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| Introduction | |
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| What Are Rhetorical Messages? | |
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| Characteristics of Rhetoric | |
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| Definition of Rhetoric | |
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| Rhetorical Terminology | |
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| Why Study Rhetorical Messages? | |
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| Criticism: What Critics Do with Rhetorical Messages | |
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| Reaction versus Critique | |
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| Characteristics of Critics | |
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| A Critical Stance: In the Balcony | |
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| How This Book Can Help | |
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| Message Analysis Matters!; | |
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| Process to Product | |
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| Four Kinds of Critical Thinking | |
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| Creative and Critical Thinking | |
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| The Process of Critical Analysis of Messages | |
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| Notes | |
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| The Process of Description | |
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| Approaches to Describing a Text | |
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| Recording Your Thinking | |
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| Approaches to Describing Context | |
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| Conducting Relevant Research | |
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| Text-Context Interaction | |
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| Applications of Text-Context Interactions | |
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| Notes | |
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| The Process of Analysis | |
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| Naming the Parts of the Message | |
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| Looking for Rhetorical Patterns | |
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| Sample Analysis | |
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| Deriving Questions from the Analysis | |
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| Notes | |
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| The Process of Interpretation | |
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| Characteristics of Interpretation | |
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| How Does a Critic Develop an Interpretation? | |
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| The Process of Evaluation | |
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| Types of Judgments | |
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| Selecting a Type of Judgment | |
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| Sample Evaluation | |
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| Writing Your Ideas | |
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| Effectively Arguing Your Claims about Messages | |
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| Documenting Your Sources | |
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| Notes | |
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| Analytical Tools | |
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| Classical Approaches | |
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| Classical Approaches: Ancient Rhetoric | |
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| Some Classical Rhetorical Concepts | |
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| The Classical Model Applied | |
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| Notes | |
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| Suggested Readings | |
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| Classical Approaches: New Rhetoric | |
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| Toulmin and Everyday Argument | |
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| Perelman and the New Rhetoric | |
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| The New Rhetoric Applied | |
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| Notes | |
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| Suggested Readings | |
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| Dramatistic Approaches | |
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| The Narrative Paradigm | |
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| Some Vocabulary of the Narrative Paradigm | |
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| Narrative Paradigm Applied | |
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| Two Concepts--Four Concerns | |
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| Narrative Applied toWWF Smackdown! | |
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| Suggested Readings; | |
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| Fantasy Theme Analysis | |
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| Fantasy Theme Analysis Contrasted with Narrative | |
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| Some Basic Concepts of Fantasy Theme Analysis | |
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| The Process of Fantasy Theme Analysis | |
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| Fantasy Theme Applied: Gettysburg Address | |
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| The Fantasy Themes ofWWF Smackdown! | |
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| Notes | |
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| Suggested Readings; | |
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| Burkeian Analysis | |
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| The Negative and Human Speech | |
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| The Pentad | |
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| Two Examples of the Pentad Applied | |
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| Using Pentadic Ratios | |
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| Discovering Motives | |
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| Burkeian Concepts Applied toWWF Smackdown! | |
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| Notes | |
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| Suggested Readings; | |
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| Sociopolitical Approaches | |
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| Ideological Approaches | |
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| Critical Theory | |
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| Hegemony and Marginalization | |
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| Legitimation | |
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| Naturalization | |
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| Ideological Concepts Applied toBeauty and the BeastandShrek | |
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| Notes | |
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| Suggested Readings; | |
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| Feminist Approaches | |
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| Liberal Feminism | |
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| Cultural Feminism | |
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| Postmodern Feminism | |
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| Feminist Concepts Applied toBeauty and the Beast andShrek | |
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| Notes | |
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| Suggested Readings | |
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| Postmodern Approaches | |
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| Deconstruction | |
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| Ideographs | |
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| Discursive Formations | |
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| Using the Postmodern Approaches | |
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| Postmodern Concepts Applied to "America" | |
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| Notes | |
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| Suggested Readings; | |
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| Visual Approaches | |
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| Visual Communication | |
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| Visual Messages and Argument | |
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| The Nature of Visual Messages | |
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| Semantics and Visual Communication | |
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| Functions of Visuals in Persuasion | |
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| An Application | |
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| Expanding the Analysis | |
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| Notes | |
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| Suggested Readings | |
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| Appendices | |
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| Sample Analysis of "She's Leaving Home" | |
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| Sample Student Paper: Barbara Jordan's Keynote Address at the 1992 Democratic National Convention: A Neutral Approach to a Partisan Task | |
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| Sample Student Paper: A Response to the Death of a Princess: The Form and Function of a Eulogy | |