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| Background | |
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| Why Study Logic | |
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| Sentences, Truth-Values, and Arguments | |
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| Deductive Validity and Soundness | |
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| Inductive Arguments | |
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| Logical Consistency, Truth, Falsity, and Equivalence | |
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| Special Cases of Validity | |
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| Sentential Logic: Symbolization and Syntax | |
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| Symbolization and Truth-Functional Connectives | |
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| Complex Symbolizations | |
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| Non-Truth-Functional Connectives | |
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| The Syntax of SL | |
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| Sentential Logic: Semantics | |
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| Truth-Value Assignments and Truth-Tables for Sentences | |
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| Truth-Functional Truth, Falsity, and Indeterminacy | |
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| Truth-Functional Equivalence | |
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| Truth-Functional Consistency | |
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| Truth-Functional Entailment and Truth-Functional Validity | |
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| Truth-Functional Properties and Truth-Functional Consistency | |
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| Sentential Logic: Truth-Trees | |
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| The Truth-Tree Method | |
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| Truth-Tree Rules for Sentences Containing 'tilde', 'wedge', and 'ampersand' | |
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| Rules for Sentences Containing 'horseshoe' and 'triple bar' | |
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| More Complex Truth-Trees | |
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| Using Truth-Trees to Test for Truth-Functional Truth, Falsity, and Indeterminacy | |
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| Truth-Functional Equivalence | |
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| Truth-Functional Entailment and Truth-Functional Validity | |
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| Sentential Logic: Derivations | |
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| The Derivation System SD | |
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| Applying the Derivation Rules of SD | |
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| Basic Concepts of SD | |
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| Strategies for Constructing Derivations in SD | |
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| The Derivation System SD+ | |
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| Sentential Logic: Metatheory | |
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| Mathematical Induction | |
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| Truth-Functional Completeness | |
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| The Soundness of SD and SD+ | |
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| The Completeness of SD and SD+ | |
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| Predicate Logic: Symbolization and Syntax | |
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| The Limitations of SL | |
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| Predicates, Individual Constants, and Quantity Terms of English | |
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| Introduction to PL | |
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| Quantifiers Introduced | |
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| The Formal Syntax of PL | |
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| A-, E-, I-, and O-Sentences | |
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| Symbolization Techniques | |
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| Multiple Quantifiers with Overlapping Scope | |
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| Identity, Definite Descriptions, and Properties of Relations, and Functions | |
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| Predicate Logic: Semantics | |
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| Informal Semantics for PL | |
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| Quantificational Truth, Falsehood, and Indeterminacy | |
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| Quantificational Equivalence and Consistency | |
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| Quantification Entailment and Validity | |
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| Truth-Functional Expansions | |
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| Semantics for Predicate Logic with Identity and Functors | |
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| Formal Semantics of PL and PLE | |
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| Predicate Logic: Truth-Trees | |
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| Expanding the Rules for Truth-Trees | |
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| Truth-Trees and Quantificational Consistency | |
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| Truth-Trees and Other Semantic Properties | |
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| Trees for PLE | |
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| Fine-Tuning the Tree Method | |
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| Predicate Logic: Derivations | |
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| The Derivation System PD | |
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| Applying the Derivation Rules of PD | |
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| Basic Concepts of PD | |
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| Strategies for Constructing Derivations in PD | |
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| The Derivation System PD+ | |
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| The Derivation System PDE | |
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| Predicate Logic: Metatheory | |
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| Semantic Preliminaries for PD | |
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| Semantic Preliminaries for PLE | |
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| The Soundness of PD, PD+, and PDE | |
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| The Completeness of PD, PD+, and PDE | |
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| The Soundness of the Tree Method | |
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| The Completeness of the Tree Method Selected Bibliography Index | |