| |
| |
Brief Contents | |
| |
| |
| |
Self-Direction in a Changing World | |
| |
| |
| |
The Puzzle of Childhood | |
| |
| |
| |
Affirmative Aging Adulthood | |
| |
| |
| |
Seeking Selfhood | |
| |
| |
| |
Toward Better Health | |
| |
| |
| |
Taking Charge | |
| |
| |
| |
Managing Motives and Emotions | |
| |
| |
| |
Making and Keeping Friends | |
| |
| |
| |
Leader or Follower? | |
| |
| |
| |
At Work and Play | |
| |
| |
| |
Sexuality | |
| |
| |
| |
Love and Commitment | |
| |
| |
| |
Stress | |
| |
| |
| |
Understanding Mental Disorders | |
| |
| |
| |
If You Go for Help | |
| |
| |
| |
Good Grief and Death | |
| |
| |
Full Table of Contents | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Self-Direction in a Changing World | |
| |
| |
Social Change | |
| |
| |
Living in a Technological World | |
| |
| |
Living with Other Social Changes | |
| |
| |
How Certain Is Our Future | |
| |
| |
The Challenge of Self-Direction | |
| |
| |
Self-Direction and Society | |
| |
| |
The Ambiguity of Personal Freedom | |
| |
| |
Taking Charge of Our Lives | |
| |
| |
Living in Today's Individualized Society | |
| |
| |
Themes of Personal Growth | |
| |
| |
Living With Contradictions and Uncertainty | |
| |
| |
Continuity and Change | |
| |
| |
The Experience of Personal Growth | |
| |
| |
Beyond Individualism | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Becoming | |
| |
| |
| |
The Journey Begins Childhood | |
| |
| |
Perspectives on Child Development | |
| |
| |
The Biological Perspective on Child Development | |
| |
| |
Nature versus Nurture - An Old Debate | |
| |
| |
A Newer Approach | |
| |
| |
Applying It to Yourself | |
| |
| |
The Psychodynamic Perspective on Child Development | |
| |
| |
Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Environment | |
| |
| |
Development of Personality | |
| |
| |
The Structure of Personality | |
| |
| |
Personality Dynamics | |
| |
| |
Modifications | |
| |
| |
Applying It to Yourself | |
| |
| |
The Social-Cognitive Perspective on Child Development | |
| |
| |
Social Learning Theories | |
| |
| |
Recent Additions | |
| |
| |
Cognition and Behavior | |
| |
| |
Applying It to Yourself | |
| |
| |
The Humanistic Perspective on Development | |
| |
| |
The Phenomenal Self | |
| |
| |
Self-Actualization | |
| |
| |
Applying It to Yourself | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Developmental Challenges in Childhood | |
| |
| |
Temperament | |
| |
| |
Self-Recognition and Self-Concept | |
| |
| |
Attachment | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Affirmative Aging Adulthood | |
| |
| |
Adult Development | |
| |
| |
Decisions, Decisions, Decisions - Early Adulthood | |
| |
| |
Leaving Home | |
| |
| |
Choosing a Career | |
| |
| |
Establishing Close Relationships | |
| |
| |
Starting a Family | |
| |
| |
Same Old, Same Old? - Middle Adulthood | |
| |
| |
Midlife Transition or Midlife Crisis? | |
| |
| |
Physical and Cognitive Changes | |
| |
| |
Possible Career Changes | |
| |
| |
Sexual Changes | |
| |
| |
Aging Gracefully - Late Adulthood | |
| |
| |
Physical and Cognitive Changes | |
| |
| |
Personal and Social Adjustment | |
| |
| |
Retirement | |
| |
| |
Successful Aging | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Answers to Aging Quiz | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Better Than Ever | |
| |
| |
| |
Seeking Selfhood | |
| |
| |
What is the Self-Concept | |
| |
| |
Self-Image | |
| |
| |
Ideal self | |
| |
| |
Multiple Selves | |
| |
| |
Core Characteristics of Self-Concept | |
| |
| |
Self-Consistency | |
| |
| |
Self-Esteem | |
| |
| |
Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification | |
| |
| |
The Self-Concept and Personal Growth | |
| |
| |
The Self You'd Like to Be | |
| |
| |
Our Social Selves | |
| |
| |
Learning from Criticism | |
| |
| |
Greater Self-Direction | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Toward Better Health | |
| |
| |
Body Image | |
| |
| |
How We Feel About Our Bodies | |
| |
| |
Our Ideal Body | |
| |
| |
Psychological Factors and Physical Illness | |
| |
| |
The Immune System | |
| |
| |
Personality | |
| |
| |
Lifestyle Choices | |
| |
| |
Environmental Issues | |
| |
| |
Coping with Illness | |
| |
| |
Noticing and Interpreting Symptoms | |
| |
| |
Seeking Help | |
| |
| |
Adhering to Treatment | |
| |
| |
Promoting Wellness | |
| |
| |
Taking Charge of Your Own Health | |
| |
| |
Eating Sensibly | |
| |
| |
Getting Enough Sleep | |
| |
| |
Keeping Physically Fit | |
| |
| |
Finding Social Support | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Taking Charge | |
| |
| |
Mastery and Personal Control | |
| |
| |
Perceived Control | |
| |
| |
Consequences of Perceived Control | |
| |
| |
Misperception and Maladjustment | |
| |
| |
Learned Optimism | |
| |
| |
Personal Resolve and Decision Making | |
| |
| |
The Process of Decision Making | |
| |
| |
Making Better Decisions | |
| |
| |
Decisions and Personal Growth | |
| |
| |
Identifying the Basic Decisions in Your Life | |
| |
| |
Making New Decisions | |
| |
| |
Some Practical Applications | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Managing Motives and Emotions | |
| |
| |
Understanding Motivation | |
| |
| |
Understanding Your Needs | |
| |
| |
Differences between You and Others | |
| |
| |
Everyone's Basic Needs | |
| |
| |
Psychosocial Motives | |
| |
| |
Personal Motivation | |
| |
| |
Understanding Emotions | |
| |
| |
What are Emotions? | |
| |
| |
Experiencing Emotions | |
| |
| |
Expressing Emotions | |
| |
| |
Managing Emotions | |
| |
| |
Special Emotions | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Being Social | |
| |
| |
| |
Making and Keeping Friends | |
| |
| |
Meeting People | |
| |
| |
Are First Impressions Most Important? | |
| |
| |
Mistaken Impressions | |
| |
| |
Shyness | |
| |
| |
Keeping Friends | |
| |
| |
Friendships are Precious | |
| |
| |
When Friends Get Together | |
| |
| |
Self-Disclosure - Those Little Secrets | |
| |
| |
Same-Sex, Opposite-Sex Friends | |
| |
| |
Staying Friends | |
| |
| |
Loneliness | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Leader or Follower? | |
| |
| |
Kinds of Groups | |
| |
| |
Favored Groups - Primary Groups | |
| |
| |
Bigger than Both of Us - Secondary Groups | |
| |
| |
What Goes Wrong at Rock Concerts? - Collectives | |
| |
| |
"Us" Versus "Them" - In-Groups and Out-Groups | |
| |
| |
How Do Groups Form? | |
| |
| |
Why Join a Group? | |
| |
| |
What Goes on in Groups? | |
| |
| |
What Did You Say? - Communication Patterns | |
| |
| |
You Want Me to Do What? - Social Influence | |
| |
| |
Let the Other Guy Do It - Social Loafing | |
| |
| |
All in Favor Say "Aye" - Group Polarization | |
| |
| |
Are Leaders Made or Born? | |
| |
| |
The Great Man Theory | |
| |
| |
Situational Explanations of Leadership | |
| |
| |
Contingency Theory | |
| |
| |
Contemporary Theories | |
| |
| |
Gender and Leadership | |
| |
| |
Culture and Leadership | |
| |
| |
When Groups Go Wrong | |
| |
| |
The Fiasco of Groupthink | |
| |
| |
A Little Shove Goes a Long Way - Group Conflict | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
At Work and Play | |
| |
| |
Choosing Your Career | |
| |
| |
Taking Stock of Yourself | |
| |
| |
Identifying Compatible Careers | |
| |
| |
Arriving at Your Career Decision | |
| |
| |
Preparing for Your Career | |
| |
| |
Your Career Outlook | |
| |
| |
Forecasting Your Career's Growth | |
| |
| |
Changing Jobs or Careers | |
| |
| |
Contemporary Issues in the World of Work | |
| |
| |
Job Satisfaction | |
| |
| |
Technology and Work | |
| |
| |
Diversity in the Workplace | |
| |
| |
Leisure Time | |
| |
| |
What is Leisure? | |
| |
| |
Work and Leisure | |
| |
| |
Using Leisure Positively | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Being Intimate | |
| |
| |
| |
Sexuality | |
| |
| |
Men and Women | |
| |
| |
Changing Views of Sexuality | |
| |
| |
Sexual Communication | |
| |
| |
Initiating and Refusing Sex | |
| |
| |
Sexual Responsiveness | |
| |
| |
The Sexual Response Cycle | |
| |
| |
Individual Differences | |
| |
| |
Love and Sex | |
| |
| |
Practical Issues | |
| |
| |
Sexual Dysfunctions | |
| |
| |
Contraception | |
| |
| |
Sexual Transmitted Diseases | |
| |
| |
Sexual Victimization | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Love and Commitment | |
| |
| |
Love and Intimacy | |
| |
| |
The Ingredients of Love | |
| |
| |
Love and Close Relationships | |
| |
| |
Commitment | |
| |
| |
Cohabitation | |
| |
| |
Marriage and Other Committed Relationships | |
| |
| |
Adjusting to Intimate Relationships | |
| |
| |
Sharing Responsibilities | |
| |
| |
Communication and Conflict | |
| |
| |
Making the Relationship Better | |
| |
| |
Sexuality | |
| |
| |
Changes over Time | |
| |
| |
Divorce and Its Consequences | |
| |
| |
The Divorce Experience | |
| |
| |
Single-Parent Families | |
| |
| |
Remarriage | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Facing Challenges | |
| |
| |
| |
Stress | |
| |
| |
Oh No! - Understanding Stress | |
| |
| |
Conceptualizing Stress | |
| |
| |
Stress and You | |
| |
| |
Yikes! - Reactions to Stress | |
| |
| |
Physiological Stress Reactions | |
| |
| |
Psychological Stress Reactions | |
| |
| |
How Do You React to Stress? | |
| |
| |
Phew! - Managing Stress | |
| |
| |
Modifying Your Environment | |
| |
| |
Altering Your Lifestyle | |
| |
| |
Using Stress for Personal Growth | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Understanding Mental Disorders | |
| |
| |
Psychological Disorders | |
| |
| |
What Are Psychological Disorders? | |
| |
| |
How common are Psychological Disorders? | |
| |
| |
How are Disorders Classified? | |
| |
| |
Anxiety Disorders: the Most Common Disorder | |
| |
| |
Generalized Anxiety Disorder | |
| |
| |
Phobias: Fear of Something That Won't Really Hurt | |
| |
| |
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: the Doubting Disease | |
| |
| |
Trauma and Disaster | |
| |
| |
Mood Disorders | |
| |
| |
What is Depression? | |
| |
| |
Suicide: Who and Why? | |
| |
| |
What is Bipolar Disorder? | |
| |
| |
Other Common Disorders | |
| |
| |
Do You Have an Eating Disorder? | |
| |
| |
What are Personality Disorders? | |
| |
| |
Schizophrenia - the Enigmatic Disorder | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
If You Go for Help | |
| |
| |
Insight Therapies - the Talking Cure | |
| |
| |
Psychoanalysis | |
| |
| |
The Person-Centered Approach | |
| |
| |
A Variety of Approaches | |
| |
| |
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies | |
| |
| |
Behavioral Therapies | |
| |
| |
Cognitive Therapies | |
| |
| |
Status of Psychotherapy Today | |
| |
| |
Other Approaches to Treatment | |
| |
| |
Family, Couples, and Relationship Therapy | |
| |
| |
Biomedical Therapies | |
| |
| |
Community-Based Services | |
| |
| |
How Well Does Therapy Work | |
| |
| |
Finding Help | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
| |
Good Grief and Death | |
| |
| |
Death and Dying | |
| |
| |
Risks of Dying | |
| |
| |
Awareness of Death | |
| |
| |
Near-Death Experiences | |
| |
| |
The Experience of Dying | |
| |
| |
Bereavement and Grief | |
| |
| |
Grief Work | |
| |
| |
Unresolved Grief | |
| |
| |
Good Grief | |
| |
| |
Life and Death in Perspective | |
| |
| |
The Right to Die | |
| |
| |
A Natural Death | |
| |
| |
Funerals and Other Services | |
| |
| |
Death and Growth | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Self-Test | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
Questions for Self-Reflection | |
| |
| |
For Further Information | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self-Tests | |
| |
| |
Glossary | |
| |
| |
References | |