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Preface | |
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Introduction | |
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Thinking About Organizations | |
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Overview | |
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Why Study Organizations? | |
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Organizational Impacts | |
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The Nature of Organizations | |
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The Plan of the Book | |
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Summary and Conclusions | |
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Exercises | |
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Organizational Structure | |
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Organizational Structure: Key Dimensions | |
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Overview | |
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Defining Organizational Structure | |
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Studying Organizational Structure: Early Research on the Bureaucratic Form | |
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Sociological Studies of Formal Structure in Organizations | |
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Dimensions of Formal Structure | |
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Relations Between Complexity, Formalization, and Centralization | |
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Summary and Conclusions | |
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Exercises | |
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Organizational Structure: Explanations | |
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Overview | |
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Effects of Size | |
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Effects of Technology | |
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Combined Effects of Size and Technology | |
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In Practice: Functional, Product, and Matrix Forms of Organization | |
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Effects of Internal Culture | |
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Environmental Effects on Structure: External Culture | |
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Creating Formal Structure: Debates over Process | |
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Summary and Conclusions | |
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Exercises | |
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Organizational Processes | |
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Power and Power Outcomes | |
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Overview | |
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The Nature of Power in Organizations | |
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Authority and Power | |
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Other Types of Power | |
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Shifts in Power | |
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Power Outcomes: Compliance and Involvement | |
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Power Outcomes: Conflict | |
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The Components of Conflict Situations | |
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The Outcomes of Conflict | |
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Summary and Conclusions | |
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Exercises | |
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Leadership | |
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Overview | |
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What Is Leadership? | |
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The Outcomes of Leadership for Organizations | |
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Leadership in the Voluntary Organization | |
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Summary and Conclusions | |
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Exercises | |
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Decision-Making | |
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Overview | |
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Organizations as Systems of Decisions | |
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Strategic Decision-Making | |
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Strategies of Power and Decision-Making | |
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Summary and Conclusions | |
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Exercises | |
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Communication | |
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Overview | |
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The Importance of Communication | |
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Individual Factors | |
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Organizational Factors | |
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Vertical Communication | |
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Horizontal Communication | |
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Communication Problems | |
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Communication to and from Outside the Organization | |
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Possible Solutions | |
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Summary and Conclusions | |
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Exercises | |
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Managing Organizational Environments: Conceptions of the Environment | |
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Overview | |
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"Discovering" Organizational Environments | |
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Defining the Environment | |
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Perceiving the Environment | |
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Summary and Conclusions | |
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Exercises | |
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Managing Organizational Environments: General Paradigms | |
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Overview | |
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The Contingency Paradigm | |
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The Resource Dependence Paradigm | |
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The Transaction Cost Paradigm | |
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The Institutional Paradigm | |
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The Population Ecology Paradigm | |
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Combining Paradigms | |
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Summary and Conclusions | |
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Exercises | |
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Outcomes | |
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Organizational Performance and Change | |
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Overview | |
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Problems of Defining Organizational Goals | |
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Approaches to Organizational Effectiveness | |
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Evaluating Organizational Performance: Key Issues | |
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Organizational Change and Transformation | |
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Organizational Change: Learning and Transformation | |
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Transformational Change | |
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Summary and Conclusions | |
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Exercises | |
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References | |
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Name Index | |
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Subject Index | |