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| Introduction | |
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| What is cancer? | |
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| Evidence suggests that cancer is a disease of the genome at the cellular level | |
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| Influential factors in human carcinogenesis | |
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| Principles of conventional cancer therapies | |
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| Clinical trials | |
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| The role of molecular targets in cancer therapies | |
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| DNA structure and stability: mutations versus repair | |
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| Gene structure-two parts of a gene: the regulatory region and the coding region | |
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| Mutations | |
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| Carcinogenic agents | |
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| DNA repair and predispositions to cancer | |
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| Therapeutic strategies | |
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| Conventional therapies: chemotherapy and radiation therapy | |
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| Strategies that target DNA repair pathways | |
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| Regulation of gene expression | |
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| Transcription factors and transcriptional regulation | |
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| Chromatin structure | |
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| Epigenetic regulation of transcription | |
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| Evidence of a role for epigenetics in carcinogenesis | |
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| Telomeres and telomerase | |
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| MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and regulation of mRNA expression | |
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| Therapeutic strategies | |
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| Epigenomic and histonomic drugs | |
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| Telomerase inhibitors | |
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| Growth factor signaling and oncogenes | |
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| Epidermal growth factor signaling: an important paradigm | |
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| Oncogenes | |
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| Therapeutic strategies | |
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| Kinases as drug targets | |
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| The cell cycle | |
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| Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks) | |
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| Mechanisms of cdk regulation | |
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| Progression through the G<sub>1</sub> checkpoint | |
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| The 6<sub>2</sub> checkpoint | |
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| The mitotic checkpoint | |
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| The cell cycle and cancer | |
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| Therapeutic strategies | |
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| Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors | |
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| Other cell cycle kinase targets | |
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| Inhibitors of the mitotic spindle | |
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| Growth inhibition and tumor suppressor genes | |
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| Definitions of tumor suppressor genes | |
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| The retinoblastoma gene | |
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| Mutations in the RB pathway and cancer | |
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| The p53 pathway | |
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| Mutations in the p53 pathway and cancer | |
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| Interaction of DNA viral protein products with RB and p53 | |
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| Therapeutic strategies | |
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| Targeting of the p53 pathway | |
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| Apoptosis | |
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| Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis | |
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| Apoptosis and cancer | |
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| Apoptosis and chemotherapy | |
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| Therapeutic strategies | |
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| Apoptotic drugs | |
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| Stem cells and differentiation | |
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| Stem cells and cancer | |
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| Differentiation and the regulation of transcription | |
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| Therapeutic strategies | |
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| Inhibitors of the Wnt pathway | |
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| Inhibitors of the Hh pathway | |
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| Leukemia and differentiation therapies | |
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| Metastasis | |
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| The process of metastasis | |
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| Tools of cell invasion: cell adhesion molecules, integrins, and proteases | |
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| Intravasation | |
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| Transport | |
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| Extravasation | |
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| Metastatic colonization | |
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| Angiogenesis | |
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| Other means of tumor neovascularization | |
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| Therapeutic strategies | |
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| Metalloproteinase inhibitors (MPIs) | |
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| Strategies for restoring metastasis suppressors | |
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| Anti-angiogenic therapy and vascular targeting | |
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| Targeting several steps of metastasis at once | |
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| The immune system, infections, and inflammation | |
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| The immune system and cancer | |
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| Identifying infectious agents as carcinogens | |
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| Inflammation and cancer | |
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| Therapeutic strategies | |
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| A national vaccination program against hepatitis B virus in Taiwan | |
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| Eradication of H. pylori and the relationship to prevention of gastric cancer | |
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| Cancer vaccines to prevent cervical cancer | |
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| Inhibition of inflammation | |
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| Nutrients, hormones, and gene interactions | |
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| Causative factors | |
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| Preventative factors: microconstituents of fruits and vegetables | |
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| Reprogramming energy metabolism in tumor cells-an emerging hallmark of cancer | |
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| Genetic polymorphisms and diet | |
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| Vitamin D: a link between nutrients and hormone action | |
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| Hormones and cancer | |
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| Therapeutic strategies | |
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| "Enhanced" foods and dietary supplements for chemoprevention | |
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| Drugs that target energy pathways | |
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| Drugs that target estrogen | |
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| The cancer industry: drug development, pharmacogenomics, and clinical trial design | |
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| Strategies of drug development | |
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| Development of imatinib | |
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| Second- and third-generation therapeutics | |
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| Pharmacogenomics | |
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| Improved clinical trial design | |
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| A career in cancer research | |
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| Cancer in the future: focus on cancer vaccines and technology | |
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| Cancer vaccines | |
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| Microarrays and gene expression profiling | |
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| Diagnostics and prognostics | |
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| Imaging | |
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| Personalized medicine and bioinformatics | |
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| Cancer nanotechnology | |
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| Treating cancer symptoms | |
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| Are we making progress? | |
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| Cell Cycle Regulation | |
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| Centers For Cancer Research | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |