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| Introduction | |
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| Classical Sources | |
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| Homer, from the Iliad | |
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| ""Justice, Equality, Desert,"" from the Bible | |
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| Plato from the Republic | |
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| Aristotle, from the Nicomachean Ethics | |
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| ""Justice, Retribution, and Mercy,"" from the Koran | |
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| Aquinas, from Summa Theologica | |
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| Mencius, from On the Mind | |
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| Justice and the Social Contract | |
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| Hobbes, from Leviathan | |
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| Locke, from Second Treatise on Government | |
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| Rousseau, from A Discourse on Inequality and The Social Contract | |
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| Hegel, from Phenomenology of Spirit | |
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| Rawls, from A Theory of Justice | |
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| Nozick, from Anarchy, State, and Utopia | |
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| Gauthier, from ""The Social Contract as Ideology"" | |
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| Baier, from ""Trust and Antitrust"" | |
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| Justice and Society | |
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| The Declaration of Independence and Amendments to the Constitution of the United States of America | |
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| Locke, from Second Treatise on Government | |
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| Hume, from An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Justice and A Treatise of Human Nature | |
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| Adam Smith, from A Theory of Moral Sentiments and The Wealth of Nations | |
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| Kant, from Philosophy of Law | |
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| Hegel, from Philosophy of Right | |
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| Mill, from Utilitarianism | |
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| Engels, from Anti-Duhring, and Marx, from A Critique of the Gotha Programme | |
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| von Hayek, from The Mirage of Social Justice | |
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| Bernard Williams, from ""The Idean of Equality | |
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| David Miller, from Social Justice | |
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| Justice and Punishment | |
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| Pietro Marongiu and Graeme Newman, from Vengeance | |
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| Nozick, from Philosophical Explanations | |
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| Bentham, from Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation | |
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| Kant, from Philosophy of Law | |
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| Hegel, from Philosophy of Right | |
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| Nietzsche, from On the Genealogy of Morals | |
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| Rawls, from ""Two Concepts of Rules"" | |
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| Michael Moore, from ""The Moral Worth of Retribution"" | |
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| Jean Hampton, from ""The Moral Education Theory of Punishment"" | |
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| Robert Solomon, from A Passion for Justice | |
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| United States Supreme Court, Gregg v. Georgia | |
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| Hugo Bedau, from ""Capital Punishment and Retributive Justice"" | |
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| Ernst van den Haag, from ""Deterrence and the Death Penalty"" | |
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| Camus, from ""Reflections on the Guillotine"" | |
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| The Contemporary Debate on Distributive Justice | |
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| Rawls, from A Theory of Justice | |
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| Dworkin, from ""The Original Position"" | |
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| Thomas Nagel, from ""Rawls on Justice"" | |
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| Nozick, from Anarchy, State and Utopia | |
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| MacIntyre, from After Virtue | |
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| Michael Sandel, from Liberalism and the Limits of Justice | |
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| Michael Walzer, from Spheres of Justice | |
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| Susan Moller Okin, from Justice, Gender and the Family | |
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| Rawls, from ""Justice as Fairness: Political not Metaphysical"" | |
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| Bibliography | |