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Preface | |
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Introduction | |
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Modernity | |
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Eighteenth-century Background | |
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The Enlightenment | |
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The French Revolution | |
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Restoration and Revolution, 1815-1840 | |
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The Congress of Vienna, 1814-1815 | |
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The Persistence of Revolution, 1820-1823 | |
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Serbian and Greek Independence, 1804-1829 | |
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The Decembrist Revolt in Russia, 1825 | |
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The Revolutions of 1830 | |
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France | |
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National Independence in Belgium | |
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Nationalist Revolutions in Poland, Italy, and Germany | |
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Reform without Revolution: Great Britain | |
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The Counter Revolution in Russia | |
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The Lessons of 1830 | |
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Romanticism | |
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An Age of Feeling and Poetry, 1790-1830 | |
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Music | |
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Painting | |
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Architecture | |
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Religion and Philosophy | |
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Romantic Nationalism and the Return of the Past | |
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Melodrama and Popular Romanticism | |
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The Industrial Age Begins | |
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Industrial Growth | |
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Precursors: Agriculture, Demography, and Markets | |
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Momentum | |
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Trains: The Ultimate Machine | |
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Why Britain? | |
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The Challenge of Industrialization | |
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France | |
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Germany | |
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Italy | |
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Austria | |
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The Balkans | |
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""Core-Periphery"" Industrialization | |
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Russia | |
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Social Change and Social Life | |
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Class | |
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Population Growth and Redistribution | |
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Rural Society | |
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Peasants | |
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Rural Elites | |
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Cities | |
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Workers | |
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Social Mobility | |
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Middle Classes | |
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Religious Minorities | |
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Ideas and Ideologies | |
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Conservatism | |
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Liberalism | |
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Economic Liberalism | |
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Utilitarian Liberalism | |
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Humantarian Liberalism | |
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Toward Democracy: The Vote | |
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Socialism | |
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Utopian Socialism | |
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Karl Marx and Marxism | |
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Marxism after 1848 | |
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Apostles of Violence and Non-Violence | |
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Anarchists | |
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Christian Socialists and Christian Democrats | |
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Mass Political Movements | |
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The Revolutions of 1848 | |
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Causes | |
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Nationalism in the 1840s | |
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Political Activism | |
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The Hungry Forties | |
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The Revolutions of 1848 | |
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France | |
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Italy | |
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Germany | |
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Austrian Empire | |
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Great Britain and Russia | |
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Consequences of 1848 | |
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Building the Modern Nation-State, 1850-1880 | |
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The Crimean War | |
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France: The Second Empire | |
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Unification of Italy and Germany | |
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Italy | |
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Germany | |
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The Paris Commune | |
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Germany: The Nation-State | |
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The Habsburg Empire | |
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Compromise and the Dual Monarchy | |
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The Nationality Question under the Dual Monarchy: Austria | |
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The Nationality Question under the Dual Monarchy: Hungary | |
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New States in Ottoman Europe | |
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Poles of Reform | |
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The Russian Empire and the Great Reforms | |
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Great Britain and the Cult of Progress | |
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Realism, Reason, and Respectability | |
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The Economic Boom and Second Industrial Revolution | |
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France and Germany | |
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Russia and Italy | |
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Austria-Hungary | |
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Urbanization and Migration | |
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Respectability | |
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Darwinism, 1859-1871 | |
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Realism in the Arts | |
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Literature | |
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Music | |
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Painting | |
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Sculpture, Monument, Architecture | |
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Photography | |
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The Age of Imperialism, 1870-1914 | |
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Motives for Imperialism | |
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Money | |
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Power | |
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Security | |
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Ideology | |
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British Rule in India | |
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Imperialism in East Asia | |
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The ""Scramble for Africa"" | |
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Conflicts in Africa After Partition | |
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Fashoda | |
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The Boer War | |
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Russia: Between Nation and Empire | |
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Imperialism at Home | |
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Mass Nationalism and Racism | |
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Economic and Political Consequences of Imperialism | |
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Challenges to Modernity, 1890-1914 | |
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City Life: Fin de siecle and Belle Epoque | |
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Growth of the Urban Population | |
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The Workers' Challenge | |
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The Women's Challenge | |
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Leisure and Mass Culture | |
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The Cultural Challenge: Modernism | |
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Painting | |
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Music | |
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The Other Arts | |
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Modern Scientific Theory: Discontinuity, Randomness, and Relativity | |
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Social Sciences | |
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Political Polarization and Conflict, 1870-1914 | |
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Imperial Germany, 1880-1914 | |
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Great Britain: Protest on Three Fronts, 1867-1914 | |
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France: The Third Republic, 1870-1914 | |
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Italy after Unification, 1870-1914 | |
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Russian Reaction and Revolution, 1881-1914 | |
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The Revolution of 1905 | |
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The Austro-Hungarian Empire, 1867-1914 | |
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Conflicts among Nationalities | |
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The Road to War | |