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A Process For Composing | |
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What is composing? | |
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What is rhetoric? | |
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Audience | |
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Context | |
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Purpose | |
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Strategies | |
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Rhetoric and a process for composing | |
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Understanding your project or assignment | |
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Finding Ideas | |
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Composing to learn and composing to communicate | |
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A research process | |
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Getting started with research | |
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Finding a topic | |
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Narrowing a topic | |
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How do you know when you have a narrowed topic? | |
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Other strategies for narrowing a topic | |
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Questions to guide research | |
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Using research questions to develop a topic | |
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Kinds of sources, kinds of research | |
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Kinds of research | |
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Determining where to research | |
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Choosing sources | |
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Periodicals | |
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Books | |
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Webpages | |
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Finding sources | |
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Library research | |
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Using library journal databases | |
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Online research | |
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Archives and special collections | |
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Field research sources | |
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What if you can't find anything on your topic? | |
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Keeping track of sources | |
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Starting a paper | |
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Sample research questions | |
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Analyzing Arguments and Evaluating Sources | |
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What is analysis? | |
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Understanding and analyzing texts | |
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Developing a sense of the author | |
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Understanding appeals to emotions | |
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Understanding arrangement | |
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Sample analysis essay | |
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Analyzing arguments | |
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Thesis statements | |
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What counts as evidence | |
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Further questions to guide critical reading | |
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Critical reading | |
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Sample annotated argument | |
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Sample rhetorical analysis | |
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Questions to guide critical looking | |
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Sample analysis of a visual text | |
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Evaluating sources | |
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For relevance | |
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For credibility���print | |
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For credibility���online | |
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Using analysis to develop a thesis statement | |
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Sample thesis statements | |
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Organizing and Shaping Texts | |
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What is organization? | |
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Conceptual frameworks and genres | |
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Academic genres | |
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Writing in the humanities | |
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Writing in the sciences | |
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Writing in the social sciences | |
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Using a thesis statement to organize an academic paper | |
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Sample thesis statement organizing a paper | |
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Workplace genres | |
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Resumes | |
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Popular genres | |
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Shaping paragraphs | |
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Unified and coherent paragraphs | |
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Paragraphs that develop | |
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Visual organization | |
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Organization for oral presentations | |
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Drafting a Paper, Connecting with Audiences | |
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Understanding your audience | |
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Characteristics of your audience | |
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Connections with the issue | |
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Starting to write for an audience | |
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How to write a statement of purpose | |
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Sample statement of purpose | |
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A rough draft | |
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Sample rough draft | |
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Receiving feedback to a draft | |
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Responding to the writing of your peers | |
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Sample peer response | |
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Revising With Style | |
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Revising your writing | |
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Developing a revision plan | |
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Sample revision plan | |
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Revising, style and audience | |
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Style in writing | |
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Styles readers expect in different settings | |
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Styling paragraphs | |
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Concluding paragraphs | |
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Introductory paragraphs | |
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Transitions between paragraphs | |
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Passive voice | |
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Styling sentences | |
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Academic sentences | |
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Sentences that are easy to read | |
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Using coordination and subordination | |
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Parallelism | |
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Figurative language | |
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Styling words | |
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Dictionary definitions | |
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Names | |
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Action verbs | |
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Concrete nouns | |
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Clichÿs | |
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Jargon | |
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Wordiness | |
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Style in visual texts | |
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Typography | |
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Color | |
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Style in oral presentations | |
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Writing for Diverse Audiences | |
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Varieties of English | |
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Academic English | |
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English as a global language | |
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Writing English when English is not your home language | |
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Using inclusive language | |
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Including all ethnicities | |
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Including all genders | |
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Including all abilities | |
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Including all ages | |
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Including all sexual orientations | |
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Including all religions | |
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Using an ESL dictionary | |
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Documenting | |
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Researching ethically | |
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Why cite and document sources? | |
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What is plagiarism? | |
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Tips for avoiding plagiarism | |
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Four facets of citing and documenting | |
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Quoting, summarizing, and paraphrasing | |
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Quoting the words of others | |
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Summarizing the words of others | |
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Paraphrasing the words of others | |
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Five kinds of sources | |
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Collecting citation information for books | |
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Collecting citation information for Part of a book | |
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Collecting citation information for periodicals | |
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Collecting citation information for webpages | |
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MLA Documentation | |
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A paper in MLA format | |
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Sample research paper | |
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For in-text citations | |
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Variations on the pattern | |
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For works cited | |
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Sample works cited page | |
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For periodicals | |
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For articles from databases | |
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For webpages | |
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For books | |
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For Parts of books | |
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For other kinds of texts | |
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Author's name | |
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Titles | |
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Periodical volume, issue, number, and date | |
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Page numbers for articles from periodicals | |
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Place of publication | |
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Year of publication | |
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Website titles | |
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Additional information | |
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For other kinds of texts | |
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APA Documentation | |
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A paper in APA format | |
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Sample research paper | |
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A reference list page in APA format | |
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Sample references page | |
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In-text citations | |
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Reference list entries | |
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CSE Documentation | |
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In text | |
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References | |
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CMS Documentation | |
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In text | |
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References | |
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Editing and Proofreading Your Work | |
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Editing and proofreading | |
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How to edit | |
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How to proofread | |
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Subject-verb agreement | |
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Academic verb tenses | |
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Shifts in verb tenses | |
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Shifts in grammatical forms | |
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Sentence fragments | |
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Run-on sentences | |
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Pronoun reference and agreement | |
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Misplaced and dangling modifiers | |
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Grammar | |
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Parts of speech | |
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Nouns | |
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Pronouns | |
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Adjectives | |
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Articles | |
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Verbs | |
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Adverbs | |
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Prepositions | |
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Conjunctions | |
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Sentence functions | |
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Sentence patterms | |
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Simple sentences | |
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Subjects and predicates | |
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Independent clauses | |
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Compound sentences | |
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Complex sentences | |
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Compound-complex sentences | |
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Punctuation | |
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Commas | |
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With numbers, place names, and dates | |
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When you are quoting the words of others | |
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To separate words in lists | |
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To build sentences that contain multiple Parts | |
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When not to use commas | |
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Semicolons | |
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Colons | |
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In conventional patterns | |
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For information at the end of a sentence | |
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To link two sentences | |
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Parentheses | |
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Dashes | |
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Brackets | |
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Hyphens | |
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Slashes | |
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Ellipses | |
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Apostrophes | |
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Quotation marks | |
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Periods | |
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Question marks | |
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Exclamation points | |
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Mechanics | |
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Using italics and underlining | |
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Spelling | |
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Capitalizing words | |
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Abbreviations | |
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Numbers | |
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Glossary of grammatical terms and usage | |
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Index | |
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Revision checklist | |
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Revision symbols | |
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Questions about research (inside back cover) | |
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A writer's concerns (inside back cover) | |