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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Essentials of Grammar | |
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Parts of Speech | |
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Nouns | |
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Proper, Common, and Collective Nouns | |
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Functions of Nouns | |
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Plural Nouns | |
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Possessive Nouns | |
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Pronouns | |
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Personal Pronouns | |
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Case of Personal Pronouns | |
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Indefinite Pronouns | |
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Possessive Pronouns | |
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Relative Pronouns | |
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Interrogative Pronouns | |
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Demonstrative Pronouns | |
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Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement | |
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Who or Whom? | |
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Verbs | |
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Basic Verb Forms | |
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Auxiliary Verbs | |
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Verb Tenses | |
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Regular Verbs | |
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Functions of the Six Tenses | |
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Irregular Verbs | |
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Common Errors in Using Verb Tenses | |
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Mood | |
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Active and Passive Voices | |
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Subject-Verb Agreement | |
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Special Subject-Verb Agreement Cases | |
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Adjectives | |
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Demonstrative Adjectives | |
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Limiting Adjectives | |
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Comparisons | |
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Compound Adjectives | |
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Predicate Adjectives | |
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Adverbs | |
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Forming Adverbs | |
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Types of Adverbs | |
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Comparisons | |
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Adverb Position and Meaning | |
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Adjective or Adverb? | |
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Prepositions | |
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Phrasal Prepositions | |
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Common Errors to Avoid | |
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Prepositions Used with Verbs | |
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Conjunctions | |
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Coordinating Conjunctions | |
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Correlative Conjunctions | |
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Subordinating Conjunctions | |
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Linking Adverbs | |
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Interjections | |
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Common Interjections | |
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Punctuation | |
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Punctuation and Punctuation Style | |
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End Marks: Period, Question Mark, Exclamation Point | |
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Period | |
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Question Mark | |
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Exclamation Point | |
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Comma | |
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Series Comma | |
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Independent Clauses | |
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Introductory Clauses, Phrases, Expressions | |
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Nonrestrictive Clauses and Nonessential Material | |
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Direct Address | |
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Commas and Clarity | |
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Traditional Comma Uses | |
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Comma Faults | |
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Semicolon | |
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Independent Clauses | |
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Series | |
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Colon | |
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Before a Series or List | |
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Between Independent Clauses | |
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Time | |
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Formal and Business Communications | |
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Quotation Marks | |
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Punctuation with Quotation Marks | |
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Brief and Long Quotations | |
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Single Quotation Marks | |
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Titles | |
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Terms and Expressions | |
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Apostrophe | |
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Possessive of Singular Nouns | |
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Possessive of Plural Nouns | |
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Possessive of Indefinite and Personal Pronouns | |
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Individual and Joint Possession | |
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Units of Measure as Possessive Adjectives | |
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Plural Forms of Symbols | |
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Contractions | |
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Hyphen | |
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Compound Numbers and Fractions | |
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Continuous Numbers | |
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Prefixes and Suffixes | |
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Compound Adjectives | |
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Word Division | |
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Hyphenated Names | |
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To Avoid Confusion | |
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Dash | |
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Parentheses | |
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Brackets | |
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Ellipses | |
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Italics | |
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Emphasis | |
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Foreign Words and Phrases | |
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Titles | |
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Vehicles | |
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Sentences and Sentence Patterns | |
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Sentences, Fragments, and Run-Ons | |
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Phrases and Clauses | |
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Phrases | |
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Clauses | |
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Subject and Predicate | |
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Forms of the Subject | |
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Forms of the Predicate | |
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Sentence Constructions | |
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Simple Sentence | |
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Compound Sentence | |
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Complex Sentence | |
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Compound-Complex Sentence | |
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Modifiers in Sentences | |
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Capitalization, Abbreviations, and Numbers | |
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Capitalization | |
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Proper Nouns and Adjectives | |
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Hyphenated Names and Prefixes | |
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Family Relationships | |
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Nationalities and Races | |
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Languages and School Subjects | |
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Religious Names and Terms | |
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Academic Degrees and Personal Titles | |
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Historic Events, Special Events, and Holidays | |
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Historical Monuments, Places, and Buildings | |
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Calendar Days, Months, and Seasons | |
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Documents | |
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Titles of Publications | |
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Compass Points | |
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Geographic Names and Regions | |
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Scientific Terms | |
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Capitals with Numbers | |
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Abbreviations | |
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General Guidelines | |
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Personal Names and Titles | |
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Company Names | |
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Agencies and Organizations | |
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Geographic Terms | |
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Time | |
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Scholarly Abbreviations | |
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Measures | |
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Science and Technology | |
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Commercial Abbreviations | |
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Numbers | |
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Arabic Numbers and Roman Numerals | |
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Figures or Words | |
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Ages | |
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Names | |
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Governmental Designations | |
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Organizations | |
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Addresses and Thoroughfares | |
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Time of Day | |
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Dates | |
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Money | |
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Percentages | |
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Fractions and Decimals | |
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Measures | |
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Temperature | |
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Parts of a Book | |
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Inclusive Numbers | |
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Spelling and Word Division | |
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Spelling Guidelines | |
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Prefixes | |
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Suffixes | |
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Plurals | |
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The i and e Rules | |
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Word Division | |
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General Rules | |
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Syllables and Word Division | |
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Single-Letter Syllables | |
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Final and Double Consonants | |
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Hyphenated Words | |
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Proper Names | |
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Figures and Abbreviations | |
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Style Considerations | |
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Sentences | |
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Use Clarity and Meaning as the Criteria for Good Sentences | |
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Include Only One to Two Ideas in Each Sentence | |
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Vary Sentence Patterns to Avoid Monotonous Use of Any Particular Construction | |
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Brevity | |
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Avoid the Phrases There Is and There Are | |
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Condense Clauses Beginning with Which, That, or Who into Fewer Words | |
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Strike Out the Article the Wherever Possible | |
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Eliminate Wordy and Redundant Phrases and Expressions | |
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Clarity | |
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Keep Words Fresh | |
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Jargon | |
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Buzzwords | |
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Cliches | |
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Keep Words Specific and Concrete | |
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Keep References Clear | |
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Keep Modifiers Close to Words They Modify | |
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Place Adverbs Close to Words They Modify | |
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Keep Subject and Verb Together | |
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Make Sure That Antecedents Are Clear | |
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Keep Structures Parallel | |
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Accuracy | |
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Double-Check Figures, Dates, Specifications, and Other Details | |
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Be Sure That All Names, Titles, and Abbreviations Are Spelled Properly | |
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Verify the Accuracy of Direct Quotations | |
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Make Sure That Ideas Are Presented Clearly | |
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Make Sure Your Work Is Neat and Legible | |
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Gender-Inclusive Language | |
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Nouns and Pronouns | |
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Alternative Noun Forms | |
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Suffixes ess, ette, ix, and ienne/ine | |
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Social Titles | |
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Salutations | |
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Occupational Titles | |
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Principal Parts of Irregular Verbs | |
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Verb-Preposition Combinations | |
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Frequently Confused Words | |
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Frequently Misspelled Words | |