1996 Act | |
| |
| |
| A taxonomy of carriers and services | |
| |
| |
| Interconnection and collocation rights | |
| |
| |
| Network elements and leasing rights | |
| |
| |
| Procedures for implementing the local competition provisions | |
| |
| |
| |
| The rise and fall of UNE-P | |
| |
| |
| The stakes of UNE-P | |
| |
| |
| The FCC, the "impairment" standard, and the courts | |
| |
| |
| The collapse of the consumer long-distance carriers | |
| |
| |
| |
| Wireline broadband facilities and the 1996 Act | |
| |
| |
| Line sharing | |
| |
| |
| Next generation networks | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Twilight of Monopoly-Era Regulation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Forbearance from monopoly-era regulation in the mass market | |
| |
| |
| |
| The partial deregulation of special-access services | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Spectrum | |
| |
| |
| |
| Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Nuts and Bolts of Spectrum Allocation and Assignment | |
| |
| |
| |
| Allocation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Assignment: from comparative hearings to auctions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Liberating the Airwaves | |
| |
| |
| |
| Beyond command and control | |
| |
| |
| |
| Reclaiming spectrum for mobile broadband | |
| |
| |
| Reclaiming government-held spectrum and options for spectrum sharing | |
| |
| |
| Reclaiming spectrum from broadcasters | |
| |
| |
| |
| Controversy in the transition | |
| |
| |
| The 2004 Nextel spectrum-relocation controversy | |
| |
| |
| Mobile satellite service controversies: Light Squared and DISH | |
| |
| |
| Avoiding the sunk cost fallacy in the assignment of spectrum rights | |
| |
| |
| |
| Commons: Einstein's cat in the age of the mouse | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Future of Interference Policy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mobile Wireless Services | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Basics of Cellular Technology | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Regulatory Landscape | |
| |
| |
| |
| A brief history of mobile wireless regulation | |
| |
| |
| |
| The general deregulation of wireless telephony | |
| |
| |
| |
| Competition Policy for the Wireless Broadband Ecosystem | |
| |
| |
| |
| Roaming | |
| |
| |
| |
| Interoperability | |
| |
| |
| |
| Number portability | |
| |
| |
| |
| Market concentration and the AT&T/T-Mobile merger controversy | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Primer on Internet Technology | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Basics | |
| |
| |
| |
| From analog to digital | |
| |
| |
| |
| Modularity and layering | |
| |
| |
| |
| The logic of the Internet | |
| |
| |
| |
| Killer apps: email and the Web | |
| |
| |
| |
| VoIP | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Internet's Physical Infrastructure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Beginnings | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Internet's Constituent IP Networks | |
| |
| |
| Access networks/ISPs | |
| |
| |
| Backbone networks and the basics of peering and transit | |
| |
| |
| CDNs and the disintermediation of Internet backbone networks | |
| |
| |
| |
| Net Neutrality and the Regulation of Broadband Internet Access | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Historical Origins of the Net Neutrality Movement | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Computer Inquiries | |
| |
| |
| |
| The "open-access" debate | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Net Neutrality Debate | |
| |
| |
| |
| The anti-blocking rule and "reasonable network management" | |
| |
| |
| The Madison River and Comcast-BitTorrent controversies | |
| |
| |
| The Open Internet Order and the differential treatment of fixed and mobile broadband platforms | |
| |
| |
| The concept of "reasonable network management" | |
| |
| |
| "Application agnosticism" and usage-sensitive pricing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Restrictions on favored treatment of particular content | |
| |
| |
| Background | |
| |
| |
| The FCC's "nondiscrimination" rule | |
| |
| |
| The "specialized services" exception, IP video, and data tiers | |
| |
| |
| Nondiscrimination and paid peering | |
| |
| |
| |
| The economic elements of the net neutrality debate | |
| |
| |
| Framing the debate | |
| |
| |
| Market power and residential broadband competition | |
| |
| |
| Vertical integration and the ICE principle | |
| |
| |
| Concerns about "manufactured scarcity" | |
| |
| |
| Weighing the costs and benefits of intervention | |
| |
| |
| |
| Title I, Title II, and the Limits of FCC Power | |
| |
| |
| |
| Overview of Title I and the FCC's "ancillary authority" | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Comcast decision and the "third way" proposal | |
| |
| |
| |
| Denouement and litigation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Interconnection and Intercarrier Compensation | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Historical Crazy Quilt of Intercarrier Compensation Schemes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction to PSTN interconnection rules and intercarrier compensation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Access charge arbitrage scandals-and their origin in regulatory artificiality | |
| |
| |
| |
| The ISP reciprocal compensation controversy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Intercarrier compensation and VoIP | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tariffs, CLEC access charges, and "traffic pumping" | |
| |
| |
| |
| Intercarrier compensation for mobile and tandem transit providers | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Rise of Bill-and-Keep as the Cornerstone of Intercarrier Compensation Reform | |
| |
| |
| |
| The economic challenges of a calling-network-pays regime | |
| |
| |
| |
| The bill-and-keep alternative | |
| |
| |
| |
| The USF-ICC Reform Order and the 1996 Act | |
| |
| |
| |
| Overview of the Order | |
| |
| |
| |
| Legal rationales and litigation | |
| |
| |
| The FCC's disputed jurisdiction | |
| |
| |
| The disputed legal basis for bill-and-keep | |
| |
| |
| |
| After the PSTN Sunset: Interconnection Policy in an All-IP World | |
| |
| |
| |
| VoIP-to-VoIP interconnection | |
| |
| |
| Telephone numbers in an all-IP world | |
| |
| |
| Indirect interconnection and QoS | |
| |
| |
| |
| Paid-peering disputes involving "eyeball" ISPs and CDNs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Concerns about Internet fragmentation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Universal Service in the Age of Broadband | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction to the Political Dynamics of Universal Service | |
| |
| |
| |
| Federal USF Disbursement Mechanisms | |
| |
| |
| |
| The nuts and bolts of the High Cost Fund (circa 2011) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Wireless ETCs and the rise and fall of the identical-support rule | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Connect America Fund | |
| |
| |
| |
| Federal USF Contribution Mechanisms | |
| |
| |
| |
| The traditional revenue-based assessment regime | |
| |
| |
| |
| Prospects for contribution reform | |
| |
| |
| |
| Competition in the Delivery of Video Programming | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Basics of the Video-Distribution Marketplace | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction to video programmers and distributors | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cable rate deregulation and the "a la carte" debate | |
| |
| |
| |
| Regulation of Relationships among Video-Distribution Platforms | |
| |
| |
| |
| Compulsory copyright licenses and retransmission consent | |
| |
| |
| |
| Must carry | |
| |
| |
| |
| Satellite retransmission of broadcast signals | |
| |
| |
| |
| The program-access rules | |
| |
| |
| |
| Online video distributors | |
| |
| |
| OVDs, copyright, and the definition of "MVPDs" | |
| |
| |
| OVDs and the Comcast-NBC "Universal merger conditions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Efforts to Protect Programming Competition and Diversity through Vertical Regulation of Broadcast Networks and MVPDs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Vertical integration concerns and-the finsyn case study | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cable operators, horizontal ownership restrictions, and the program-carriage rules | |
| |
| |
| Cable ownership restrictions | |
| |
| |
| The program-carriage rules | |
| |
| |
| |
| Restrictions on Ownership of Television Broadcast Stations | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Future of Telecommunications Competition Policy | |
| |
| |
| |
| First Principles of Institutional Reform | |
| |
| |
| |
| Judging Congress | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Antitrust Alternative | |
| |
| |
| |
| The FCC in Transition | |
| |
| |
| |
| Expertise | |
| |
| |
| |
| Determinacy | |
| |
| |
| Relations with reviewing courts | |
| |
| |
| Relations with the states | |
| |
| |
| Relations with coordinate merger-review authorities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Transparency | |
| |
| |
| |
| Neutrality | |
| |
| |
| |
| Humility | |
| |
| |
| Notes | |
| |
| |
| Index | |