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| To the Instructor | |
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| To the Student | |
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| A Lifetime of Reading | |
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| Literature: What Is It? | |
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| Literature for Children | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Genre in Children's Literature | |
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| Realism | |
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| Realistic Stories | |
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| Animal Realism | |
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| Historical Realism | |
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| Sports Stories | |
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| Formula Fiction | |
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| Mysteries and Thrillers | |
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| Romantic Stories | |
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| Series Books | |
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| Fantasy | |
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| Fantastic Stories | |
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| High Fantasy | |
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| Science Fiction | |
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| Traditional Literature | |
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| Fables | |
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| Folktales | |
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| Myths | |
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| Legends and Hero Tales | |
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| Folk Epics | |
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| Poetry | |
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| Informational Books | |
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| Across Genre Lines | |
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| Classics | |
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| Genre in Children's Literature | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Picture Books | |
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| The Illustrative Elements of the Picture Book | |
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| Designing the Book | |
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| Picturing Figurative Language | |
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| Amplifying the Text | |
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| Changing the Story | |
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| The Literary Elements of the Picture Book | |
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| Character | |
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| Plot | |
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| Theme | |
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| Setting | |
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| Point of View | |
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| Style | |
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| Tone | |
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| Lasting Favorites | |
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| Wordless Picture Books | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Character | |
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| Revelation of Character | |
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| By Actions | |
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| By Speech | |
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| By Appearance | |
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| By Others' Comments | |
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| By Author's Comments | |
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| Unity of Character and Action | |
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| Types of Characters | |
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| Flat Characters | |
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| Round Characters | |
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| Change in Character | |
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| Special Issues of Character in Children's Literature | |
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| Traditional Literature | |
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| Animal Realism | |
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| Science Fiction | |
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| Classics | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Plot | |
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| Types of Narrative Order | |
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| Chronological Order | |
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| Variations in Narrative Order | |
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| Flashbacks | |
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| Types of Conflict | |
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| Person-Against-Self | |
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| Person-Against-Person | |
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| Person-Against-Society | |
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| Person-Against-Nature | |
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| Patterns of Action | |
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| Suspense | |
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| The Cliff-hanger | |
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| Foreshadowing | |
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| Sensationalism | |
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| The Climax | |
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| Denouement | |
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| Inevitability | |
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| Types of Plots | |
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| Special Issues of Plot in Children's Literature | |
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| Coincidence | |
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| Sentimentality | |
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| Lack of Conflict | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Theme | |
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| Theme or Unifying Truth | |
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| Types of Themes | |
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| Explicit Theme | |
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| Implicit Theme | |
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| Multiple and Secondary Themes | |
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| Special Issues of Theme in Children's Literature | |
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| Traditional Literature | |
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| Didacticism | |
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| Nonsense | |
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| Mature Themes in Children's Stories | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Setting | |
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| Types of Settings | |
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| Integral Setting | |
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| Backdrop Setting | |
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| Setting in Charlott'e Web | |
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| Functions of Setting | |
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| Setting That Clarifies Conflict | |
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| Setting as Antagonist | |
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| Setting That Illuminates Character | |
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| Setting and Mood | |
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| Setting as Symbol | |
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| Special Issues of Setting in Children's Literature | |
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| Traditional Literature | |
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| Fantasy and Science Fiction | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Point of View | |
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| Types of Point of View | |
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| First-Person Point of View | |
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| Omniscient Point of View | |
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| Limited Omniscient Point of View | |
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| Objective (Dramatic) Point of View | |
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| Variations in Point of View | |
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| Special Issues of Point of View in Children's Literature | |
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| Maturity of the Reader | |
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| Animal Realism | |
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| Fantasy | |
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| Stories of Various Cultures | |
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| Summary | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Style | |
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| Devices of Style | |
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| Connotation | |
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| Imagery | |
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| Figurative Language | |
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| Hyperbole | |
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| Understatement | |
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| Allusion | |
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| Symbol | |
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| Puns and Wordplay | |
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| Devices of Sound | |
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| Onomatopoeia | |
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| Alliteration | |
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| Assonance | |
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| Consonance | |
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| Rhythm | |
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| Special Issues of Style in Children's Literature | |
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| Trite Versus Fresh Style | |
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| Retellings and Translations | |
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| Stories of Other Periods and Places | |
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| High Fantasy | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Tone | |
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| Tone in Charlotte's Web | |
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| Humor | |
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| Parody | |
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| Differing Tastes in Tone | |
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| Tone Related to the Author's Choice of Materials | |
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| Special Issues of Tone in Children's Literature | |
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| Condescension | |
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| Sentimentality | |
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| Sensationalism | |
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| Didacticism | |
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| Changing Values | |
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| Variety of Tone | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| From Rhyme to Poetry | |
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| Nursery Rhymes | |
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| Literary Elements | |
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| Style | |
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| Nonsense | |
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| Rhythm and Sound | |
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| Compactness and Surprise | |
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| Poetry | |
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| Prose and Poetry | |
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| Verse and Poetry | |
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| Kinds of Poetry | |
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| Rhythm | |
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| Sound Patterns | |
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| Figurativeness | |
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| Compactness | |
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| Emotional Intensity | |
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| Negative Qualities in Poetry | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| |
| Books Containing Poems Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Biography | |
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| Biography Defined | |
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| The Writer's Obligations | |
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| Biography and Fiction | |
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| Tone and Style | |
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| Concepts and Didacticism | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Informational Books | |
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| Nonfiction Defined | |
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| Wonder as Motivation | |
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| Informational Books | |
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| Organization and Scope | |
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| Narrative Form | |
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| Style | |
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| Illustration | |
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| Special Issues in Nonfiction in Children's Literature | |
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| |
| Tone | |
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| Didacticism and Propaganda | |
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| Publishing Trends | |
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| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Notes | |
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| Recommended Books Cited in This Chapter | |
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| Children's Book Awards | |
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| |
| |
| Selected Children's Magazines | |
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| |
| |
| Selected Reviewing Media for Children's Books | |
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| |
| |
| Selected Websites about Children's Literature | |
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| |
| Glossary of Literary Terms | |
| |
| |
| Credits | |
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| |
| Index | |