| |
| |
| Authors | |
| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| Philosophy & Principles of Critical Care | |
| |
| |
| |
| General Principles of Critical Care | |
| |
| |
| Role of the Medical Director of the Intensive Care Unit | |
| |
| |
| Critical Care Scoring | |
| |
| |
| Current Controversies & Unresolved Issues | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fluids, Electrolytes, & Acid-Base | |
| |
| |
| |
| Disorders of Fluid Volume | |
| |
| |
| Disorders of Water Balance | |
| |
| |
| Disorders of Potassium Balance | |
| |
| |
| Disorders of Phosphorus Balance | |
| |
| |
| Disorders of Magnesium Balance | |
| |
| |
| Disorders of Calcium Balance | |
| |
| |
| Acid-Base Homeostasis & Disorders | |
| |
| |
| |
| Transfusion Therapy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Blood Components | |
| |
| |
| Blood Component Administration | |
| |
| |
| Complications of Transfusion | |
| |
| |
| Current Controversies & Unresolved Issues | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pharmacotherapy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pharmacokinetic Parameters | |
| |
| |
| Pharmacokinetic Considerations | |
| |
| |
| Medication Errors & Prevention in the ICU | |
| |
| |
| |
| Intensive Care Anesthesia & Analgesia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Physiologic Effects of Anesthesia in the Critically Ill | |
| |
| |
| Airway Management | |
| |
| |
| Pain Management in the ICU | |
| |
| |
| Muscle Relaxants in Intensive Care | |
| |
| |
| Sedative-Hypnotics for the Critically Ill | |
| |
| |
| Malignant Hyperthermia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nutrition | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nutrition & Malnutrition in the Critically Ill Patient | |
| |
| |
| Nutritional Therapy | |
| |
| |
| Nutritional Support in Specific Diseases | |
| |
| |
| New Treatment Strategies for the Malnourished Critically Ill Patient | |
| |
| |
| |
| Imaging Procedures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Imaging Techniques | |
| |
| |
| Iodinated Contrast Agents | |
| |
| |
| Use of Central Venous Catheters for Contrast Injection | |
| |
| |
| Imaging of Support & Monitoring Devices in the ICU | |
| |
| |
| Imaging in Pulmonary Diseases | |
| |
| |
| Imaging in Pleural Disorders | |
| |
| |
| Imaging of the Abdomen & Pelvis | |
| |
| |
| Imaging of Acute Gallbladder & Biliary Tract Disorders | |
| |
| |
| Imaging in Emergent & Urgent Genitourinary Conditions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Intensive Care Monitoring | |
| |
| |
| |
| Electrocardiography | |
| |
| |
| Blood Pressure Monitoring | |
| |
| |
| Central Venous Catheters | |
| |
| |
| Pulmonary Artery Catheterization | |
| |
| |
| Cardiac Output | |
| |
| |
| Pulse Oximetry | |
| |
| |
| Airway CO[subscript 2] Monitoring | |
| |
| |
| Transcutaneous Blood Gases | |
| |
| |
| Respiratory Mechanics | |
| |
| |
| Respired Gas Analysis | |
| |
| |
| Clinical Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
| Transport | |
| |
| |
| |
| Interhospital Transport | |
| |
| |
| Equipment & Monitoring | |
| |
| |
| Education & Training | |
| |
| |
| Reimbursement Standards & Costs | |
| |
| |
| Current Controversies & Unresolved Issues | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ethical, Legal, & Palliative/End-of-Life Care Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ethical Principles | |
| |
| |
| Conflicts Between Ethical Principles | |
| |
| |
| Ethical Decision Making | |
| |
| |
| Advance Care Planning | |
| |
| |
| Medicolegal Aspects of Decision Making | |
| |
| |
| Withholding & Withdrawing Life Support | |
| |
| |
| Organ Donation | |
| |
| |
| Role of the Health Care Professional | |
| |
| |
| Web Sites for Health Care Ethics Information & Policies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Shock & Resuscitation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hypovolemic Shock | |
| |
| |
| Distributive Shock | |
| |
| |
| Cardiac Shock | |
| |
| |
| |
| Respiratory Failure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pathophysiology of Respiratory Failure | |
| |
| |
| Treatment of Acute Respiratory Failure | |
| |
| |
| Acute Respiratory Failure from Specific Disorders | |
| |
| |
| |
| Renal Failure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nondialytic Therapy for Acute Renal Failure | |
| |
| |
| Dialytic Therapy for the Critically Ill Patient | |
| |
| |
| Critical Illness in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gastrointestinal Failure in the ICU | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pancreatitis | |
| |
| |
| Bowel Obstruction | |
| |
| |
| Obstruction of the Large Bowel | |
| |
| |
| Adynamic (Paralytic) Ileus | |
| |
| |
| Diarrhea & Malabsorption | |
| |
| |
| Pancreatic Insufficiency | |
| |
| |
| Lactase Deficiency | |
| |
| |
| Diarrhea | |
| |
| |
| |
| Infections in the Critically Ill | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sepsis | |
| |
| |
| Community-Acquired Pneumonia | |
| |
| |
| Urosepsis | |
| |
| |
| Infective Endocarditis | |
| |
| |
| Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections | |
| |
| |
| Intraabdominal Infections | |
| |
| |
| Infections in Special Hosts | |
| |
| |
| Principles of Antibiotic Use in the ICU | |
| |
| |
| Evalauation of the ICU Patient with New Fever | |
| |
| |
| Nosocomial Pneumonia | |
| |
| |
| Urinary Catheter-Associated Infections | |
| |
| |
| Intravenous Catheter-Associated Infections | |
| |
| |
| Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea | |
| |
| |
| Hematogenously Disseminated Candidiasis | |
| |
| |
| Antimicrobial Resistance in the ICU | |
| |
| |
| Botulism | |
| |
| |
| Tetanus | |
| |
| |
| |
| Surgical Infections | |
| |
| |
| |
| Evaluation and Management of Infection by Body Site | |
| |
| |
| |
| Bleeding & Hemostasis | |
| |
| |
| |
| Approach to the Bleeding Patient | |
| |
| |
| Current Controversies & Unresolved Issues | |
| |
| |
| |
| Psychiatric Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Delirium | |
| |
| |
| Depression | |
| |
| |
| Anxiety & Fear | |
| |
| |
| Staff Issues | |
| |
| |
| |
| Care of the Elderly Patient | |
| |
| |
| |
| Physiologic Changes with Age | |
| |
| |
| Management of the Elderly Patient in the ICU | |
| |
| |
| Special Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Critical Care of the Oncology Patient | |
| |
| |
| |
| Central Nervous System Disorders | |
| |
| |
| Metabolic Disorders | |
| |
| |
| Superior Vena Cava Syndrome | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cardiac Problems in Critical Care | |
| |
| |
| |
| Atrial Arrhythmias | |
| |
| |
| Ventricular Arrhythmias | |
| |
| |
| Heart Block | |
| |
| |
| Cardiac Problems During Pregnancy | |
| |
| |
| Toxic Effects of Cardiac Drugs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Coronary Heart Disease | |
| |
| |
| |
| Physiologic Considerations | |
| |
| |
| Myocardial Ischemia (Angina Pectoris) | |
| |
| |
| Acute Coronary Syndromes: Unstable Angina and Non-ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction | |
| |
| |
| Acute Myocardial Infarction with ST-Segment Elevation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cardiothoracic Surgery | |
| |
| |
| |
| Aneurysms, Dissections, & Transections of the Great Vessels | |
| |
| |
| Postoperative Arrhythmias | |
| |
| |
| Bleeding, Coagulopathy, & Blood Product Utilization | |
| |
| |
| Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Hypothermia, Circulatory Arrest, & Ventricular Assistance | |
| |
| |
| Postoperative Low-Output States | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pulmonary Disease | |
| |
| |
| |
| Status Asthmaticus | |
| |
| |
| Life-Threatening Hemoptysis | |
| |
| |
| Deep Venous Thrombosis & Pulmonary Thromboembolism | |
| |
| |
| Anaphylaxis | |
| |
| |
| Angioedema | |
| |
| |
| |
| Endocrine Problems in the Critically Ill Patient | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thyroid Storm | |
| |
| |
| Myxedema Coma | |
| |
| |
| Acute Adrenal Insufficiency | |
| |
| |
| Sick Euthyroid Syndrome | |
| |
| |
| |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperglycemia, & the Critically Ill Patient | |
| |
| |
| |
| Diabetic Ketoacidosis | |
| |
| |
| Hyperglycemic Hyperosomolar Nonketotic Coma | |
| |
| |
| Management of the Acutely Ill Patient with Hyperglycemia or Diabetes Mellitus | |
| |
| |
| Hyperglycemia | |
| |
| |
| Hypoglycemia | |
| |
| |
| Other Complications of Diabetes Mellitus | |
| |
| |
| |
| HIV Infection in the Critically Ill Patient | |
| |
| |
| |
| Complications of HIV Disease: An Overview | |
| |
| |
| Other Infectious Causes of Pneumonia and Respiratory Failure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Dermatologic Problems in the Intensive Care Unit | |
| |
| |
| |
| Common Skin Disorders | |
| |
| |
| Drug Reactions | |
| |
| |
| Purpura | |
| |
| |
| Life-Threatening Dermatoses | |
| |
| |
| Cutaneous Manifestations of Infection | |
| |
| |
| |
| Critical Care of Vascular Disease & Emergencies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Vascular Emergencies in the ICU | |
| |
| |
| Critical Care of the Vascular Surgery Patient | |
| |
| |
| |
| Critical Care of Neurologic Disease | |
| |
| |
| |
| Encephalopathy & Coma | |
| |
| |
| Seizures | |
| |
| |
| Neuromuscular Disorders | |
| |
| |
| Cerebrovascular Diseases | |
| |
| |
| |
| Neurosurgical Critical Care | |
| |
| |
| |
| Head Injuries | |
| |
| |
| Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage | |
| |
| |
| Tumors of the Central Nervous System | |
| |
| |
| Cervical Spinal Cord Injuries | |
| |
| |
| |
| Acute Abdomen | |
| |
| |
| |
| Specific Pathologic Entities | |
| |
| |
| Current Controversies & Unresolved Issues | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gastrointestinal Bleeding | |
| |
| |
| |
| Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding | |
| |
| |
| Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hepatobiliary Disease | |
| |
| |
| |
| Acute Hepatic Failure | |
| |
| |
| Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding from Portal Hypertension | |
| |
| |
| Ascites | |
| |
| |
| Hepatorenal Syndrome | |
| |
| |
| Preoperative Assessment & Perioperative Management of Patients with Cirrhosis | |
| |
| |
| Liver Resection in Patients with Cirrhosis | |
| |
| |
| |
| Burns | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermal Burn Injury | |
| |
| |
| Initial Care of the Burn Patient | |
| |
| |
| Principles of Burn Treatment | |
| |
| |
| Care of the Burn Wound | |
| |
| |
| Postresuscitation Period | |
| |
| |
| Nutrition | |
| |
| |
| |
| Chemical Burn Injury | |
| |
| |
| |
| Electrical Burn Injury | |
| |
| |
| |
| Poisonings & Ingestions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Evaluation of Poisoning in the Acute Care Setting or ICU | |
| |
| |
| Treatment of Poisoning in the ICU | |
| |
| |
| Management of Specific Poisonings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Care of Patients with Environmental Injuries | |
| |
| |
| |
| Heat Stroke | |
| |
| |
| Hypothermia | |
| |
| |
| Frostbite | |
| |
| |
| Near-Drowning | |
| |
| |
| Envenomation | |
| |
| |
| Electric Shock & Lightning Injury | |
| |
| |
| Radiation Injury | |
| |
| |
| |
| Critical Care Issues in Pregnancy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Physiologic Adaptation to Pregnancy | |
| |
| |
| General Considerations in the Care of the Pregnant Patient in the ICU | |
| |
| |
| Management of Critical Complications of Pregnancy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Antithrombotic Therapy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Physical Measures | |
| |
| |
| Antiplatelet Agents | |
| |
| |
| Anticoagulants | |
| |
| |
| New Anticoagulants | |
| |
| |
| Defibrinating Agents | |
| |
| |
| Oral Anticoagulants | |
| |
| |
| Thrombolytic Therapy | |
| |
| |
| Antithrombotic Therapy in Pregnancy | |
| |
| |
| Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome | |
| |
| |
| Thrombosis in Cancer Patients | |
| |
| |
| Future Directions | |
| |
| |
| Index | |