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| Preface | |
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| A Connection of Brains | |
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| Separate but Related Processes | |
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| The Unique Characteristics of Human Speech | |
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| Speech: The Tale of Two Brains | |
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| Web Sites to Explore | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References and Suggested Readings | |
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| Language Acquisition: A Theoretical Journey | |
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| Evidence of Biological and Environmental Influences on Language Learning | |
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| A Review: The Major Theories of Language Acquisition | |
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| Web Sites to Explore | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References and Suggested Readings | |
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| Cognitive Development: Building a Foundation for Language | |
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| Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development | |
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| Vygotsky's Theory of Cognitive Development: A Sociocultural Perspective | |
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| Dynamic Systems Theory | |
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| The Perceptual Groundwork for Communication | |
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| Executive Functions | |
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| Web Sites to Explore | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References and Suggested Readings | |
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| In the Beginning: Communication Development from Birth to 2 Years | |
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| From the Beginning, the Infant Communicates | |
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| Ready to Receive Language: Perception and Comprehension of Words | |
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| Ready to Speak: Expressive Growth in Infancy | |
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| The Development of Communication Functions: Using Communication to Get Things Done | |
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| Beyond Infancy: The Emergence of Language | |
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| Early Syntactic Development: A Stage Model | |
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| Early Stage 1 (MLU: 1.0 to 1.5; Age: 12 to 22 Months) | |
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| Late Stage 1: Syntactic Development-Words to Word Combinations (MLU: 1.5 to 2.0; Age: 22 to 26 Months) | |
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| Comprehension and Production: A Critical and Evolving Relationship | |
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| The Role of the Caregiver in the Acquisition of Early Language | |
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| Social Routines Involving Literacy: Songs, Rhymes, and Stories | |
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| Stage 1: A Brief Look Back and a Glimpse Forward | |
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| Web Sites to Explore | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References and Suggested Readings | |
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| The Saga Continues: Language Development Through the Preschool Years | |
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| Stage 2: Elaborating Structure and Refining Meaning | |
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| Stage 3: Producing Longer, More Adultlike Sentences | |
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| Stage 4: Elaboration with Phrases and Clauses | |
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| Stage 5: Polishing the Act | |
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| The Role of Comprehension and Production in Language Development | |
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| Web Sites to Explore | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References and Suggested Readings | |
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| Taking Language to School and into Adulthood | |
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| Semantic Development | |
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| Syntax and Morphology | |
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| Pragmatics, Conversation, and Narratives | |
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| Metalinguistic Development During the School Years | |
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| Learning to Read and Write | |
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| Language in Adulthood | |
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| And the Beat Goes On | |
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| Web Sites to Explore | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References and Suggested Readings | |
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| The Building Blocks of Speech | |
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| Describing Speech Sounds | |
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| Early Development of Speech Sounds | |
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| Later Development of Speech Sounds | |
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| Coarticulation and Suprasegmental Aspects of Speech Production | |
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| The Roles of Biology, Cognition, and Social Interaction in Phonological Development | |
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| Web Sites to Explore | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References and Suggested Readings | |
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| Language Diversity: Regional and Social/Cultural Differences | |
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| Dialects and Accents | |
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| Regional Dialects | |
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| Social/Cutural Dialects | |
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| The Changing Face of America and Bilingual Language Development | |
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| Bilingualism | |
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| Cognition, Language, and Literacy Development | |
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| The Optimal Age of Second Language Learning | |
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| A Closer Look at Simultaneous Bilingualism | |
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| A Closer Look at Successive or Sequential Bilingualism | |
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| Stages of Language Development in Bilingual Children | |
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| Cultural Diversity in the Public Schools | |
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| Web Sites to Explore | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References and Suggested Readings | |
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| Speech and Language Disorders in the Home, School, and Community | |
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| Causes and Types of Communication Disorders | |
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| Interrelationships of Speech and Language Disorders | |
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| Speech Disorders | |
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| Summary | |
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| Final Thoughts | |
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| Web Sites to Explore | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References and Suggested Readings | |
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| Appendix: The Anatomical and Physiological Bases of Speech, Language, and Hearing | |
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| Speech as the Product of Borrowed Structures | |
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| The Four Processes Speech | |
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| Respiration | |
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| Phonation | |
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| Resonation | |
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| Articulation | |
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| The Four Processes in Review | |
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| The Brain: The Computer Center for Speech and Language | |
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| The Ear: An Energy Transformer | |
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| The Complete Speech and Language Machine | |
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| Web Sites to Explore | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References and Suggested Readings | |
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| Name Index | |
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| Subject Index | |