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| Preface | |
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| All chapters (except Chapter 12) end with the following sections: Summary, Nomenclature, Problems, and References | |
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| Preface | |
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| Introduction to Bioproducts and Bioseparations | |
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| Instructional Objectives | |
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| Broad Classification of Bioproducts | |
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| Small Biomolecules | |
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| Primary Metabolites | |
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| Secondary Metabolites | |
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| Summary of Small Biomolecules | |
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| Macromolecules: Proteins | |
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| Primary Structure | |
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| Secondary Structure | |
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| Tertiary Structure | |
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| Example | |
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| Effect of a Reducing Agent on Protein Structure and Mobility | |
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| Quaternary Structure | |
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| Prosthetic Groups and Hybrid Molecules | |
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| Functions and Commercial Uses of Proteins | |
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| Stability of Proteins | |
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| Recombinant Protein Expression | |
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| Macromolecules: Nucleic Acids and Oligonucleotides | |
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| Macromolecules: Polysaccharides | |
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| Particulate Products | |
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| Introduction to Bioseparations: Engineering Analysis | |
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| Stages of Downstream Processing | |
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| Example | |
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| :Initial Selection of Purification Steps | |
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| Basic Principles of Engineering Analysis | |
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| Process and Product Quality | |
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| Criteria for Process Development | |
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| The Route to Market | |
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| The Chemical and Applications Range of the Bioproduct | |
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| Documentation of Pharmaceutical Bioproducts | |
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| GLP and cGMP | |
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| Formulation | |
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| Analytical Methods | |
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| Instructional Objectives | |
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| Specifications | |
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| Assay Attributes | |
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| Precision | |
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| Accuracy | |
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| Specificity | |
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| Linearity, Limit of Detection, and Limit of Quantitation | |
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| Range | |
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| Robustness | |
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| Analysis of Biological Activity | |
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| Animal Model Assays | |
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| Cell-Line-Derived Bioassays | |
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| In Vitro Biochemical Assays | |
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| Example | |
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| :Coupled Enzyme Assay for Alcohol Oxidase | |
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| Analysis of Purity | |
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| Electrophoretic Analysis | |
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| Example | |
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| :Estimation of the Maximum Temperature in an Electrophoresis Gel | |
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| High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) | |
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| Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Coupling of HPLC with Mass Spectrometry | |
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| UV Absorbance | |
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| Example | |
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| :Determination of Molar Absorptivity | |
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| CHNO/Amino Acid Analysis (AAA) | |
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| Example | |
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| :Calculations Based on CHNO Analysis | |
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| Protein Assays | |
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| Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay | |
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| Gas Chromatography | |
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| DNA Hybridization | |
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| ICP/MS (AA) | |
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| Dry Weight | |
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| Microbiology Assays | |
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| Sterility | |
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| Bioburden | |
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| Endotoxin | |
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| Virus and Phage | |
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| Cell Lysis and Flocculation | |
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| Instructional Objectives | |
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| Some Elements of Cell Structure | |
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| Prokaryotic Cells | |
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| Eukaryotic Cells | |
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| Cell Lysis | |
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| Osmotic and Chemical Cell Lysis | |
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| Mechanical Methods of Lysis | |
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| Flocculation | |
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| The Electric Double Layer | |
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| Example | |
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| :Dependence of the Debye Radius on the Type of Electrolyte | |
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| Forces between Particles and Flocculation by Electrolytes | |
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| Example | |
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| :Sensitivity of Critical Flocculation Concentration to Temperature and Counter-Ion Charge Number | |
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| The Schulze-Hardy Rule | |