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| Displaying the Order in a Group of Numbers | |
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| The Two Branches of Statistical Methods | |
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| Some Basic Concepts | |
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| Kinds of Variables | |
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| Frequency Tables | |
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| Histograms | |
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| Frequency Graphs | |
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| Shapes of Frequency Distributions | |
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| Frequency Tables, Histograms, and Frequency Polygons in Research Articles | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Example Worked-Out Problems | |
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| Practice Problems | |
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| The Mean, Variance, Standard Deviation, and Z Scores | |
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| The Mean | |
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| The Variance and the Standard Deviation | |
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| Z Scores | |
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| Mean, Variance, Standard Deviation, and Z Scores in Research Articles | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Example Worked-Out Problems | |
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| Practice Problems | |
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| Correlation and Prediction | |
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| Graphing Correlations: The Scatter Diagram | |
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| Patterns of Correlation | |
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| The Degree of Linear Correlation: The Correlation Coefficient | |
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| Issues in Interpreting the Correlation Coefficient | |
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| Prediction | |
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| Multiple Regression and Multiple Correlation | |
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| The Correlation Coefficient and the Proportion of Variance Accounted for | |
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| Correlation and Prediction in Research Articles | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Exampled Worked-Out Problems | |
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| Practice Problems | |
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| Chapter Appendix: Hypothesis Tests and Power for the Correlation Coefficient | |
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| Some Key Ingredients for Inferential Statistics: The Normal Curve, Probability, and Population Versus Sample | |
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| The Normal Distribution | |
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| Probability | |
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| Sample and Population | |
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| Normal Curves, Probabilities, Samples, and Populations in Research Articles | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Example Worked-Out Problems | |
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| Practice Problems | |
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| Introduction to Hypothesis Testing | |
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| A Hypothesis-Testing Example | |
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| The Core Logic of Hypothesis Testing | |
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| The Hypothesis-Testing Process | |
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| One-Tailed and Two-Tailed Hypothesis Tests | |
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| Hypothesis Tests in Research Articles | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Example Worked-Out Problem | |
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| Practice Problems | |
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| Hypothesis Testing and the Means of Samples | |
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| The Distribution of Means | |
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| Hypothesis Testing with a Distribution of Means | |
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| Estimation and Confidence Intervals | |
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| Hypothesis Tests about Means of Samples and Confidence Intervals in Research Articles | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Example Worked-Out Problems | |
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| Practice Problems | |
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| Making Sense of Statistical Significance: Decision Errors, Effect Size, and Statistical Power | |
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| Decision Errors | |
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| Effect Size | |
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| Statistical Power | |
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| What Determines the Power of a Study? | |
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| The Role of Power When Planning a Study | |
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| The Role of Power When Interpreting the Results of a Study | |
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| Decision Errors, Effect Size, and Power in Research Articles | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Example Worked-Out Problem | |
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| Practice Problems | |
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| Introduction to thetTest | |
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| ThetTest for a Single Sample | |
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| ThetTest for Dependent Means | |
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| Assumptions of thetTest | |
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| Effect Size and Power for thetTest for Dependent Means | |
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| Tests in Research Articles | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Example Worked-Out Problems | |
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| Practice Problems | |
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| ThetTest for Independent means | |
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| The Distribution of Differences Between Means | |
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| Hypothesis Testing with atTest for Independent Means | |
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| Assumptions of thetTest for Independent Means | |
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| Effect Size and Power for thetTest for Independent Means | |
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| ThetTest for Independent Means in Research Articles | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Example Worked-Out Problems | |
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| Practice Problems | |
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| Introduction to the Analysis of Variance | |
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| Basic Logic of the Analysis of Variance | |
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| Carrying Out an Analys | |