| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Field of Remote Sensing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| How Does Remote Sensing Work? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Characteristics of Remote Sensing Digital Images | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Brief History of Remote Sensing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Examples of Remote Sensing Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
| Crop Irrigation in Kansas | |
| |
| |
| |
| Urban Sprawl in Las Vegas, Nevada | |
| |
| |
| |
| Remote Sensing of Aerosols | |
| |
| |
| |
| Monitoring Forest Fire with High Temporal Resolution Satellite Imagery | |
| |
| |
| |
| Remote Sensing Application in the Recovery at the World Trade Center | |
| |
| |
| |
| Geographic Information Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Why Geographic Information Systems? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Raster GIS and Capabilities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Vector GIS and Capabilities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Global Positioning System and Mobile Mapping | |
| |
| |
| |
| Google Earth | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Key Concepts and Terms | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Electromagnetic Radiation Principles | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Principles of Electromagnetic Radiation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Interactions with Earth Surface Materials | |
| |
| |
| |
| Atmospheric Effects | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Key Concepts and Terms | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Characteristics of Remotely Sensed Data | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Data Recording Methods | |
| |
| |
| |
| Photographs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Satellite Images | |
| |
| |
| |
| Spatial Resolution | |
| |
| |
| |
| Spectral Resolution | |
| |
| |
| |
| Radiometric Resolution | |
| |
| |
| |
| Temporal Resolution | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Key Concepts and Terms | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Aerial Photo Interpretation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Aerial Cameras | |
| |
| |
| |
| Films and Filters | |
| |
| |
| |
| Methods of Aerial Photo Interpretation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Scale of Aerial Photography | |
| |
| |
| |
| Spatial Resolution of Aerial Photography | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Key Concepts and Terms | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Photogrammetry Basics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Types of Aerial Photos | |
| |
| |
| |
| Geometry of Aerial Photography | |
| |
| |
| |
| Image Displacement and Height Measurement | |
| |
| |
| |
| Height Determination from a Single Aerial Photo | |
| |
| |
| |
| Height Determination Using Stereoscopic Parallax | |
| |
| |
| |
| Acquisition of Aerial Photos | |
| |
| |
| |
| Stereoscopy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Orthophotography | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Key Concepts and Terms | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Remote Sensors | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Electro-Optical Sensors | |
| |
| |
| |
| Across-Track Scanning Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Linear-Array (Along-Track) Scanning Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermal IR Sensors | |
| |
| |
| |
| Passive Microwave and Imaging Radar Sensors | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lidar | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Key Concepts and Terms | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Earth Observation Satellites | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Satellite Orbital Characteristics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Earth Resources Satellites | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Landsat Satellite Program | |
| |
| |
| |
| SPOT | |
| |
| |
| |
| Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) Satellites | |
| |
| |
| |
| MODIS | |
| |
| |
| |
| Meteorological and Oceanographic Satellites | |
| |
| |
| |
| NOAA POES Satellites | |
| |
| |
| |
| GOES | |
| |
| |
| |
| Envisat Meris | |
| |
| |
| |
| Other Satellites | |
| |
| |
| |
| Commercial Satellites | |
| |
| |
| |
| IKONOS | |
| |
| |
| |
| QuickBird | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Key Concepts and Terms | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Digital Image Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Image Corrections | |
| |
| |
| |
| Contrast Enhancement | |
| |
| |
| |
| Spatial Enhancement | |
| |
| |
| |
| Spectral Transformations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Image Classification | |
| |
| |
| |
| Image Classification Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Common Image Classifiers | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hyperspectral Image Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Key Concepts and Terms | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermal Remote Sensing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermal Radiation Properties | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermal Infrared Atmospheric Windows | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermal Radiation Laws | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermal Properties of Terrestrial Features | |
| |
| |
| |
| Characteristics of Thermal Images and Collection | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermal Image Interpretation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Key Concepts and Terms | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Active Remote Sensing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Radar Principles | |
| |
| |
| |
| Radar Imaging Geometry and Spatial Resolution | |
| |
| |
| |
| Characteristics of Radar Images | |
| |
| |
| |
| Radar Image Interpretation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lidar Principles | |
| |
| |
| |
| Characteristics of Lidar Data | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lidar Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
| Topographic Mapping Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
| Forestry Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Key Concepts and Terms | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| Index | |