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Introduction | |
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What is cancer? | |
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Evidence suggests that cancer is a disease of the genome at the cellular level | |
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Influential factors in human carcinogenesis | |
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Principles of conventional cancer therapies | |
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Clinical trials | |
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The role of molecular targets in cancer therapies | |
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DNA structure and stability: mutations versus repair | |
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Gene structure-two parts of a gene: the regulatory region and the coding region | |
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Mutations | |
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Carcinogenic agents | |
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DNA repair and predispositions to cancer | |
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Therapeutic strategies | |
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Conventional therapies: chemotherapy and radiation therapy | |
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Strategies that target DNA repair pathways | |
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Regulation of gene expression | |
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Transcription factors and transcriptional regulation | |
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Chromatin structure | |
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Epigenetic regulation of transcription | |
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Evidence of a role for epigenetics in carcinogenesis | |
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Telomeres and telomerase | |
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and regulation of mRNA expression | |
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Therapeutic strategies | |
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Epigenomic and histonomic drugs | |
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Telomerase inhibitors | |
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Growth factor signaling and oncogenes | |
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Epidermal growth factor signaling: an important paradigm | |
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Oncogenes | |
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Therapeutic strategies | |
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Kinases as drug targets | |
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The cell cycle | |
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Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks) | |
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Mechanisms of cdk regulation | |
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Progression through the G<sub>1</sub> checkpoint | |
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The 6<sub>2</sub> checkpoint | |
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The mitotic checkpoint | |
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The cell cycle and cancer | |
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Therapeutic strategies | |
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Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors | |
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Other cell cycle kinase targets | |
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Inhibitors of the mitotic spindle | |
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Growth inhibition and tumor suppressor genes | |
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Definitions of tumor suppressor genes | |
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The retinoblastoma gene | |
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Mutations in the RB pathway and cancer | |
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The p53 pathway | |
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Mutations in the p53 pathway and cancer | |
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Interaction of DNA viral protein products with RB and p53 | |
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Therapeutic strategies | |
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Targeting of the p53 pathway | |
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Apoptosis | |
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Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis | |
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Apoptosis and cancer | |
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Apoptosis and chemotherapy | |
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Therapeutic strategies | |
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Apoptotic drugs | |
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Stem cells and differentiation | |
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Stem cells and cancer | |
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Differentiation and the regulation of transcription | |
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Therapeutic strategies | |
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Inhibitors of the Wnt pathway | |
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Inhibitors of the Hh pathway | |
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Leukemia and differentiation therapies | |
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Metastasis | |
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The process of metastasis | |
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Tools of cell invasion: cell adhesion molecules, integrins, and proteases | |
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Intravasation | |
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Transport | |
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Extravasation | |
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Metastatic colonization | |
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Angiogenesis | |
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Other means of tumor neovascularization | |
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Therapeutic strategies | |
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Metalloproteinase inhibitors (MPIs) | |
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Strategies for restoring metastasis suppressors | |
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Anti-angiogenic therapy and vascular targeting | |
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Targeting several steps of metastasis at once | |
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The immune system, infections, and inflammation | |
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The immune system and cancer | |
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Identifying infectious agents as carcinogens | |
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Inflammation and cancer | |
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Therapeutic strategies | |
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A national vaccination program against hepatitis B virus in Taiwan | |
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Eradication of H. pylori and the relationship to prevention of gastric cancer | |
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Cancer vaccines to prevent cervical cancer | |
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Inhibition of inflammation | |
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Nutrients, hormones, and gene interactions | |
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Causative factors | |
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Preventative factors: microconstituents of fruits and vegetables | |
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Reprogramming energy metabolism in tumor cells-an emerging hallmark of cancer | |
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Genetic polymorphisms and diet | |
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Vitamin D: a link between nutrients and hormone action | |
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Hormones and cancer | |
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Therapeutic strategies | |
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"Enhanced" foods and dietary supplements for chemoprevention | |
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Drugs that target energy pathways | |
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Drugs that target estrogen | |
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The cancer industry: drug development, pharmacogenomics, and clinical trial design | |
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Strategies of drug development | |
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Development of imatinib | |
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Second- and third-generation therapeutics | |
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Pharmacogenomics | |
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Improved clinical trial design | |
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A career in cancer research | |
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Cancer in the future: focus on cancer vaccines and technology | |
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Cancer vaccines | |
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Microarrays and gene expression profiling | |
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Diagnostics and prognostics | |
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Imaging | |
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Personalized medicine and bioinformatics | |
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Cancer nanotechnology | |
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Treating cancer symptoms | |
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Are we making progress? | |
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Cell Cycle Regulation | |
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Centers For Cancer Research | |
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Glossary | |
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Index | |