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| Acknowledgments | |
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| America, Iberia, And Africa Before The Conquest | |
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| Amerindian Civilization on the Eve of European Conquest | |
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| The Iberian World in the Late Fifteenth Century | |
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| Atlantic Africa in the Fifteenth Century | |
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| First Encounters in the New World | |
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| The Age Of Conquest | |
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| The Conquest of Mexico | |
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| The Conquest of Peru | |
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| The Ebbtide of Conquest | |
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| Black Participation in the Age of Conquest | |
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| Conundrums and the Columbian Exchange | |
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| Ruling New World Empires | |
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| Imperial Organization and Administration | |
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| The Colonial Church | |
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| Population And Labor | |
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| Changes in the Colonial Population | |
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| Indian Labor | |
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| Slavery and the Slave Trade | |
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| Production, Exchange, And Defense | |
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| The Mining and Sugar Industries | |
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| International Trade and Taxation | |
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| Defense | |
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| The Colonial Economy | |
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| The Social Economy: Societies Of Caste And Class | |
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| Evolution of Colonial Societies | |
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| The Elites | |
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| Urban and Rural Middle Groups | |
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| The Broad Base of Colonial Society | |
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| The Family And Society | |
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| Family: The Foundation of Colonial Society | |
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| Women in Colonial Societies and Economies | |
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| The Culture of Honor | |
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| Living In An Empire | |
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| Colonial Settings | |
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| Daily Life in the Colonies | |
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| The Cultural Milieu | |
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| Imperial Expansion | |
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| The Spanish Colonies, 1680s to 1762 | |
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| Brazil in the Age of Expansion | |
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| New Spain, Peru, and the Reforms of Charles III | |
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| The Emergence of the Periphery in Spanish America | |
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| Crisis And Political Revolutions | |
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| An Era of War and Crisis for Spain and Portugal | |
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| Governments of Resistance and Political Revolution, 1808-1812 | |
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| From Empire To Independence | |
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| Independence in Spanish America | |
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| Portugal and Brazil in the Age of Revolution | |
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| Cuba: "The Ever Faithful Isle" | |
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| Spain After the Loss of Mainland America | |
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| Epilogue | |