Kathleen Wagner EdD, MSN, RN is a lecturer in the Undergraduate Program in the College of Nursing at the University of Kentucky. As a nurse educator, she teaches pathopharmacology and high-acuity nursing at the undergraduate level. She is also the Educational Consultant for the Undergraduate Program at the University of Kentucky. She has a doctorate in Instructional Systems Design with a focus on learning transfer and case method instruction.Karen Johnson PhD, RN is an Associate Professor at the University of Maryland School of Nursing and Director of Nursing, Research & Evidence-based Practice at the University of Maryland Medical Center.Melanie Hardin-Pierce DNP, RN, ACNP-BC is an… assistant professor in the University of Kentucky College of Nursing, where she teaches in both the undergraduate and graduate programs. She earned her Doctor of Nursing Practice degree at the University of Kentucky studying oral health in mechanically ventilated patients. She is a board certified acute care nurse practitioner who practices as a critical care intensivist in Central Baptist Hospital, Lexington. She is primary investigator in funded research that examines inflammation, cardiovascular function and weaning outcomes in mechanically ventilated adults.