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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| About the Author | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Planning, Training, and Equipping | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Preparation and Initial Steps | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Sworn versus Civilian Staff | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Equipment and Supplies | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Storage, Preparation, and Transportation | |
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| Supplies | |
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| Crime Scene Kits | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Arrival at the Scene | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Arrival at the Scene | |
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| Letting the Scene "Talk to You" | |
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| Briefing | |
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| Crime Scene Survey | |
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| Crime Scene Search | |
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| Search Patterns | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| The Crime Scene | |
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| Notes and Forms | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Notes | |
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| Field-Work Forms | |
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| Crime Scene Worksheet | |
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| Male/Female Anatomical Chart | |
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| Photographic Log | |
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| Medication Worksheet | |
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| Modus Operandi Report | |
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| Evidence Report | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Photography | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Video | |
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| Still Photography | |
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| Film Cameras | |
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| Digital Cameras | |
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| Photographic Transparencies | |
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| Lenses | |
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| Films | |
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| Photo Log | |
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| General Crime Scene | |
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| Indoor Crime Scene | |
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| Outdoor Scene | |
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| Flash Photography | |
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| Using the Flash | |
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| Tripod, Monopod, and Copy Stand | |
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| General Suggestions | |
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| Night Photography | |
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| Painting with Light | |
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| Technical Photography | |
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| Filters | |
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| Latent Fingerprint Photography | |
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| Tire and Shoe Print Photography | |
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| Bloodstain Pattern Photography | |
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| Photography of Luminol | |
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| Photography of Bullet Trajectory with Laser | |
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| Photographs and Court | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Crime Scene Drawings | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Types of Drawings | |
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| Equipment Required | |
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| Measurement Methods | |
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| Triangulation | |
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| Right Angles or Rectangular Measurement | |
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| Baseline Method | |
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| Grid Method | |
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| Symbols | |
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| Motor Vehicles | |
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| Size of Drawing | |
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| Maps | |
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| Narrative Report | |
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| Court Drawings | |
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| Computer-Aided Drawing Programs | |
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| Architectural Models | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Fingerprints | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Types of Fingerprints | |
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| Inked or Known Prints | |
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| Deceased Persons' Fingerprints | |
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| Latent or Unknown Prints | |
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| Processing Evidence for Latent Prints | |
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| Magnetic versus Traditional Powder | |
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| Simultaneous Impressions | |
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| Completing the Latent Print Card | |
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| Completing the Latent Print Envelope | |
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| Case Study | |
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| Special Fingerprint Techniques | |
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| Decomposed Bodies | |
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| Mummified Bodies | |
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| Palm Prints for Deceased Persons | |
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| Burned Body | |
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| Latent Prints from Human Skin | |
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| Chemical Processes for Latent Prints | |
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| Smooth, Nonporous Surfaces | |
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| Paper Products | |
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| Plastic and Cellophane | |
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| Tape and Adhesive Surfaces | |
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| Wet Surfaces | |
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| Raw Wood | |
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| Latent Print Processes | |
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| Magnetic Powder | |
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| Sticky-side Powder | |
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| Superglue (Cyanoacrylate Ester) | |
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| Ninhydrin | |
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| DFO | |
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| Physical Developer | |
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| Dye Stains | |
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| Gentian Violet | |
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| Sudan Black | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Pattern Evidence | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Direct and Indirect Methods | |
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| Firearms | |
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| External Examination | |
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| Internal Examination | |
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| Patterns on Projectile and Cartridge | |
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| Patterns on Target or Shooter | |
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| Trace Metal Detection Test | |
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| Recording TMDT Results | |
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| Tool Marks on Firearms | |
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| Obliterated Firearms Serial Numbers | |
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| Tool Marks | |
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| Glass | |
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| Cloth | |
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| Documents | |
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| Burned Documents | |
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| Tire Prints | |
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| Shoe Prints | |
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| Food with Dental Impressions | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Property Crime | |
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| Types of Property Crime | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Vandalism | |
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| Insurance Scam | |
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| Extortion | |
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| Burglary | |
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| Safe Burglary | |
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| Burglary Tools | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Fire and Explosion Investigations | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Fire Scenes | |
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| Photography | |
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| Diagram | |
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| Evidence | |
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| Burning Deaths | |
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| Safety | |
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| Explosions | |
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| Evidence | |
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| Safety | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Assaults | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Weapons | |
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| Injuries/Damage | |
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| Injury Types | |
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| Blood and Body Fluids | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Safety Precautions | |
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| Field Testing and Sampling | |
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| Basic Blood and Body-Fluid Kit | |
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| Blood Sampling | |
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| Wet Blood | |
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| Dried Blood | |
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| Presumptive Testing | |
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| Phenolphthalein | |
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| Benzidine | |
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| O-tolidine | |
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| Leucomalachite Green | |
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| Human-Specific Field Blood Tests | |
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| Bloodstain Pattern Reagents | |
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| Luminol | |
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| Fluorescein | |
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| Recovery of Evidence | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Sexual Assault | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Photography | |
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| Evidence at the Scene | |
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| Recovery of Fingerprints | |
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| Trace Evidence | |
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| Standard Samples | |
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| Body Fluids | |
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| Semen | |
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| Semen Field-Testing | |
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| Clothes and Bedding | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Elder, Child, and Spouse Abuse and Neglect | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Elder Abuse and Neglect | |
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| Case Study | |
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| Evidence | |
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| Child Abuse and Neglect | |
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| The Scene | |
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| Child Injuries | |
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| Spouse and Family Abuse | |
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| Evidence of Abuse | |
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| Death of Victim | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Death Investigations | |
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| Death Investigation: General Considerations | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Multi-Agency Investigations | |
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| Cultural Differences | |
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| Goals of Investigation | |
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| Manner of Death | |
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| Cause of Death | |
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| Time of Death (Postmortem Interval) | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Locating Experts | |
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| Suggested Procedures | |
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| Ancient Remains | |
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| Modern Remains | |
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| Recovery of Remains | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Forensic Odontology | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Bites | |
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| Bite Marks | |
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| Impressions on Live Persons | |
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| Impressions in Food and Other Items | |
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| Photography | |
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| Casting Impressions and Patterns | |
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| Missing Persons | |
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| Obtaining Dental Records | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Forensic Entomology | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Photography of Body and Scene | |
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| Fly Eggs | |
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| Maggots | |
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| Maggot Mass | |
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| Pupae | |
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| Measurements at the Scene | |
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| Specimen Recovery | |
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| Equipment Required | |
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| Recovery of Adult Insects | |
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| Recovery of Immature Insects | |
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| Shipping Specimens | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Injury and Wound Patterns | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Specific Wounds | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Bloodstain Pattern Analysis | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Blood Facts | |
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| Safety | |
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| Advantages of Analysis | |
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| Procedure | |
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| Photography | |
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| Diagrams | |
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| Individual Patterns | |
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| Terminology | |
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| Case Study | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Natural, Accidental, and Undetermined Deaths | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Natural Deaths | |
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| Alcohol-Related Deaths | |
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| Case Study | |
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| Accidental Deaths | |
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| Autoerotic Death | |
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| Drowning | |
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| Case Study | |
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| Electrocution | |
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| Industrial Fatalities | |
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| Home Accidents | |
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| Motor Vehicle Collisions | |
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| Undetermined Deaths | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Suicide | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| The Decedent | |
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| Case Studies | |
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| Intentional Fall from Height | |
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| Hangings | |
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| Overdose | |
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| Carbon Monoxide Poisoning | |
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| Gunshot | |
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| Suicide Notes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Homicide | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Introduction/Objectives | |
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| Scene | |
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| Case Study | |
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| Priorities | |
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| Primer Residue | |
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| Confusion at the Scene | |
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| Media | |
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| Training | |
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| Related Cases | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Equipment Sources | |
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| Organizations | |
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| Charts and Forms | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |